Research Work for Frequency Temperature Compensation Techniques for Quartz Crystal Oscillators

Research Work for Frequency Temperature Compensation Techniques for Quartz Crystal Oscillators

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1964

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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The purpose of this project is to evolve a practical approach to the temperature compensation of quartz crystal oscillators. The study will be concentrated on a nominal frequency of five megacycles, but will be generally applicable to AT cut quartz crystals of from 1 to 20 megacycles. The use of graphical analysis for TCXO design is discussed. The results of this investigation show that a graphical analysis will not be useable for very accurate compensation because of resolution and parameters that cannot be taken into account with graphs. The techniques for determining compensation networks are discussed. A new technique is described where diodes are used in conjunction with thermistor-resistor networks. The 5 x 10 to the minus 8th power, Group III, TCXO's are discussed. Results of the first compensation attempts are given. The compensation networks and techniques used are presented. (Author).


Research Work for Frequency Temperature Compensation Techniques for Quartz Crystal Oscillators in Conjunction with Signal Corps Technical Requirements Scl-6610b Dated 9 September 1963

Research Work for Frequency Temperature Compensation Techniques for Quartz Crystal Oscillators in Conjunction with Signal Corps Technical Requirements Scl-6610b Dated 9 September 1963

Author: BENDIX CORP DAVENPORT IA PIONEER-CENTRAL DIV.

Publisher:

Published: 1964

Total Pages: 36

ISBN-13:

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A computer program is presented that was successfully used to determine thermistor-resistor compensation networks. Examples are given and results of synthesizing a number of compensation networks are given. The computer program will solve for the thermistor-resistor values in the compensation network, the R1/R2 ratio of the network at all temperatures of interest; the error in R1/R2 of the synthesized network compared to the required R1/R2 ratio; and the resultant expected frequency error at each temperature. (Author).


Frequency Temperature Compensation Techniques for Quartz Crystal Oscillators

Frequency Temperature Compensation Techniques for Quartz Crystal Oscillators

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1966

Total Pages: 61

ISBN-13:

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This work involves development of circuit techniques for the frequency temperature compensation of three quartz crystal oscillator groups. Development of a linearized network approach has led to the generation of three separate computer programs. The three programs offer varying degrees of compensation, based on increasing circuit complexity. Successful application of these programs has been made in compensating the Group II oscillators. In conjunction with the programming effort, a preliminary investigation has been made to determine the effects of component tolerances on compensation. The Group II oscillator design was refined, and the improved features were incorporated in the final assembly of the oscillators. Circuit function and performance details are included in this report. First order compensation of these three oscillators indicates that the desired stability characteristics will be achieved. The oscillator aging experiment was initiated using eight oscillators housed in a stabilized-temperature enclosure. Compensation of these oscillators will be made as soon as initial aging trends are determined. Frequency adjustment studies were continued and resulted in a trimming method utilized which provides minimal effect on the degree of compensation.


Design and Development of Frequency Temperature Compensated Quartz Crystal Oscillator 0-1227 ()/u

Design and Development of Frequency Temperature Compensated Quartz Crystal Oscillator 0-1227 ()/u

Author: C. D. DOMINQUEZ

Publisher:

Published: 1965

Total Pages: 87

ISBN-13:

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The need for ovenless quartz crystal oscillators having a deviation less than plus or minus 0.75 parts per million from an absolute frequency over all service conditions, including crystal aging, has been evident for modern communications systems. Knowledge derived from studies on frequecy temperature compensation techniques indicated the feasibility of developing compensated oscillators providing a reduction in both required input power and size over conventional oscillator-oven assemblies. The object of Phase I of this program was to design and fabricate seven exploratory development oscillator models employing such compensation techniques to achieve a frequency stability of less than plus or minus 0.5 ppm over the temperature range of -40C to +65C. This effort was reported in the Phase I Interim Report under this contract. After evaluation of these exploratory models, 18 advanced models were designed and fabricated under Phase II of this program with the same stability over 140C to +75C. This report covers the effort expended and the results obtained during Phase II of this program. The discussion in this report is related to (1) description and test of the Phase II oscillators, (2) design considerations in formulation of Phase II design, (3) component standardization, and (4) overall conclusions and recommendations for this program. (Author).


Design and Development of Frequency Temperature Compensated Quartz Crystal Oscillators, Phase i

Design and Development of Frequency Temperature Compensated Quartz Crystal Oscillators, Phase i

Author: Richard H. Bangert

Publisher:

Published: 1965

Total Pages: 96

ISBN-13:

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The need for ovenless quartz crystal oscillators having a deviation less than = 0.75 parts per million from an absolute frequency over all service conditions, including crystal aging, has become evident for modern communications systems. Current knowledge derived from studies on frequency temperature compensation techniques indicate the feasibility of combating the difficulties associated with frequency compensated oscillators to produce a reduction in both power and size over conventional oscillatoroven assemblies. The object of Phase I of this program is to design and fabricate seven exploratory development oscillator models operating at 3 mc and employing such compensation techniques to achieve a stability requirement of less than = 0.5 ppm over the temperature range of -40C to +65C. After evaluation of these exploratory models, eighteen advanced models incorporating the revisions required will be fabricated under Phase II of this program. This report covers only the effort expended in Phase I of this program. The significant problem areas were related to (1) development of a voltage regulator with good regulation throughout the temperature range, (2) evolution of a standard compensation network, (3) limitations in the state-of-the-art of crystal technology, (4) low power input requirement of 65 milliwatts, and (5) development of a constant gain amplifier using high tolerance components. (Author).


Frequency Temperature Compensation Technique for Quartz Crystal Oscillators

Frequency Temperature Compensation Technique for Quartz Crystal Oscillators

Author: Darrell E. Newell

Publisher:

Published: 1969

Total Pages: 78

ISBN-13:

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The first section of the report discusses a new hybrid voltage regulator which is housed in a TO5 container. The regulator was specifically designed for utilization by TCXOs and consequently, contains desirable feature for this use. The second phase of the investigation covers the generation of various temperature environments. A ramp generator and interval generator have been developed. Temperature ramps have been generated at slopes varying from 6.165 to 0.057 C/min. The third section of the report covers a study of isolation amplifiers. Since TCXO size is of importance, it is desirable to use as few stages as possible. Consequently, if an isolation amplifier can be used to provide both isolation and some degree of gain satisfactorily, it may be possible to omit one gain stage. (Author).


Crystal Oscillator Design and Temperature Compensation

Crystal Oscillator Design and Temperature Compensation

Author: Marvin Frerking

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 252

ISBN-13: 9401160562

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Crystal oscillators have been in use now for well over SO years-one of the first was built by W. G. Cady in 1921. Today, millions of them are made every year, covering a range of frequencies from a few Kilohertz to several hundred Mega hertz and a range of stabilities from a fraction of one percent to a few parts in ten to the thirteenth, with most of them, by far, still in the range of several tens of parts per million.Their major application has long been the stabilization of fre quencies in transmitters and receivers, and indeed, the utilization of the frequency spectrum would be in utter chaos, and the communication systems as we know them today unthinkable,'without crystal oscillators. With the need to accommodate ever increasing numbers of users in a limited spectrum space, this traditional application will continue to grow for the fore seeable future, and ever tighter tolerances will have to be met by an ever larger percentage of these devices.