Liquid Crystals and Biological Structures

Liquid Crystals and Biological Structures

Author: Glenn Brown

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2012-12-02

Total Pages: 200

ISBN-13: 0323160301

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Liquid Crystals & Biological Structures covers analogies between biological structures and behavior of living cells to liquid crystalline structures and their behavior. It emphasizes that the physical state of the matter involved in life processes is to a great extent liquid crystalline. The first chapters discuss the physical, chemical, structural, and optical properties of liquid crystals, as well as the structure of the principal molecules associated with life systems. The core chapters cover selected cellular structures exhibiting liquid crystalline behavior to emphasize the nature of various cellular membranes, from the cell membranes to the receptors and effectors. The book also considers differentiated organelles of the cell that are specialized for photoreception, including chloroplasts for photosynthesis, the retinal photoreceptors of the eye, and the rods and cones for visual excitation. This book is suited for students and bioscientists who are interested in the potential of the liquid crystalline state in exploring a variety of biological phenomena.


Structure and Properties of Liquid Crystals

Structure and Properties of Liquid Crystals

Author: Lev M. Blinov

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2010-10-26

Total Pages: 448

ISBN-13: 9048188296

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This book by Lev M. Blinov is ideal to guide researchers from their very first encounter with liquid crystals to the level where they can perform independent experiments on liquid crystals with a thorough understanding of their behaviour also in relation to the theoretical framework. Liquid crystals can be found everywhere around us. They are used in virtually every display device, whether it is for domestic appliances of for specialized technological instruments. Their finely tunable optical properties make them suitable also for thermo-sensing and laser technologies. There are many monographs written by prominent scholars on the subject of liquid crystals. The majority of them presents the subject in great depth, sometimes focusing on a particular research aspect, and in general they require a significant level of prior knowledge. In contrast, this books aims at an audience of advanced undergraduate and graduate students in physics, chemistry and materials science. The book consists of three parts: the first part, on structure, starts from the fundamental principles underlying the structure of liquid crystals, their rich phase behaviour and the methods used to study them; the second part, on physical properties, emphasizes the influence of anisotropy on all aspects of liquid crystals behaviour; the third, focuses on electro-optics, the most important properties from the applications standpoint. This part covers only the main effects and illustrates the underlying principles in greater detail. Professor Lev M. Blinov has had a long carrier as an experimentalist. He made major contributions in the field of ferroelectric mesophases. In 1985 he received the USSR state prize for investigations of electro-optical effects in liquid crystals for spatial light modulators. In 1999 he was awarded the Frederiks medal of the Soviet Liquid Crystal Society and in 2000 he was honoured with the G. Gray silver medal of the British Liquid Crystal Society. He has held many visiting academic positions in universities and laboratories across Europe and in Japan.


Structure of Liquid Crystal Phases

Structure of Liquid Crystal Phases

Author: P. S. Pershan

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 1988

Total Pages: 450

ISBN-13: 9789971507053

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Current understanding of different phases as well as the phase transitions between them has only been achieved following recent theoretical advances on the effects of dimensionality in statistical physics. P S Pershan explains the connection between these two separate areas and gives some examples of problems where the understanding is still not complete. The most important example is the second order phase transition between the nematic and smectic-A phase. Others include the relation between the several hexatic phases that have been observed and the first order restacking transitions between phases that were all previously identified as smectic-B, but which should more properly be identified as crystalline-B. Some relatively recent experimental developments on the discotic phase, liquid crystal surfaces and lyotropic phases are also included. The book includes 41 major reprints of some of the recent seminal work on the structure of liquid crystals. They are introduced by a brief review of the symmetries and other properties of liquid crystalline phases. In addition, there is a discussion of the differences between true liquid crystalline phases and others that were described as liquid crystalline in the early literature, but which have since been shown to be true three-dimensional crystals. The progression from the isotropic fluid, through the nematic, smectic, and various crystalline phases can be understood in terms of a systematic decrease in symmetry, together with an accompanying variation in structure is explained. A guide to the selected reprints and a sort of ?Rosetta Stone? for these various phases is provided. The goal of this book is to explain the systematics of this progression to students and others that are new to this field, as well as to provide a useful handbook for people already working in the field.


Trans Structures: Fluid Architecture and Liquid Engineering

Trans Structures: Fluid Architecture and Liquid Engineering

Author: Matyas Gutai

Publisher: Actar D, Inc.

