Scalability of Superconducting Qubits for Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum Computers
Scalability of Superconducting Qubits for Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum Computers

Author: Ananyo Banerjee

Publisher:

Published: 2023

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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In the evolving landscape of quantum computing, the emergence of quantum computers in the Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) regime marks a significant stride. Superconducting qubits have garnered popularity in both academic and industrial groups. However, the journey towards achieving a large-scale, fully error-corrected quantum computer faces challenges. This thesis addresses some of these challenges within an academic setup. One prominent challenge with superconducting qubits is Purcell decay. This work aims to tackle the issue by delving into the implementation of on-chip Purcell filters with Transmon qubits. The overarching goal is to pave the way for further scalability by ensuring compatibility of these designs with scalability plans. The thesis also introduces novel architectures for superconducting qudit processors, focusing on their already presented implementation in 3D cavities. Efforts are directed towards transitioning these processors to a planar platform for enhanced scalability. The coupling of these processors to environment is explored using coplanar waveguides, with the system's physics governed by the principles of circuit quantum electrodynamics. Finally, the thesis also delves into the packaging of planar qubit devices, aiming to facilitate easy scalability. This platform enables interfacing the devices with control equipment, shielding from stray fields, and offers the essential thermal link to the dilution refrigerator where they are housed. Each section of the thesis presents results emphasizing potential areas for improvement and refinement of the systems.

Quantum Computer Systems
Quantum Computer Systems

Author: Yongshan Ding

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2022-05-31

Total Pages: 203

ISBN-13: 303101765X

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This book targets computer scientists and engineers who are familiar with concepts in classical computer systems but are curious to learn the general architecture of quantum computing systems. It gives a concise presentation of this new paradigm of computing from a computer systems' point of view without assuming any background in quantum mechanics. As such, it is divided into two parts. The first part of the book provides a gentle overview on the fundamental principles of the quantum theory and their implications for computing. The second part is devoted to state-of-the-art research in designing practical quantum programs, building a scalable software systems stack, and controlling quantum hardware components. Most chapters end with a summary and an outlook for future directions. This book celebrates the remarkable progress that scientists across disciplines have made in the past decades and reveals what roles computer scientists and engineers can play to enable practical-scale quantum computing.

Towards a Scalable Quantum Computing Platform in the Ultrastrong Coupling Regime
Towards a Scalable Quantum Computing Platform in the Ultrastrong Coupling Regime

Author: Thi Ha Kyaw

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2019-06-04

Total Pages: 116

ISBN-13: 3030196585

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This thesis devotes three introductory chapters to outlining basic recipes for constructing the quantum Hamiltonian of an arbitrary superconducting circuit, starting from classical circuit design. Since a superconducting circuit is one of the most promising platforms for realizing a practical quantum computer, anyone who is starting out in the field will benefit greatly from this introduction. The second focus of the introduction is the ultrastrong light-matter interaction (USC), where the latest developments are described. This is followed by three main research works comprising quantum memory in USC; scaling up the 1D circuit to a 2D lattice configuration; creation of Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum era quantum error correction codes and polariton-mediated qubit-qubit interaction. The research work detailed in this thesis will make a major contribution to the development of quantum random access memory, a prerequisite for various quantum machine learning algorithms and applications.​

Quantum Computing
Quantum Computing

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2019-04-27

Total Pages: 273

ISBN-13: 030947969X

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Quantum mechanics, the subfield of physics that describes the behavior of very small (quantum) particles, provides the basis for a new paradigm of computing. First proposed in the 1980s as a way to improve computational modeling of quantum systems, the field of quantum computing has recently garnered significant attention due to progress in building small-scale devices. However, significant technical advances will be required before a large-scale, practical quantum computer can be achieved. Quantum Computing: Progress and Prospects provides an introduction to the field, including the unique characteristics and constraints of the technology, and assesses the feasibility and implications of creating a functional quantum computer capable of addressing real-world problems. This report considers hardware and software requirements, quantum algorithms, drivers of advances in quantum computing and quantum devices, benchmarks associated with relevant use cases, the time and resources required, and how to assess the probability of success.

