Spreading Activation, Lexical Priming and the Semantic Web
Spreading Activation, Lexical Priming and the Semantic Web

Author: Michael Pace-Sigge

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-06-04

Total Pages: 145

ISBN-13: 3319907190

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This book explores the interconnections between linguistics and Artificial Intelligence (AI) research, their mutually influential theories and developments, and the areas where these two groups can still learn from each other. It begins with a brief history of artificial intelligence theories focusing on figures including Alan Turing and M. Ross Quillian and the key concepts of priming, spread-activation and the semantic web. The author details the origins of the theory of lexical priming in early AI research and how it can be used to explain structures of language that corpus linguists have uncovered. He explores how the idea of mirroring the mind’s language processing has been adopted to create machines that can be taught to listen and understand human speech in a way that goes beyond a fixed set of commands. In doing so, he reveals how the latest research into the semantic web and Natural Language Processing has developed from its early roots. The book moves on to describe how the technology has evolved with the adoption of inference concepts, probabilistic grammar models, and deep neural networks in order to fine-tune the latest language-processing and translation tools. This engaging book offers thought-provoking insights to corpus linguists, computational linguists and those working in AI and NLP.

Semantic Priming
Semantic Priming

Author: Timothy P. McNamara

Publisher: Psychology Press

Published: 2005-09-08

Total Pages: 189

ISBN-13: 1135432554

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Semantic priming - the improvement in speed or accuracy to respond to a word when it is preceded by a semantically related word - is addressed in this volume, which provides a succinct and in-depth overview of this important phenomenon.

Mental Lexicon
Mental Lexicon

Author: Patrick Bonin

Publisher: Nova Publishers

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 262

ISBN-13: 9781590338407

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This book is about the mental lexicon and opens an understanding of this aspect of human cognition. The mental lexicon is still a central topic in psycholinguistics and, more generally speaking, in cognitive science. Is it possible to define what is intended by the expression "mental lexicon", a concept coined by Oldfield as early as 1966? Are the terms that the authors have at their disposal still sufficient to discuss this hypothesised mental entity -- the mental lexicon -- which is intended to cover many different aspects of words? The authors propose as a working definition that the mental lexicon corresponds to the mental repository of all representations that are intrinsically related to words. This book extends its research in psycholinguistics and focuses on the word.

The Effects of Semantic Priming on the Detection of Words
The Effects of Semantic Priming on the Detection of Words

Author: Celine Tatus

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2020-04-24

Total Pages: 32

ISBN-13: 3346153886

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Seminar paper from the year 2019 in the subject Psychology - Cognition, grade: 1,3, University of Wuppertal, language: English, abstract: In order to retrieve information more efficiently and quickly, our central nervous system makes use of implicit preactivation of associative neural networks. In this study, 78 participants were instructed to identify a sequence of word pairs consisting of either German words, nonwords or pseudowords within a lexical decision task. The procedure was carried out under three different conditions: a) no associations within a word pair, b) connection through general second-level cooccurrences, and c) connection through lemmatized second-level cooccurrences. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences in reaction time and error rate between lemmatized second-level cooccurrence compared to general second-level cooccurrences. Both, error rate and reaction time, were lower for lemmatized second-level cooccurrences. Stimuli consisting of words with second-level association had a positive effect on the reaction time and error rate. This could be proven due to a stimulus onset asynchrony of 50ms, avoiding semantical competition that could cause inhibitory effects on the reaction time. Linear regression also revealed that lemmatized second-level cooccurrences had a greater influence on the reaction time up to the target and the error rate compared to general second-level cooccurrences. This information could be used to improve models that explain the process of word recognition by adding the influence of the lemmatized second-level cooccurrence.

Lexical Priming
Lexical Priming

Author: Michael Hoey

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2012-10-12

Total Pages: 217

ISBN-13: 1134333587

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Lexical Priming proposes a radical new theory of the lexicon, which amounts to a completely new theory of language based on how words are used in the real world. Here they are not confined to the definitions given to them in dictionaries but instead interact with other words in common patterns of use. Using concrete statistical evidence from a corpus of newspaper English, but also referring to travel writing and literary text, the author argues that words are 'primed' for use through our experience with them, so that everything we know about a word is a product of our encounters with it. This knowledge explains how speakers of a language succeed in being fluent, creative and natural.

Semantic Technology
Semantic Technology

Author: Ryutaro Ichise

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-11-19

Total Pages: 431

ISBN-13: 3030042847

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This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 8th Joint International Semantic Technology Conference, JIST 2018, held in Awaji, Japan, in November 2018. The 23 full papers and 6 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 75 submissions. They present applications of semantic technologies, theoretical results, new algorithms and tools to facilitate the adoption of semantic technologies and are organized in topical sections on knowledge graphs; data management; question answering and NLP; ontology and reasoning; government open data; and semantic web for life sciences.

Lexical Priming in Spoken English Usage
Lexical Priming in Spoken English Usage

Author: Michael Pace-Sigge

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2013-11-04

Total Pages: 240

ISBN-13: 1137331909

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This book shows that over forty years of psychological laboratory-based research support the claims of the Lexical Priming Theory. It examines how Lexical Priming applies to the use of spoken English as the book provides evidence that Lexical Priming is found in everyday spoken conversations.