An investigation of secondary-flow loss cores originating in turbine nozzle blade passages was conducted by means of flow visualization studies and detailed flow measurements. The degree of which blade surface velocity profiles affect the magnitude and concentration of loss cores was investigated by comparing three nozzle blade configurations.
An introduction to the theory and engineering practice that underpins the component design and analysis of radial flow turbocompressors. Drawing upon an extensive theoretical background and years of practical experience, the authors provide descriptions of applications, concepts, component design, analysis tools, performance maps, flow stability, and structural integrity, with illustrative examples. Features wide coverage of all types of radial compressor over many applications unified by the consistent use of dimensional analysis. Discusses the methods needed to analyse the performance, flow, and mechanical integrity that underpin the design of efficient centrifugal compressors with good flow range and stability. Includes explanation of the design of all radial compressor components, including inlet guide vanes, impellers, diffusers, volutes, return channels, de-swirl vanes and side-streams. Suitable as a reference for advanced students of turbomachinery, and a perfect tool for practising mechanical and aerospace engineers already within the field and those just entering it.
This book explores the working principles of all kinds of turbomachines. The same theoretical framework is used to analyse the different machine types. Fundamentals are first presented and theoretical concepts are then elaborated for particular machine types, starting with the simplest ones.For each machine type, the author strikes a balance between building basic understanding and exploring knowledge of practical aspects. Readers are invited through challenging exercises to consider how the theory applies to particular cases and how it can be generalised. The book is primarily meant as a course book. It teaches fundamentals and explores applications. It will appeal to senior undergraduate and graduate students in mechanical engineering and to professional engineers seeking to understand the operation of turbomachines. Readers will gain a fundamental understanding of turbomachines. They will also be able to make a reasoned choice of turbomachine for a particular application and to understand its operation. Basic design of the simplest turbomachines as a centrifugal fan, an axial steam turbine or a centrifugal pump, is also possible using the topics covered in the book.
Flow-visualization techniques are employed to ascertain the streamline patterns of the nonpotential, secondary flows in the boundary layers of cascades, thereby providing a basis for more extended analyses in turbomachines. The three-dimensional deflection of the end-wall boundary layer results in the formation of a vortex well up in each cascade passage. The size and tightness of the vortex generated depend upon the main flow turning in the cascade passage. Once formed, a vortex resists turning in subsequent blade rows. This results in unfavorable angles of attack and possible flow disturbances on the pressure surfaces of subsequent blade rows when the vortices impinge on these surfaces.
Hydrodynamics of Pumps is a reference for pump experts and a textbook for advanced students. It examines the fluid dynamics of liquid turbomachines, particularly pumps, focusing on special problems and design issues associated with the flow of liquid through a rotating machine. There are two characteristics of a liquid that lead to problems and cause a significantly different set of concerns than those in gas turbines. These are the potential for cavitation and the high density of liquids, which enhances the possibility of damaging, unsteady flows and forces. The book begins with an introduction to the subject, including cavitation, unsteady flows and turbomachinery, basic pump design and performance principles. Chapter topics include flow features, cavitation parameters and inception, bubble dynamics, cavitation effects on pump performance, and unsteady flows and vibration in pumps - discussed in the three final chapters. The book is richly illustrated and includes many practical examples.
A newly updated and expanded edition that combines theory and applications of turbomachinery while covering several different types of turbomachinery In mechanical engineering, turbomachinery describes machines that transfer energy between a rotor and a fluid, including turbines, compressors, and pumps. Aiming for a unified treatment of the subject matter, with consistent notation and concepts, this new edition of a highly popular book provides all new information on turbomachinery, and includes 50% more exercises than the previous edition. It allows readers to easily move from a study of the most successful textbooks on thermodynamics and fluid dynamics to the subject of turbomachinery. The book also builds concepts systematically as progress is made through each chapter so that the user can progress at their own pace. Principles of Turbomachinery, 2nd Edition provides comprehensive coverage of everything readers need to know, including chapters on: thermodynamics, compressible flow, and principles of turbomachinery analysis. The book also looks at steam turbines, axial turbines, axial compressors, centrifugal compressors and pumps, radial inflow turbines, hydraulic turbines, hydraulic transmission of power, and wind turbines. New chapters on droplet laden flows of steam and oblique shocks help make this an incredibly current and well-rounded resource for students and practicing engineers. Includes 50% more exercises than the previous edition Uses MATLAB or GNU/OCTAVE for all the examples and exercises for which computer calculations are needed, including those for steam Allows for a smooth transition from the study of thermodynamics, fluid dynamics, and heat transfer to the subject of turbomachinery for students and professionals Organizes content so that more difficult material is left to the later sections of each chapter, allowing instructors to customize and tailor their courses for their students Principles of Turbomachinery is an excellent book for students and professionals in mechanical, chemical, and aeronautical engineering.
During the past three decades advances have been made in the fluid dynamic and thermodynamic design and understanding of radial flow turbomachines. Radial turbomachines possess their own distinctive characteristics, and present the engineer with as full a range of complexities as any fluid flow problem. This book describes the current technology and design methods for centrifugal compressors and radial turbines working in compressible flow. These are of particular relevance to gas turbine engines, internal combustion engine turbochargers, process compressors and cryogenic expanders. The aerodynamic design of the turbomachine is preliminary design to the specification of blade forms and computational fluid dynamic analysis of vane and blade passage flows. The treatment throughout is modern, with full recognition of current computer-aided design methods. However throughout the book a clear separation is made between the fundamental gas dynamics and the empiricism necessary to close the gap between theory and practice in situations of such complexity. Computer program listings for preliminary design are included. The problems posed by specific applications are dealt with in details: for example, techniques for the suppression of surge in centrifugal compressors and a consequent widening of the operating range, and the problems of pulse operation of radial turbines as encountered in turbocharger applications. The book contains comprehensive surveys of the literature in all these fields.
In this study, turbulent flow in a curved channel of square cross section was investigated experimentally to determine secondary flow effects. Probe surveys were conducted to establish vortex and total pressure loss distribution in the exit plane of a 90 degree bend. Overall losses were determined by measuring the momentum of the flow with a force plate for different Reynolds numbers at turning angles of 0 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees, and 135 degrees. (Author).
