This accessible text/reference presents a coherent overview of the emerging field of non-Euclidean similarity learning. The book presents a broad range of perspectives on similarity-based pattern analysis and recognition methods, from purely theoretical challenges to practical, real-world applications. The coverage includes both supervised and unsupervised learning paradigms, as well as generative and discriminative models. Topics and features: explores the origination and causes of non-Euclidean (dis)similarity measures, and how they influence the performance of traditional classification algorithms; reviews similarity measures for non-vectorial data, considering both a “kernel tailoring” approach and a strategy for learning similarities directly from training data; describes various methods for “structure-preserving” embeddings of structured data; formulates classical pattern recognition problems from a purely game-theoretic perspective; examines two large-scale biomedical imaging applications.
This book constitutes the proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Similarity Based Pattern Analysis and Recognition, SIMBAD 2013, which was held in York, UK, in July 2013. The 18 papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 33 submissions. They cover a wide range of problems and perspectives, from supervised to unsupervised learning, from generative to discriminative models, from theoretical issues to real-world practical applications, and offer a timely picture of the state of the art in the field.
This book constitutes the proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Similarity Based Pattern Analysis and Recognition, SIMBAD 2015, which was held in Copenahgen, Denmark, in October 2015. The 15 full and 8 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 30 submissions.The workshop focus on problems, techniques, applications, and perspectives: from supervisedto unsupervised learning, from generative to discriminative models, and fromtheoretical issues to empirical validations.
This book constitutes the proceedings of the First International Workshop on Similarity Based Pattern Recognition, SIMBAD 2011, held in Venice, Italy, in September 2011. The 16 full papers and 7 poster papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 35 submissions. The contributions are organized in topical sections on dissimilarity characterization and analysis; generative models of similarity data; graph-based and relational models; clustering and dissimilarity data; applications; spectral methods and embedding.
Artificial Intelligence federates numerous scientific fields in the aim of developing machines able to assist human operators performing complex treatments---most of which demand high cognitive skills (e.g. learning or decision processes). Central to this quest is to give machines the ability to estimate the likeness or similarity between things in the way human beings estimate the similarity between stimuli. In this context, this book focuses on semantic measures: approaches designed for comparing semantic entities such as units of language, e.g. words, sentences, or concepts and instances defined into knowledge bases. The aim of these measures is to assess the similarity or relatedness of such semantic entities by taking into account their semantics, i.e. their meaning---intuitively, the words tea and coffee, which both refer to stimulating beverage, will be estimated to be more semantically similar than the words toffee (confection) and coffee, despite that the last pair has a higher syntactic similarity. The two state-of-the-art approaches for estimating and quantifying semantic similarities/relatedness of semantic entities are presented in detail: the first one relies on corpora analysis and is based on Natural Language Processing techniques and semantic models while the second is based on more or less formal, computer-readable and workable forms of knowledge such as semantic networks, thesauri or ontologies. Semantic measures are widely used today to compare units of language, concepts, instances or even resources indexed by them (e.g., documents, genes). They are central elements of a large variety of Natural Language Processing applications and knowledge-based treatments, and have therefore naturally been subject to intensive and interdisciplinary research efforts during last decades. Beyond a simple inventory and categorization of existing measures, the aim of this monograph is to convey novices as well as researchers of these domains toward a better understanding of semantic similarity estimation and more generally semantic measures. To this end, we propose an in-depth characterization of existing proposals by discussing their features, the assumptions on which they are based and empirical results regarding their performance in particular applications. By answering these questions and by providing a detailed discussion on the foundations of semantic measures, our aim is to give the reader key knowledge required to: (i) select the more relevant methods according to a particular usage context, (ii) understand the challenges offered to this field of study, (iii) distinguish room of improvements for state-of-the-art approaches and (iv) stimulate creativity toward the development of new approaches. In this aim, several definitions, theoretical and practical details, as well as concrete applications are presented.