Domestic Manufacturing Capabilities for Critical DoD Applications
Domestic Manufacturing Capabilities for Critical DoD Applications

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2019-12-21

Total Pages: 109

ISBN-13: 0309494761

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Recent advancements in quantum-enabled systems present a variety of new opportunities and challenges. These technologies are important developments for a variety of computing, communications, and sensing applications. However, many materials and components relevant to quantum-enabled systems exist outside of the United States, and it is important to promote the development of assured domestic sources of materials, manufacturing capabilities, and expertise. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a 2-day workshop to explore implications and concerns related to the application of quantum-enabled systems in the United States. This workshop focused on quantum-enabled computing systems, quantum communications and networks, and quantum sensing opportunities. Participants explored the path to quantum computing, communications, and networks, opportunities for collaboration, as well as key gaps, supply chain concerns, and security issues. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Scalable Quantum Computers
Scalable Quantum Computers

Author: Samuel L. Braunstein

Publisher: Wiley-VCH

Published: 2001-03-12

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9783527403219

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Quantum computers hold the promise of solving problems that would otherwise be intractable with conventional computers. Some prototypes of the simplest elements needed to build a quantum computer have already been implemented in the laboratory. The efforts now concentrate on combining these elements into scalable systems. In addition, alternative routes to creating large scale quantum computers are continuously being developed. This volume gives a cross-section of recent achievements in both the theory and the practical realization of quantum computing devices. Samuel L. Braunstein (Reader, University of Wales, Bangor, and editor of the book "Quantum Computing - Where do we want to go tomorrow") and Hoi-Kwong Lo (Chief Scientist, MagiQ Technologies, Inc., NY) invited experts across many disciplines involved in the development of quantum computers to review their proposals in a manner accessible to the non-expert. Breaking with tradition, this book not only contains proposals, but a set of independent expert evaluations of these ideas as well. As a by-product this volume facilitates a comparison between the widely varying disciplines covered, including: ion traps, cavity quantum electrodynamics, nuclear magnetic resonance, optical lattices, quantum dots, silicon systems, superconductivity and electrons on helium.

Supervised Learning with Quantum Computers
Supervised Learning with Quantum Computers

Author: Maria Schuld

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-08-30

Total Pages: 293

ISBN-13: 3319964240

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Quantum machine learning investigates how quantum computers can be used for data-driven prediction and decision making. The books summarises and conceptualises ideas of this relatively young discipline for an audience of computer scientists and physicists from a graduate level upwards. It aims at providing a starting point for those new to the field, showcasing a toy example of a quantum machine learning algorithm and providing a detailed introduction of the two parent disciplines. For more advanced readers, the book discusses topics such as data encoding into quantum states, quantum algorithms and routines for inference and optimisation, as well as the construction and analysis of genuine ``quantum learning models''. A special focus lies on supervised learning, and applications for near-term quantum devices.

Principles of Superconducting Quantum Computers
Principles of Superconducting Quantum Computers

Author: Daniel D. Stancil

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2022-04-19

Total Pages: 388

ISBN-13: 1119750741

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Explore the intersection of computer science, physics, and electrical and computer engineering with this discussion of the engineering of quantum computers In Principles of Superconducting Quantum Computers, a pair of distinguished researchers delivers a comprehensive and insightful discussion of the building of quantum computing hardware and systems. Bridging the gaps between computer science, physics, and electrical and computer engineering, the book focuses on the engineering topics of devices, circuits, control, and error correction. Using data from actual quantum computers, the authors illustrate critical concepts from quantum computing. Questions and problems at the end of each chapter assist students with learning and retention, while the text offers descriptions of fundamentals concepts ranging from the physics of gates to quantum error correction techniques. The authors provide efficient implementations of classical computations, and the book comes complete with a solutions manual and demonstrations of many of the concepts discussed within. It also includes: A thorough introduction to qubits, gates, and circuits, including unitary transformations, single qubit gates, and controlled (two qubit) gates Comprehensive explorations of the physics of single qubit gates, including the requirements for a quantum computer, rotations, two-state systems, and Rabi oscillations Practical discussions of the physics of two qubit gates, including tunable qubits, SWAP gates, controlled-NOT gates, and fixed frequency qubits In-depth examinations of superconducting quantum computer systems, including the need for cryogenic temperatures, transmission lines, S parameters, and more Ideal for senior-level undergraduate and graduate students in electrical and computer engineering programs, Principles of Superconducting Quantum Computers also deserves a place in the libraries of practicing engineers seeking a better understanding of quantum computer systems.

