Security Improvement of Power System Via Resilience-oriented Planning and Operation
Security Improvement of Power System Via Resilience-oriented Planning and Operation

Author: Kexing Lai

Publisher:

Published: 2019

Total Pages: 157

ISBN-13:

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In this dissertation, I will discuss methods to mitigate detrimental effects of malicious attacks on electric power systems. My work is motivated by the growing concern over security of electric power delivery due to intentional/terrorist attacks, which imposes urgency to upgrade for resiliency. In the second chapter, I present my research works on hedging against attacks on transmission lines by proposing a resilience-oriented transmission system operation model. I developed a tri-level optimization problem to model interactions between the operator and the attacker. The proposed optimization model will identify the operation strategy allowing for the minimum load shedding with attacks in the worst-case scenario. In the third chapter, I introduce a distributed energy management strategy for a zonal shipboard power system for enhanced resilience against contingencies. A modified nested energy management method is proposed for decentralizing energy scheduling to prevent entire system collapse caused by single-node failure. Furthermore, the system resilience is enhanced against energy deficiency due to generators failures by reserving more energy in the energy storage system. This is achieved by applying a distributed algorithm, known as alternating direction method of multiplier, to coordinate involved operators with contradicting objectives. In the fourth chapter, I provide a solution for the optimal defending resource allocation to mitigate the impacts of coordinated cyber-physical attacks. The coordinated attack involves physical short-circuiting of transmission lines after intruding the communication network of protection relays. A tri-level optimization model is proposed to formulate the coordinated attack scenario and identify the optimal defending strategy. In the fifth chapter, I present a graph theory-based power line expansion strategy for a medium voltage direct current (MVDC) shipboard power system. The proposed strategy simultaneously maximizes the algebraic connectivity and weighted max-flow from generator nodes to load nodes in the graphical representation of the shipboard power system. Finally, I summarize my contributions during my Ph.D. program and provide suggestions for the future research works.

Resiliency of Power Distribution Systems
Resiliency of Power Distribution Systems

Author: Anurag K. Srivastava

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2024-02-05

Total Pages: 405

ISBN-13: 1119418674

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RESILIENCY OF POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS A revolutionary book covering the relevant concepts for resiliency-focused advancements of the distribution power grid Most resiliency and security guidelines for the power industry are focused on power transmission systems. As renewable energy and energy storage increasingly replace fossil-fuel-based power generation over the coming years, geospatially neighboring distributed energy resources will supply a majority of consumers and provide clean power through long transmission lines. These electric power distribution systems—the final stage in the delivery of electric power—carry electricity from the transmission system to individual consumers. New distributed devices will be essential to the grid to manage this variable power generation and enhance reliability and resilience while keeping electricity affordable as the world seeks solutions to climate change and threats from extreme events. In Resiliency of Power Distribution Systems, readers are provided with the tools to understand and enhance resiliency of distribution systems—and thereby, the entire power grid. In a shift from the present design and operation of the power system, the book is focused on improving the grid’s ability to predict, adapt, and respond to all hazards and threats. This, then, acts as a guide to ensure that any incident can be mitigated and responded to promptly and adequately. It also highlights the most advanced and applicable methodologies and architecture frameworks that evaluate degradation, advance proactive action, and transform system behavior to maintain normal operation, under extreme operating conditions. Resiliency of Power Distribution Systems readers will also find: Chapter organization that facilitates quick review of distribution fundamental and easy-but-thorough understanding of the importance of resiliency Real-world case studies where resilient power systems could have prevented massive financial and energy losses Frameworks to help mitigate cyber-physical attacks, strategize response on multiple timescales, and optimize operational efficiencies and priorities for the power grid Resiliency of Power Distribution Systems is a valuable reference for power system professionals including electrical engineers, utility operators, distribution system planners and engineers, and manufacturers, as well as members of the research community, energy market experts and policy makers, and graduate students on electrical engineering courses.

Future Modern Distribution Networks Resilience
Future Modern Distribution Networks Resilience

Author: Mohammad Taghi Ameli

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2024-02-23

Total Pages: 440

ISBN-13: 0443160872

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Future Modern Distribution Networks Resilience examines the combined impact of low-probability and high-impact events on modern distribution systems’ resilience. Using practical guidance, the book provides comprehensive approaches for improving energy systems’ resilience by utilizing infrastructure and operational strategies. Divided in three parts, Part One provides a conceptual introduction and review of power system resilience, including topics such as risk and vulnerability assessment in power systems, resilience metrics, and power systems operation and planning. Part Two discusses modelling of vulnerability and resilience evaluation indices and cost-benefit analysis. Part Three reviews infrastructure and operational strategies to improve power system resilience, including robust grid hardening strategies, mobile energy storage and electric vehicles, and networked microgrids and renewable energy resources. With a strong focus on economic results and cost-effectives, Future Modern Distribution Networks Resilience is a practical reference for students, researchers and engineers interested in power engineering, energy systems, and renewable energy. Reviews related concepts to active distribution systems resilience before, during, and after a sudden disaster Presents analysis of risk and vulnerability for reliable evaluation, sustainable operation, and accurate planning of energy grids against low-probability and high-impact events Highlights applications of practical metrics for resilience assessment of future energy networks Provides guidance for the development of cost-effective resilient techniques for reducing the vulnerability of electrical grids to severe disasters

