This book furthers readers’ understanding of the amazing features of six-membered transition states in stereoselective organic reactions. Comprehensive and logically organized, it covers reactions classified in four categories: [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangements, aldol reactions, metal allylation reactions, and stereoselective reductions. There is a thorough discussion of each reaction category, along with computational studies that support a proposal of a six-membered state. The book assists professors, researchers, and students in proposing reasonable transition states for the description of newly discovered stereoselective reactions.
Domino reactions enable you to build complex structures in one-pot reactions without the need to isolate intermediates- a dream comes true. In this book, the well-respected expert, Professor Lutz Tietze, summarizes the possibilities of this reaction type - an approach for an efficiant, economically benificial and ecological benign synthesis. A definite must for every organic chemist.
Kurti and Czako have produced an indispensable tool for specialists and non-specialists in organic chemistry. This innovative reference work includes 250 organic reactions and their strategic use in the synthesis of complex natural and unnatural products. Reactions are thoroughly discussed in a convenient, two-page layout--using full color. Its comprehensive coverage, superb organization, quality of presentation, and wealth of references, make this a necessity for every organic chemist. - The first reference work on named reactions to present colored schemes for easier understanding - 250 frequently used named reactions are presented in a convenient two-page layout with numerous examples - An opening list of abbreviations includes both structures and chemical names - Contains more than 10,000 references grouped by seminal papers, reviews, modifications, and theoretical works - Appendices list reactions in order of discovery, group by contemporary usage, and provide additional study tools - Extensive index quickly locates information using words found in text and drawings
This Second Edition is the premier name resource in the field. It provides a handy resource for navigating the web of named reactions and reagents. Reactions and reagents are listed alphabetically, followed by relevant mechanisms, experimental data (including yields where available), and references to the primary literature. The text also includes three indices based on reagents and reactions, starting materials, and desired products. Organic chemistry professors, graduate students, and undergraduates, as well as chemists working in industrial, government, and other laboratories, will all find this book to be an invaluable reference.
The first edition of this book was welcomed with great enthusiasm by teachers and students. It therefore seemed opportune to publish a second, revised, updated and extended edition. Unfortunately, Professor Fèlix Serratosa died before he could complete this task. Some new material has been added, the more significant changes being:. The book has been restructured into two well-differentiated sections: Part A, dealing with conventional organic synthesis, and Part B, devoted exclusively to computer-assisted organic synthesis and based on the former Chapter 11 and Appendices 2, 3 and 4 of the first edition. As decided in advance, Part B was to be the sole responsibility of Dr. Josep Xicart, who prepared the first versions of the CHAOS (Computerisation and Heuristics Applied to Organic Synthesis) program under the direction of Professor Serratosa.
Provides the background, tools, and models required to understand organic synthesis and plan chemical reactions more efficiently Knowledge of physical chemistry is essential for achieving successful chemical reactions in organic chemistry. Chemists must be competent in a range of areas to understand organic synthesis. Organic Chemistry provides the methods, models, and tools necessary to fully comprehend organic reactions. Written by two internationally recognized experts in the field, this much-needed textbook fills a gap in current literature on physical organic chemistry. Rigorous yet straightforward chapters first examine chemical equilibria, thermodynamics, reaction rates and mechanisms, and molecular orbital theory, providing readers with a strong foundation in physical organic chemistry. Subsequent chapters demonstrate various reactions involving organic, organometallic, and biochemical reactants and catalysts. Throughout the text, numerous questions and exercises, over 800 in total, help readers strengthen their comprehension of the subject and highlight key points of learning. The companion Organic Chemistry Workbook contains complete references and answers to every question in this text. A much-needed resource for students and working chemists alike, this text: -Presents models that establish if a reaction is possible, estimate how long it will take, and determine its properties -Describes reactions with broad practical value in synthesis and biology, such as C-C-coupling reactions, pericyclic reactions, and catalytic reactions -Enables readers to plan chemical reactions more efficiently -Features clear illustrations, figures, and tables -With a Foreword by Nobel Prize Laureate Robert H. Grubbs Organic Chemistry: Theory, Reactivity, and Mechanisms in Modern Synthesis is an ideal textbook for students and instructors of chemistry, and a valuable work of reference for organic chemists, physical chemists, and chemical engineers.
