Papers presented at the 7th in a series of interdisciplinary conferences on safety and security engineering are contained in this book. The papers include the work of engineers, scientists, field researchers, managers and other specialists involved in one or more of the theoretical and practical aspects of safety and security. Safety and Security Engineering, due to its special nature, is an interdisciplinary area of research and application that brings together in a systematic way, many disciplines of engineering, from the traditional to the most technologically advanced. This volume covers topics such as crisis management, security engineering, natural and man-made disasters and emergencies, risk management, and control, protection and mitigation issues. Specific themes include: Risk analysis, assessment and management; System safety engineering; Incident monitoring; Information and communication security; Disaster management; Emergency response; Critical infrastructure protection; Counter terrorism issues; Human factors; Transportation safety and security; Modelling and experiments; Security surveillance systems; Cyber security / E security; Loss prevention; BIM in Safety and Security.
This book contains the proceedings of the sixth in a series of interdisciplinary conferences on safety and security engineering. The papers from the biennial conference, first held in 2005, include the work of engineers, scientists, field researchers, managers and other specialists involved in one or more aspects of safety and security. The papers presented cover areas such as: Risk Analysis; Assessment and Management; System Safety Engineering; Incident Management; Information and Communication Security; Natural Disaster Management; Emergency Response; Critical Infrastructure Protection; Public Safety and Security; Human Factors; Transportation Safety and Security; Modelling and Experiments; Security Surveillance Systems.
A new approach to safety, based on systems thinking, that is more effective, less costly, and easier to use than current techniques. Engineering has experienced a technological revolution, but the basic engineering techniques applied in safety and reliability engineering, created in a simpler, analog world, have changed very little over the years. In this groundbreaking book, Nancy Leveson proposes a new approach to safety—more suited to today's complex, sociotechnical, software-intensive world—based on modern systems thinking and systems theory. Revisiting and updating ideas pioneered by 1950s aerospace engineers in their System Safety concept, and testing her new model extensively on real-world examples, Leveson has created a new approach to safety that is more effective, less expensive, and easier to use than current techniques. Arguing that traditional models of causality are inadequate, Leveson presents a new, extended model of causation (Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes, or STAMP), then shows how the new model can be used to create techniques for system safety engineering, including accident analysis, hazard analysis, system design, safety in operations, and management of safety-critical systems. She applies the new techniques to real-world events including the friendly-fire loss of a U.S. Blackhawk helicopter in the first Gulf War; the Vioxx recall; the U.S. Navy SUBSAFE program; and the bacterial contamination of a public water supply in a Canadian town. Leveson's approach is relevant even beyond safety engineering, offering techniques for “reengineering” any large sociotechnical system to improve safety and manage risk.
This book reports on cutting-edge findings and developments in physical, social and occupational ergonomics. It covers a broad spectrum of studies and evaluation procedures concerning physical and mental workload, work posture and ergonomic risk. Further, it reports on significant advances in the design of services and systems, including those addressing special populations, for purposes such as health, safety and education, and discusses solutions for a better and safer integration of humans, automated systems and digital technologies. The book also analyzes the impact of culture on people’s cognition and behavior, providing readers with timely insights into theories on cross-cultural decision-making, and their diverse applications for a number of purposes in businesses and societies. Based on the AHFE 2021 conferences on Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors, Social & Occupational Ergonomics, and Cross-Cultural Decision Making, held virtually on 25–29 July, 2021, from USA, it provides readers with a comprehensive overview of the current challenges in physical, social and occupational ergonomics, including those imposed by technological developments, highlights key connections between them, and puts forward optimization strategies for sociotechnical systems, including their organizational structures, policies and processes.
Research presented at the 7th International Conference on Disaster Management and Human Health: Reducing Risk, Improving Outcomes is contained in this volume. These contributions from academics and experts focus on public health, security and disaster management with the goal to assess the potential risk from various types of disaster and highlight ways to prevent or alleviate any damage. There is a need for academia and practitioners to exchange knowledge and experience on the way to handle the increasing risk of natural and human-made disasters. Recent major earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes, floods and other natural phenomena have resulted in huge losses in terms of human life and property destruction. A new range of human-made disasters have afflicted humanity in modern times; terrorist activities have been added to more classical disasters such as those due to the failure of industrial installations for instance. It is important to understand the nature of these global risks to be able to develop strategies to prepare for these events and plan effective responses in terms of disaster management and the associated human health impacts. The papers included in this volume cover such topics as Disaster analysis; Disaster monitoring and mitigation; Emergency preparedness; Risk mitigation; Security decision making; Community recovery and resilience; Socio-economic issues; Public health risk; Disaster psychology; Human factors; Multi-hazard risk assessment; Crisis and communication; Learning from disasters; Terrorism and man-made disasters; Business and service continuity; Disaster risk reduction (DRR); New technologies and tools for disaster evaluation; Disaster governance policies; Environmental issues; Recovery and restoration; Disaster modelling; Surveillance and remote sensing; Disaster response.