Enhancing the Resilience of the Nation's Electricity System
Enhancing the Resilience of the Nation's Electricity System

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2017-10-25

Total Pages: 171

ISBN-13: 0309463076

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Americans' safety, productivity, comfort, and convenience depend on the reliable supply of electric power. The electric power system is a complex "cyber-physical" system composed of a network of millions of components spread out across the continent. These components are owned, operated, and regulated by thousands of different entities. Power system operators work hard to assure safe and reliable service, but large outages occasionally happen. Given the nature of the system, there is simply no way that outages can be completely avoided, no matter how much time and money is devoted to such an effort. The system's reliability and resilience can be improved but never made perfect. Thus, system owners, operators, and regulators must prioritize their investments based on potential benefits. Enhancing the Resilience of the Nation's Electricity System focuses on identifying, developing, and implementing strategies to increase the power system's resilience in the face of events that can cause large-area, long-duration outages: blackouts that extend over multiple service areas and last several days or longer. Resilience is not just about lessening the likelihood that these outages will occur. It is also about limiting the scope and impact of outages when they do occur, restoring power rapidly afterwards, and learning from these experiences to better deal with events in the future.

Decision Analysis of Cyber-physical Resilience in Power Systems
Decision Analysis of Cyber-physical Resilience in Power Systems

Author: Tazim Ridwan Billah Kushal

Publisher:

Published: 2021

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Resilience-oriented decision analysis (RODA) of power systems requires improvement of and alternatives to conventional reliability-oriented planning and operation methods, due to multiple factors such as difficulty in modeling high-impact low-frequency events and system-specificity of measures. The increasing importance of computer systems in grid operation has introduced the cyber-physical system paradigm and added another layer of complexity in decision-making. To meet these challenges of electric grid modernization, this dissertation extends conventional methodologies to include RODA, exploring ways of evaluating and enhancing resilience against rare extreme events in a scalable, economic manner. Since the modern power grid can be impact by events in cyberspace as well as physical events, the term "cyber-physical resilience" is used for holistic security assessment. Multiple criteria decision analysis was used to identify and study relevant system attributes and implement redundancy-based countermeasures. Decentralization and autonomous operation were applied to reduce vulnerability to high-impact single-point failures. The work presented in this dissertation applies RODA to realize planning and operation of resilient power systems and lay the groundwork for future development.

Power Systems Resilience
Power Systems Resilience

Author: Naser Mahdavi Tabatabaei

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-08-16

Total Pages: 366

ISBN-13: 3319944428

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This book presents intuitive explanations of the principles and applications of power system resiliency, as well as a number of straightforward and practical methods for the impact analysis of risk events on power system operations. It also describes the challenges of modelling, distribution networks, optimal scheduling, multi-stage planning, deliberate attacks, cyber-physical systems and SCADA-based smart grids, and how to overcome these challenges. Further, it highlights the resiliency issues using various methods, including strengthening the system against high impact events with low frequency and the fast recovery of the system properties. A large number of specialists have collaborated to provide innovative solutions and research in power systems resiliency. They discuss the fundamentals and contemporary materials of power systems resiliency, theoretical and practical issues, as well as current issues and methods for controlling the risk attacks and other threats to AC power systems. The book includes theoretical research, significant results, case studies, and practical implementation processes to offer insights into electric power and engineering and energy systems. Showing how systems should respond in case of malicious attacks, and helping readers to decide on the best approaches, this book is essential reading for electrical engineers, researchers and specialists. The book is also useful as a reference for undergraduate and graduate students studying the resiliency and reliability of power systems.

Powering Through
Powering Through

Author: Alex Rakow

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2023-05-09

Total Pages: 192

ISBN-13: 100084854X

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The threats to the electricity grid are on the rise at the same time as society is increasing its dependence on electricity for every aspect of our personal, social, and economic lives. We are accelerating that dependence – looking to the electrification of transportation and buildings as a way to stem the threats of climate change. Those threats have now arrived (in the form of more extreme weather, droughts, and wildfire) and they are joined by increasing threats from an aging grid and cyberattacks. The grid we rely on is experiencing increasingly vulnerable external forces. We aren’t helpless. Effective planning around these threats can dramatically reduce the havoc they engender on the electric grid. At every level, from a single building, to a city, to the electric grid and the federal government, steps can be taken to improve our resilience to threats to the electricity system. When those efforts are coordinated, their benefits multiply. This book aims to provide every level of decision-maker with tools and best practices for reducing the risk of and from electricity loss. It is written in non-technical language, with a focus on actionable, easily implemented steps.