Algorithms for Noisy Quantum Computers and Techniques for Error Mitigation
Algorithms for Noisy Quantum Computers and Techniques for Error Mitigation

Author: Ryan LaRose

Publisher:

Published: 2022

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Quantum computation will likely provide significant advantages relative to classical architectures for certain computational problems in number theory and physics, and potentially in other areas such as optimization and machine learning. While some key theoretical and engineering problems remain to be solved, experimental advances in recent years have demonstrated the first beyond-classical quantum computation as well as the first experiments in error-corrected quantum computation. In this thesis, we focus on quantum computers with around one hundred qubits that can implement around one thousand operations, the so-called noisy-intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) regime or kilo-scale quantum (KSQ) regime, and develop algorithms tailored to these devices as well as techniques for error mitigation that require significantly less overhead than fault-tolerant quantum computation. In the first part, we develop quantum algorithms for diagonalizing quantum states (density matrices) and compiling quantum circuits. These algorithms use a quantum computer to evaluate a cost function which is classically hard to compute and a classical computer to adjust parameters of an ansatz circuit, similar to the variational principle in quantum mechanics and other variational quantum algorithms for chemistry and optimization. In the second part, we extend an error mitigation technique known as zero-noise extrapolation and introduce a new framework for error mitigation which we call logical shadow tomography. In particular, we adapt zero-noise extrapolation (ZNE) to the gate model and introduce new methods for noise scaling and (adaptive) extrapolation. Further, we analyze ZNE in the presence of time-correlated noise and experimentally show ZNE increases the effective quantum volume of various quantum computers. Finally, we develop a simple framework for error mitigation that enables (the composition of) several error mitigation techniques with significantly fewer resources than prior methods, and numerically show the advantages of our framework.

Fundamentals of Quantum Computing
Fundamentals of Quantum Computing

Author: Venkateswaran Kasirajan

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-06-21

Total Pages: 463

ISBN-13: 3030636895

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This introductory book on quantum computing includes an emphasis on the development of algorithms. Appropriate for both university students as well as software developers interested in programming a quantum computer, this practical approach to modern quantum computing takes the reader through the required background and up to the latest developments. Beginning with introductory chapters on the required math and quantum mechanics, Fundamentals of Quantum Computing proceeds to describe four leading qubit modalities and explains the core principles of quantum computing in detail. Providing a step-by-step derivation of math and source code, some of the well-known quantum algorithms are explained in simple ways so the reader can try them either on IBM Q or Microsoft QDK. The book also includes a chapter on adiabatic quantum computing and modern concepts such as topological quantum computing and surface codes. Features: o Foundational chapters that build the necessary background on math and quantum mechanics. o Examples and illustrations throughout provide a practical approach to quantum programming with end-of-chapter exercises. o Detailed treatment on four leading qubit modalities -- trapped-ion, superconducting transmons, topological qubits, and quantum dots -- teaches how qubits work so that readers can understand how quantum computers work under the hood and devise efficient algorithms and error correction codes. Also introduces protected qubits - 0-π qubits, fluxon parity protected qubits, and charge-parity protected qubits. o Principles of quantum computing, such as quantum superposition principle, quantum entanglement, quantum teleportation, no-cloning theorem, quantum parallelism, and quantum interference are explained in detail. A dedicated chapter on quantum algorithm explores both oracle-based, and Quantum Fourier Transform-based algorithms in detail with step-by-step math and working code that runs on IBM QisKit and Microsoft QDK. Topics on EPR Paradox, Quantum Key Distribution protocols, Density Matrix formalism, and Stabilizer formalism are intriguing. While focusing on the universal gate model of quantum computing, this book also introduces adiabatic quantum computing and quantum annealing. This book includes a section on fault-tolerant quantum computing to make the discussions complete. The topics on Quantum Error Correction, Surface codes such as Toric code and Planar code, and protected qubits help explain how fault tolerance can be built at the system level.