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the International Workshop on Interplay of Security, Safety and System/Software Architecture, CSITS 2018, and the International Workshop on Cyber Security for Intelligent Transportation Systems, ISSA 2018, held in Barcelona, Spain, in September 2018, in conjunction with the 23rd European Symposium on Research in Computer Security, ESORICS 2018. The ISSA 2018 workshop received 10 submissions from which 3 full papers and 1 short paper were accepted. They cover topics such as software security engineering, domain-specific security and privacy architectures, and automative security. In addition, an invited paper on safety and security co-engineering intertwining is included. The CSITS 2018 workshop received 9 submissions from which 5 full papers and 1 short paper were accepted. The selected papers deal with car security and aviation security.
Ransomware is a type of malicious software that prevents victims from accessing their computers and the information they have stored. Typically, victims are required to pay a ransom, usually using cryptocurrency, such as Bitcoin, to regain access. Ransomware attacks pose a significant threat to national security, and there has been a substantial increase in such attacks in the post-Covid era. In response to these threats, large enterprises have begun implementing better cybersecurity practices, such as deploying data loss prevention mechanisms and improving backup strategies. However, cybercriminals have developed a hybrid variant called Ransomware 2.0. In this variation, sensitive data is stolen before being encrypted, allowing cybercriminals to publicly release the information if the ransom is not paid. Cybercriminals also take advantage of cryptocurrency’s anonymity and untraceability. Ransomware 3.0 is an emerging threat in which cybercriminals target critical infrastructures and tamper with the data stored on computing devices. Unlike in traditional ransomware attacks, cybercriminals are more interested in the actual data on the victims’ devices, particularly from critical enterprises such as government, healthcare, education, defense, and utility providers. State-based cyber actors are more interested in disrupting critical infrastructures rather than seeking financial benefits via cryptocurrency. Additionally, these sophisticated cyber actors are also interested in obtaining trade secrets and gathering confidential information. It is worth noting that the misinformation caused by ransomware attacks can severely impact critical infrastructures and can serve as a primary weapon in information warfare in today’s age. In recent events, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine led to several countries retaliating against Russia. A ransomware group threatened cyber-attacks on the critical infrastructure of these countries. Experts warned that this could be the most widespread ransomware gang globally and is linked to a trend of Russian hackers supporting the Kremlin’s ideology. Ensuring cyber safety from ransomware attacks has become a national security priority for many nations across the world. The evolving variants of ransomware attacks present a wider and more challenging threat landscape, highlighting the need for collaborative work throughout the entire cyber ecosystem value chain. In response to this evolving threat, a book addressing the challenges associated with ransomware is very timely. This book aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the evolution, trends, techniques, impact on critical infrastructures and national security, countermeasures, and open research directions in this area. It will serve as a valuable source of knowledge on the topic.
This book contains the papers presented at two conferences organized by the Wessex Institute of Technology. The first conference is the Seventh International Conference on Computer Simulation in Risk Analysis and Hazard Mitigation, being held in Algarve, Portugal, September 13-15. This biennial conference is the latest in a successful series that began in 1998 and that includes many practical applications, demonstrating how to analyze and manage risk and mitigate hazards. The applications cover man-made as well as natural hazards, the importance of which is becoming increasingly evident in our modern world. These problems have become a priority for all governments, as well as a cause for public concern. The second conference is the Fifth International Conference on Prevention, Assessment, Rehabilitation and Development of Brownfield Sites, also being held in Algarve, September 14-16. The biennial conference was first held in 2002 and covers the challenges the public and private sectors must face in seeking to reuse brownfield sites and to capitalize on the opportunities.
Containing research on sustainable urban redevelopment presented at the latest in a biennial series organised by the Wessex Institute of Technology, this book addresses an area of growing interest. The conference series was first held in 2000. These proceedings are split into two volumes. Urban areas produce a series of environmental challenges arising from the consumption of natural resources and the consequent generation of waste and pollution, contributing to the development of social and economic imbalances. All these problems, which continue to grow in our society, require the development of new solutions. Topics include: Volume I – Urban Strategies; Eco-town Planning; Planning, development and management; Planning, development and management for urban conservation and regeneration; Case studies; Landscape planning and design; Environmental management; Intelligent environments and emerging technologies. Volume II – Sustainable energy and the city; Waterfront developments; The community and the city; Quality of life; Cultural heritage issues; Transportation; Planning for risk; Planning for risk; Transport models in emergency conditions; Industrial wastes as raw materials; Waste management; Safety and security; The city heritage.
This first-of-its-kind resource offers a broad and detailed understanding of software systems engineering from both security and safety perspectives. Addressing the overarching issues related to safeguarding public data and intellectual property, the book defines such terms as systems engineering, software engineering, security, and safety as precisely as possible, making clear the many distinctions, commonalities, and interdependencies among various disciplines. You explore the various approaches to risk and the generation and analysis of appropriate metrics. This unique book explains how processes relevant to the creation and operation of software systems should be determined and improved, how projects should be managed, and how products can be assured. You learn the importance of integrating safety and security into the development life cycle. Additionally, this practical volume helps identify what motivators and deterrents can be put in place in order to implement the methods that have been recommended.