The Resilience of the Electric Power Delivery System in Response to Terrorism and Natural Disasters
The Resilience of the Electric Power Delivery System in Response to Terrorism and Natural Disasters

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2013-10-22

Total Pages: 61

ISBN-13: 0309293987

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The Resilience of the Electric Power Delivery System in Response to Terrorism and Natural Disasters is the summary of a workshop convened in February 2013 as a follow-up to the release of the National Research Council report Terrorism and the Electric Power Delivery System. That report had been written in 2007 for the Department of Homeland Security, but publication was delayed because of security concerns. While most of the committee's findings were still relevant, many developments affecting vulnerability had occurred in the interval. The 2013 workshop was a discussion of the committee\'s results, what had changed in recent years, and how lessons learned about the grid's resilience to terrorism could be applied to other threats to the grid resulting from natural disasters. The purpose was not to translate the entire report into the present, but to focus on key issues relevant to making the grid sufficiently robust that it could handle inevitable failures without disastrous impact. The workshop focused on five key areas: physical vulnerabilities of the grid; cybersecurity; mitigation and response to outages; community resilience and the provision of critical services; and future technologies and policies that could enhance the resilience of the electric power delivery system. The electric power transmission and distribution system (the grid) is an extraordinarily complex network of wires, transformers, and associated equipment and control software designed to transmit electricity from where it is generated, usually in centralized power plants, to commercial, residential, and industrial users. Because the U.S. infrastructure has become increasingly dependent on electricity, vulnerabilities in the grid have the potential to cascade well beyond whether the lights turn on, impacting among other basic services such as the fueling infrastructure, the economic system, and emergency services. The Resilience of the Electric Power Delivery System in Response to Terrorism and Natural Disasters discusses physical vulnerabilities and the cybersecurity of the grid, ways in which communities respond to widespread outages and how to minimize these impacts, the grid of tomorrow, and how resilience can be encouraged and built into the grid in the future.

Risk-Based Planning and Operation Strategy Towards Short Circuit Resilient Power Systems
Risk-Based Planning and Operation Strategy Towards Short Circuit Resilient Power Systems

Author: Chengjin Ye

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2023-03-01

Total Pages: 189

ISBN-13: 981199725X

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This book focuses on the comprehensive prevention and control methods for short-circuit faults in power systems. Based on the quantification method of power system short-circuit fault risk considering extreme meteorological disasters, this book carries out theoretical research on optimal control of power system short-circuit faults at the planning and operation levels. The establishment of a comprehensive index system for short-circuit safety level of large power grids from several sides and the realization of a panoramic display of consequences of short-circuit faults in power grids are one of the features of this book, which are especially suitable for readers interested in learning about short-circuit fault solutions in power systems. This book can benefit researchers, engineers, and graduate students in the fields of electrical engineering, power electronics, and energy engineering.

Parallel Optimization Based Operational Planning to Enhance the Resilience of Large-scale Power Systems
Parallel Optimization Based Operational Planning to Enhance the Resilience of Large-scale Power Systems

Author: Lin Gong

Publisher:

Published: 2020

Total Pages: 124

ISBN-13:

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The resilience of power systems is attracting extensive attention in recent years and needs to be further enhanced in the future, as potential threats from severe events such as extreme weather, geomagnetic storm, as well as extended fuel disruption, which are not easy to be quantified, predicted, or anticipated, are still challenging the modern power industry. To increase the resilience, proper operational planning considering potential impacts of severe events could effectively enable power systems to prepare for, operate through, and recover from those events and mitigate their negative economic, social, and humanitarian consequences by fully deploying existing system resources and operational measures. In this dissertation, operational planning problems in the bulk power system considering potential threats from severe events are focused, including the co-optimization of security-constrained unit commitment and transmission switching with consideration of transmission line outages probably caused by severe weather events, the security-constrained optimal power flow under potential impacts from geomagnetic storms, and the optimal operational planning to prevent electricity-natural gas systems from possible risks of natural gas supply disruptions. Notice that systematic, comprehensive, and consistent operational strategies should be conducted across the entire system to achieve superior resilience enhancement solution, which, along with increased size and complexity of modern energy systems, makes the proposed operational planning problems mathematically large-size and computationally complex optimization problems, and practically difficult to solve, especially when comprehensive operational measures and resourceful components are incorporated. In order to tackle such a challenge, the parallel optimization based approaches are developed in the proposed research, which fully decompose an originally large and complex problem into multiple independent small subproblems, simultaneously solve them in a fully parallel manner on scalable multiple-core computing platforms, and iteratively coordinate their results by using mathematical programming methods to achieve optimal solutions that satisfy engineering requirements of power system operations in practice. As a result, by efficiently solving optimal operational planning problems of large-scale power systems, their secure and economic operations in the presence of severe events like hurricanes, geomagnetic storms, and natural gas supply disruptions can be ensured, which indicates the resilience of power systems is effectively enhanced.