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Semantics : Primes and Universals

Author: Anna Wierzbicka

Publisher: Oxford University Press, UK

Published: 1996-03-28

Total Pages: 518

ISBN-13: 0191588598

This book provides a synthesis of Wierzbicka's theory of meaning, which is based on conceptual primitives and semantic universals, using empirical findings from a wide range of languages. While addressed primarily to linguists, the book deals with highly topical and controversial issues of central importance to several disciplines, including anthropology, psychology, and philosophy. - ;Conceptual primitives and semantic universals are the cornerstones of a semantic theory which Anna Wierzbicka has been developing for many years. Semantics: Primes and Universals is a major synthesis of her work, presenting a full and systematic exposition of that theory in a non-technical and readable way. It delineates a full set of universal concepts, as they have emerged from large-scale investigations across a wide range of languages undertaken by the author and her colleagues. On the basis of empirical cross-linguistic studies it vindicates the old notion of the 'psychic unity of mankind', while at the same time offering a framework for the rigorous description of different languages and cultures. - ;A major synthesis of Anna Wierzbicka's work -

Catalogue of Artificial Intelligence Tools

Author: A. Bundy

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 173

ISBN-13: 3642968686

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The purpose of this catalogue is to promote interaction between members of the AI' community. It will do this by announcing the existence of Ai techniques and portable software. and acting as a pOinter into the literature. Thus the AI community wili have access to a common. extensional definition of the field. which will: promote a common terminology. discourage the reinvention of wheels. and act as a clearing house for ideas and software. The cataiogue is a reference work providing a quick guide to the AI tools available for different jobs. It is not intended to be a textbook like the Artificial Intelligence Handbook. It. intentionally. only provides a brief description of each tool. with no extended discussion of the historical origin of the tool or how it has been used in particular AI programs, The focus is on techniques abstracted from their historical origins. The original version of the catalogue. was hastily built in 1983 as part of the UK SERC-Dol. IKBS. Architecture Study [lKBS Architecture Study 831. it has now been adopted by the SERC Specially Promoted Programme in IKBS and is kept as an on line document undergoing constant revision and refinement and published as a paperback by Springer Verlag.

Semantic Primes and Universal Grammar

Author: Bert Peeters

Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing

Published: 2006-01-01

Total Pages: 392

ISBN-13: 9027230919

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This volume is part of a research program which started with the publication, in 1972, of Anna Wierzbicka's groundbreaking work on Semantic Primitives. The first within the program to focus on a number of typologically similar languages, it proposes a French, Spanish, Portuguese and Italian version of the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) elaborated over the years by Wierzbicka and colleagues. Repetition is avoided through teamwork: a number of authors working on the languages under examination have had equal input in a set of five papers dealing with distinct parts of the metalanguage. Some of the findings presented here invite us to have a fresh look at what has already been achieved, and to amend some of the working hypotheses of the NSM approach accordingly. The volume also contains six case studies (on Italian sfogarsi, Portuguese saudades, Spanish crisis, French certes, Spanish expressions of sincerity and Italian and Spanish diminutives, respectively).

Semantic Primitives

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1972

Total Pages: 260

ISBN-13:

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The Semantics of Grammar

Author: Anna Wierzbicka

Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing

Published: 1988-01-01

Total Pages: 629

ISBN-13: 9027286124

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“The semantics of grammar” presents a radically semantic approach to syntax and morphology. It offers a methodology which makes it possible to demonstrate, on an empirical basis, that syntax is neither “autonomous” nor “arbitrary”, but that it follows from “semantics”. It is shown that every grammatical construction encodes a certain semantic structure, which can be revealed and rigorously stated, so that the meanings encoded in grammar can be compared in a precise and illuminating way, within one language and across language boundaries. The author develops a semantic metalanguage based on lexical universals or near-universals (and, ultimately, on a system of universal semantic primitives), and shows that the same semantic metalanguage can be used for explicating lexical, grammatical and pragmatic aspects of language and thus offers a method for an integrated linguistic description based on semantic foundations. Analyzing data from a number of different languages (including English, Russian and Japanese) the author explores the notion of ethnosyntax and, via semantics, links syntax and morphology with culture. She attemps to demonstrate that the use of a semantic metalanguage based on lexical universals makes it possible to rephrase the Humboldt-Sapir-Whorf hypothesis in such a way that it can be tested and treated as a program for empirical research.

Ten Lectures on Natural Semantic MetaLanguage

Author: Cliff Goddard

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2018-03-20

Total Pages: 373

ISBN-13: 9004357726

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This lively lecture series by a leading expert introduces the theory, practice and application of a versatile, rigorous and well-developed approach to cross-linguistic semantics: the NSM approach originated by Anna Wierzbicka. Topics include: history and philosophy of the study of meaning, semantic primes and molecules, emotions, evaluation, verbs and event structure, cultural key words and scripts. Case studies come from English, Chinese, Danish, and other languages. Applications in language teaching and intercultural education are also covered, along with comparisons between NSM and other leading approaches to linguistic semantics. The book will appeal to students and scholars of linguistics at all levels, communication and translation scholars, and anyone interested in a systematic and non Anglocentric approach to meaning, culture and cognition.

Understanding Semantics

Author: Sebastian Loebner

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2014-04-23

Total Pages: 275

ISBN-13: 1134647158

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This series provides approachable, yet authoritative, introductions to all the major topics in linguistics. Ideal for students with little or no prior knowledge of linguistics, each book carefully explains the basics, emphasising understanding of the essential notions rather than arguing for a particular theoretical position. Understanding Semantics offers a complete introduction to linguistic semantics. The book takes a step-by-step approach, starting with the basic concepts and moving through the central questions to examine the methods and results of the science of linguistic meaning. Understanding Semantics unites the treatment of a broad scale of phenomena using data from different languages with a thorough investigation of major theoretical perspectives. It leads the reader from their intuitive knowledge of meaning to a deeper understanding of the use of scientific reasoning in the study of language as a communicative tool, of the nature of linguistic meaning, and of the scope and limitations of linguistic semantics. Ideal as a first textbook in semantics for undergraduate students of linguistics, this book is also recommended for students of literature, philosophy, psychology and cognitive science.

Semantic Analysis

Author: Cliff Goddard

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 2011-08-04

Total Pages: 512

ISBN-13: 0199560285

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A lively introduction to methods for articulating the meanings of words and sentences, and revealing connections between language and culture. It shows that the study of meaning can be rigorous, insightful, and exciting.