This book is concerned with a fundamentally novel approach to graph-based pattern recognition based on vector space embedding of graphs. It aims at condensing the high representational power of graphs into a computationally efficient and mathematically convenient feature vector.This volume utilizes the dissimilarity space representation originally proposed by Duin and Pekalska to embed graphs in real vector spaces. Such an embedding gives one access to all algorithms developed in the past for feature vectors, which has been the predominant representation formalism in pattern recognition and related areas for a long time.
TheInternationalConferenceonMachineLearningandDataMining(MLDM)is the third meeting in a series of biennial events, which started in 1999, organized by the Institute of Computer Vision and Applied Computer Sciences (IBaI) in Leipzig. MLDM began as a workshop and is now a conference, and has brought the topic of machine learning and data mining to the attention of the research community. Seventy-?ve papers were submitted to the conference this year. The program committeeworkedhardtoselectthemostprogressiveresearchinafairandc- petent review process which led to the acceptance of 33 papers for presentation at the conference. The 33 papers in these proceedings cover a wide variety of topics related to machine learning and data mining. The two invited talks deal with learning in case-based reasoning and with mining for structural data. The contributed papers can be grouped into nine areas: support vector machines; pattern dis- very; decision trees; clustering; classi?cation and retrieval; case-based reasoning; Bayesian models and methods; association rules; and applications. We would like to express our appreciation to the reviewers for their precise andhighlyprofessionalwork.WearegratefultotheGermanScienceFoundation for its support of the Eastern European researchers. We appreciate the help and understanding of the editorial sta? at Springer Verlag, and in particular Alfred Hofmann,whosupportedthepublicationoftheseproceedingsintheLNAIseries. Last, but not least, we wish to thank all the speakers and participants who contributed to the success of the conference.
Sometimes milestones in the evolution of the DAGM Symposium become immediately visible. The Technical Committee decided to publish the symposium proceedings completely in English. As a consequence we successfully negotiated with Springer Verlag to publish in the international well accepted series “Lecture Notes in Computer Science”. The quality of the contributions convinced the editors and the lectors. Thanks to them and to the authors. We received 105 acceptable, good, and even excellent manuscripts. We selected carefully, using three reviewers for each anonymized paper, 58 talks and posters. Our 41 reviewers had a hard job evaluating and especially rejecting contributions. We are grateful for the time and effort they spent in this task. The program committee awarded prizes to the best papers. We are much obliged to the generous sponsors. We had three invited talks from outstanding colleagues, namely Bernhard Nebel (Robot Soccer – A Challenge for Cooperative Action and Perception), Thomas Lengauer (Computational Biology – An Interdisciplinary Challenge for Computational Pattern Recognition), and Nassir Navab (Medical and Industrial Augmented Reality: Challenges for Real Time Vision, Computer Graphics, and Mobile Computing). N. Navab even wrote a special paper for this conference, which is included in the proceedings. We were proud that we could convince well known experts to offer tutorials to our participants: H. P. Seidel, Univ. Saarbrücken – A Framework for the Acquisition, Processing, and Interactive Display of High Quality 3D Models; S. Heuel, Univ. Bonn – Projective Geometry for Grouping and Orientation Tasks; G. Rigoll, Univ.
The first book of its kind dedicated to the challenge of person re-identification, this text provides an in-depth, multidisciplinary discussion of recent developments and state-of-the-art methods. Features: introduces examples of robust feature representations, reviews salient feature weighting and selection mechanisms and examines the benefits of semantic attributes; describes how to segregate meaningful body parts from background clutter; examines the use of 3D depth images and contextual constraints derived from the visual appearance of a group; reviews approaches to feature transfer function and distance metric learning and discusses potential solutions to issues of data scalability and identity inference; investigates the limitations of existing benchmark datasets, presents strategies for camera topology inference and describes techniques for improving post-rank search efficiency; explores the design rationale and implementation considerations of building a practical re-identification system.
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 7th International Conference, ICIAR 2010, held in Póvoa de Varzin, Portugal in June 2010. The 88 revised full papers were selected from 164 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on Image Morphology, Enhancement and Restoration, Image Segmentation, Featue Extraction and Pattern Recognition, Computer Vision, Shape, Texture and Motion Analysis, Coding, Indexing, and Retrieval, Face Detection and Recognition, Biomedical Image Analysis, Biometrics and Applications.