An advanced-level textbook of organic chemistry for the graduate (B.Sc) and postgraduate (M.Sc) students of Indian and foreign universities. This book is a part of the four-volume series, entitled “A Textbook of Organic Chemistry – Volume I, II, III, IV”. CONTENTS: CHAPTER 1. Nature of Bonding in Organic molecules: Delocalized Chemical Bonding; Conjugation; Cross Conjugation; Resonance; Hyperconjugation; Tautomerism; Aromaticity in Benzenoid and Nonbenzenoid Compounds; Alternant and Non-Alternant Hydrocarbons; Huckel’s Rule: Energy Level of p-Molecular Orbitals; Annulenes; Antiaromaticity; Homo-Aromaticity; PMO Approach; Bonds Weaker than Covalent; Addition Compounds: Crown Ether Complexes and Cryptands, Inclusion Compounds, Cyclodextrins; Catenanes and Rotaxanes CHAPTER 2. Stereochemistry: Chirality; Elements of symmetry; Molecules with more than one chiral centre: diastereomerism; Determination of relative and absolute configuration (octant rule excluded) with special reference to lactic acid, alanine & mandelic acid; Methods of resolution; Optical purity; Prochirality; Enantiotopic and diastereotopic atoms, groups and faces; Asymmetric synthesis: cram’s rule and its modifications, prelog’s rule; Conformational analysis of cycloalkanes (upto six membered rings); Decalins; Conformations of sugars; Optical activity in absence of chiral carbon (biphenyls, allenes and spiranes); Chirality due to helical shape; Geometrical isomerism in alkenes and oximes; Methods of determining the configuration CHAPTER 3. Reaction Mechanism: Structure and Reactivity: Types of mechanisms; Types of reactions; Thermodynamic and kinetic requirements; Kinetic and thermodynamic control; Hammond’s postulate; Curtin-Hammett principle; Potential energy diagrams: Transition states and intermediates; Methods of determining mechanisms; Isotope effects; Hard and soft acids and bases; Generation, structure, stability and reactivity of carbocations, carbanions, free radicals, carbenes and nitrenes; Effect of structure on reactivity; The Hammett equation and linear free energy relationship; Substituent and reaction constants; Taft equation CHAPTER 4. Carbohydrates: Types of naturally occurring sugars; Deoxy sugars; Amino sugars; Branch chain sugars; General methods of determination of structure and ring size of sugars with particular reference to maltose, lactose, sucrose, starch and cellulose. CHAPTER 5. Natural and Synthetic Dyes: Various classes of synthetic dyes including heterocyclic dyes; Interaction between dyes and fibers; Structure elucidation of indigo and Alizarin CHAPTER 6. Aliphatic Nucleophilic Substtitution: The SN2, SN1, mixed SN1 and SN2, SNi , SN1’, SN2’, SNi’ and SET mechanisms; The neighbouring group mechanisms; neighbouring group participation by p and s bonds; anchimeric assistance; Classical and nonclassical carbocations; Phenonium ions; Common carbocation rearrangements; Applications of NMR spectroscopy in the detection of carbocations; Reactivity- effects of substrate structure, attacking nucleophile, leaving group and reaction medium; Ambident nucleophiles and regioselectivity; Phase transfer catalysis. CHAPTER 7. Aliphatic Electrophilic Substitution: Bimolecular mechanisms – SE2 and SEi; The SE1 mechanism; Electrophilic substitution accompained by double bond shifts; Effect of substrates, leaving group and the solvent polarity on the reactivity CHAPTER 8. Aromatic Electrophilic Substitution: The arenium ion: mechanism, orientation and reactivity, energy profile diagrams; The ortho/para ratio, ipso attack, orientation in other ring systems; Quantitative treatment of reactivity in substrates and electrophiles; Diazonium coupling; Vilsmeir reaction; Gattermann-Koch reaction CHAPTER 9. Aromatic Nucleophilic Substitution: The ArSN1, ArSN2, Benzyne and SRN1 mechanisms; Reactivity – effect of substrate structure, leaving group and attacking nucleophile; The von Richter, Sommelet-Hauser, and Smiles rearrangements CHAPTER 10. Elimination Reactions: The E2, E1 and E1cB mechanisms; Orientation of the double bond; Reactivity –effects of substrate structures, attacking base, the leaving group and the medium; Mechanism and orientation in pyrolytic elimination CHAPTER 11. Addition to Carbon-Carbon Multiple Bonds: Mechanistic and stereochemical aspects of addition reactions involving electrophiles, nucleophiles and free radicals; Regio–and chemoselectivity: orientation and reactivity; Addition to cyclopropane ring; Hydrogenation of double and triple bonds; Hydrogenation of aromatic rings; Hydroboration; Michael reaction; Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation. CHAPTER 12. Addition to Carbon-Hetero Multiple Bonds: Mechanism of metal hydride reduction of saturated and unsaturated carbonyl compounds, acids, esters and nitriles; Addition of Grignard reagents, organozinc and organolithium; Reagents to carbonyl and unsaturated carbonyl compounds; Wittig reaction; Mechanism of condensation reactions involving enolates – Aldol, Knoevenagel, Claisen, Mannich, Benzoin, Perkin and Stobbe reactions; Hydrolysis of esters and amides; Ammonolysis of esters.
This series, established by Victor Gold in 1963, brings before the chemical community substantial, authoritative, and considered reviews of areas of chemistry in which quantitative methods are used in the study of the structures of organic compounds and their relation to physical and chemical properties.Physical organic chemistry is viewed as a particular approach to scientific enquiry rather than a further intellectual specialization. Organometallic compounds are included, and relevant aspects of physical theoretical, inorganic, and biological chemistry are incorporated in reviews where appropriate.
The completely revised and updated, definitive resource for students and professionals in organic chemistry The revised and updated 8th edition of March's Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms, and Structure explains the theories of organic chemistry with examples and reactions. This book is the most comprehensive resource about organic chemistry available. Readers are guided on the planning and execution of multi-step synthetic reactions, with detailed descriptions of all the reactions The opening chapters of March's Advanced Organic Chemistry, 8th Edition deal with the structure of organic compounds and discuss important organic chemistry bonds, fundamental principles of conformation, and stereochemistry of organic molecules, and reactive intermediates in organic chemistry. Further coverage concerns general principles of mechanism in organic chemistry, including acids and bases, photochemistry, sonochemistry and microwave irradiation. The relationship between structure and reactivity is also covered. The final chapters cover the nature and scope of organic reactions and their mechanisms. This edition: Provides revised examples and citations that reflect advances in areas of organic chemistry published between 2011 and 2017 Includes appendices on the literature of organic chemistry and the classification of reactions according to the compounds prepared Instructs the reader on preparing and conducting multi-step synthetic reactions, and provides complete descriptions of each reaction The 8th edition of March's Advanced Organic Chemistry proves once again that it is a must-have desktop reference and textbook for every student and professional working in organic chemistry or related fields. Winner of the Textbook & Acadmic Authors Association 2021 McGuffey Longevity Award.
