This is the first volume to attempt a comprehensive overview of the evolution of the 'Arian' churches in the Roman world of Late Antiquity and their political importance in the late Roman kingdoms of the 5th-6th centuries, ruled by barbarian warrior elites. Bringing together researchers from the disciplines of theology, history and archaeology, and providing an extensive bibliography, it constitutes a breakthrough in a field largely neglected in historical studies. A polemical term coined by the Orthodox Church (the side that prevailed in the Trinitarian disputes of the 4th century C.E.) for its opponents in theology as well as in ecclesiastical politics, Arianism has often been seen as too complicated to understand outside the group of theological specialists dealing with it and has therefore sometimes been ignored in historical studies. The studies here offer an introduction to the subject, grounded in the historical context, then examine the adoption of Arian Christianity among the Gothic contingents of the Roman army, and its subsequent diffusion in the barbarian kingdoms of the late Roman world.
"Excavations at Ditches in the Gloucestershire Cotswolds during the 1980s investigated a large late Iron Age enclosure which proved to contain a remarkably early Roman villa. Discoveries included a well-preserved cellar and a range of finds, including Gallo-Belgic wares, Iron Age coins, coin moulds, Venus figurines and brooches indicating high-status occupation in the late Iron Age and early Roman period. This volume not only includes a report on the excavations of 1984-5, but also additional work, including a new geophysical survey and reassessment of the finds. Alongside re-appraisal of much of the 1980s evidence, this analysis allows the earlier material to be compared with more recent studies of the late Iron Age-Roman transition contributing to debates over processes of 'Romanization', questions of social and political continuity and the nature of villa development in Britain."--Jacket.
In 88 B.C. King Mithradates Eupator VI of Pontus ordered the murders of every man, woman, and child of Latin heritage in all of Asia Minor {Today’s Turkey} and the Aegean Cyclades. A state organized genocide or murder of Romans covering half a continent and over one hundred thousand victims. Herein resides the account of one exceptionally unfortunate and resilient youth. He awakes to a dissimilar world and discovers his life torn to shreds. Yet he makes the most of his situation with brains, bravado, and spiritual strength. This is further the narrative of those brave Ionian souls who we re willing to risk their lives to assist this Roman lad. Witnessing his families’ demise, the young man survives and is the last Latin speaking citizen remaining alive in this vast area.
This volume covers the transition period stretching from the reign of Justinian I to the end of the 8th century, focusing on the experience of individuals who lived through the last decades of Byzantine rule in Egypt before the arrival of the new Arab rulers. The contributions drawing from the wealth of sources we have for Egypt, explore phenomena of stability and disruption during the transition from the classical to the postclassical world.
Christianity spread across North Africa early, and it remained there as a powerful force much longer than anticipated. While this African form of Christianity largely shared the Latin language and Roman culture of the wider empire, it also represented a unique tradition that was shaped by its context. Ancient African Christianity attempts to tell the story of Christianity in Africa from its inception to its eventual disappearance. Well-known writers such as Tertullian, Cyprian, and Augustine are studied in light of their African identity, and this tradition is explored in all its various expressions. This book is ideal for all students of African Christianity and also a key introduction for anyone wanting to know more about the history, religion, and philosophy of these early influential Christians whose impact has extended far beyond the African landscape.
This volume is dedicated to eliciting the interactions between localities across late antique and early medieval Europe and the wider Mediterranean. Significant research has been done in recent years to explore how late "Roman" and post-"Roman" cities, towns and other localities communicated vis-à-vis larger structural phenomena, such as provinces, empires, kingdoms, institutions and so on. This research has contributed considerably to our understanding of the place of the city in its context, but tends to portray the city as a necessarily subordinate conduit within larger structures, rather than an entity in itself, or as a hermeneutical object of enquiry. Consequently, not enough research has been committed to examining how local people and communities thought about, engaged with, and struggled against nearby or distant urban neighbors.Urban Interactions addresses this lacuna in urban history by presenting articles that apply a diverse spectrum of approaches, from archaeological investigation to critical analyses of historiographical and historical biases and developmental consideration of antagonisms between ecclesiastical centers. Through these avenues of investigation, this volume elucidates the relationship between the urban centers and their immediate hinterlands and neighboring cities with which they might vie or collaborate. This entanglement and competition, whether subterraneous or explicit across overarching political, religious or other macro categories, is evaluated through a broad geographical range of late "Roman" provinces and post-"Roman" states to maintain an expansive perspective of developmental trends within and about the city.
This biography of Marcus Cato the Younger -- Rome's bravest statesman, an aristocratic soldier, a Stoic philosopher, and staunch defender of sacred Roman tradition -- is rich with resonances for current politics and contemporary notions of freedom.
This book reassesses the role of the Franks in the early medieval world by studying their relationship to Byzantium and the significance attributed to the Roman heritage that they both shared. The book offers new insights into this key subject of the early Middle Ages, offering a broad overview on important questions related to Mediterranean travels and connectivity, notions of empire, the reception of Antiquity, the use of Greek and Latin, religious community and controversies, and Roman and Byzantine features in Frankish culture.