Published: 2015-01-15

Total Pages: 177

ISBN-13: 1945150491

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Architecture is based upon the misconception that strong is stable, both in sense of energy and structure, as an unchanged state of microclimate would require more material or insulation. Trans-structures are the opposite: building elements with the response-ability to change according to external conditions in order to maintain stability in terms of structure and/or energy. In this type of building, any effect (structural or thermal load) would generate an immediate affect (a response of the structure). Energy and weight would be counteracted and on a total scale, change would not occur. Such buildings are always in transition from one state to another, unlike conventional structures.


Liquid Metals

Liquid Metals

Author: Lei Fu

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2022-03-28

Total Pages: 436

ISBN-13: 3527828184

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An up-to-date exploration of the properties and most recent applications of liquid metals In Liquid Metal: Properties, Mechanisms, and Applications, a pair of distinguished researchers delivers a comprehensive exploration of liquid metals with a strong focus on their structure and physicochemical properties, preparation methods, and tuning strategies. The book also illustrates the applications of liquid metals in fields as varied as mediated synthesis, 3D printing, flexible electronics, biomedicine, energy storage, and energy conversion. The authors include coverage of reactive mediums for synthesizing and assembling nanomaterials and direct-writing electronics, and the book offers access to supplementary video materials to highlight the concepts discussed within. Recent advancements in the field of liquid metals are also discussed, as are new opportunities for research and development in this rapidly developing area. The book also includes: A thorough introduction to the fundamentals of liquid metal, including a history of its discovery, its structure and physical properties, and its preparation Comprehensive explorations of the external field tuning of liquid metal, including electrical, magnetic, and chemical tuning Practical discussions of liquid metal as a new reaction medium, including nanomaterial synthesis and alloy preparation In-depth examinations of constructing techniques of liquid metal-based architectures, including injection, imprinting, and mask-assisted depositing Perfect for materials scientists, electrochemists, and catalytic chemists, Liquid Metal: Properties, Mechanisms, and Applications also belongs in the libraries of inorganic chemists, electronics engineers, and biochemists.


Liquid Crystalline Functional Assemblies and Their Supramolecular Structures

Liquid Crystalline Functional Assemblies and Their Supramolecular Structures

Author: Takashi Kato

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2008-03-06

Total Pages: 243

ISBN-13: 3540778675

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This book presents critical reviews of the present position and future trends in modern chemical research concerned with chemical structure and bonding. It contains short and concise reports, each written by the world's renowned experts. Still valid and useful after 5 or 10 years, more information as well as the electronic version of the whole content is available at: springerlink.com.


Liquid State VIIIB

Liquid State VIIIB

Author: Douglas Henderson

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2012-12-02

Total Pages: 503

ISBN-13: 0323147992

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Physical Chemistry: An Advanced Treatise: Liquid State, Volume VIIIB, deals with simple liquids because the theory is most developed for these liquids. The purpose of this treatise is to present a comprehensive treatment of physical chemistry for advanced students and investigators in a reasonably small number of volumes. An attempt has been made to include all important topics in physical chemistry together with borderline subjects which are of particular interest and importance. The book contains five chapters and begins with a discussion of various theories of mixtures, focusing on binary mixtures of simple, spherical molecules. This is followed by separate chapters on the properties of liquid helium; time-dependent correlation functions; theory of static critical phenomena; and progress in understanding the behavior of transport coefficients near the liquid-gas critical point.


Liquid Crystals

Liquid Crystals

Author: Peter J. Collings

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 242

ISBN-13: 9780691086729

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Liquid Polymorphism, Volume 152

Liquid Polymorphism, Volume 152

Author: H. Eugene Stanley

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2013-04-22

Total Pages: 544

ISBN-13: 1118540379

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The Advances in Chemical Physics series the cutting edge of research in chemical physics The Advances in Chemical Physics series provides the chemical physics and physical chemistry fields with a forum for critical, authoritative evaluations of advances in every area of the discipline. Filled with cutting-edge research reported in a cohesive manner not found elsewhere in the literature, each volume of the Advances in Chemical Physics series presents contributions from internationally renowned chemists and serves as the perfect supplement to any advanced graduate class devoted to the study of chemical physics. This volume explores: Electron Spin Resonance Studies of Supercooled Water Water-like Anomalies of Core-Softened Fluids: Dependence on the Trajectories in (P, ρ, T) Space Water Proton Environment: A New Water Anomaly at Atomic Scale? Polymorphism and Anomalous Melting in Isotropic Fluids Computer Simulations of Liquid Silica: Water-Like Thermodynamic and Dynamic Anomalies, and the Evidence for Polyamorphism