Reactions in the Solid State

Reactions in the Solid State

Author: Michael E. Brown

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 1980-01-01

Total Pages: 355

ISBN-13: 0080868169

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The whole of Volume 22 is devoted to the kinetics and mechanisms of the decomposition and interaction of inorganic solids, extended to include metal carboxylates. After an introductory chapter on the characteristic features of reactions in the solid phase, experimental methods of investigation of solid reactions and the measurement of reaction rates are reviewed in Chapter 2 and the theory of solid state kinetics in Chapter 3. The reactions of single substances, loosely grouped on the basis of a common anion since it is this constituent which most frequently undergoes breakdown, are discussed in Chapter 4, the sequence being effectively that of increasing anion complexity. Chapter 5 covers reactions between solids, and includes catalytic processes where one solid component remains unchanged, double compound formation and rate processes involving the interactions of more than three crystalline phases. The final chapter summarises the general conclusions drawn in the text of Chapter 2-5.


Organic Solid-State Reactions

Organic Solid-State Reactions

Author: Fumio Toda

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-03-14

Total Pages: 279

ISBN-13: 9401700893

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Most organic reactions have long been carried out in organic solvents without concern for their real necessity, reaction efficiency, and pollution problems. Very recently, we have found that most organic reactions can be carried out in the absence of a solvent, namely, in the solid state. In many cases, the solid-state reaction proceeds more easily and efficiently, and even more selectively than solution reaction. This shows that molecules move easily and selectively in the solid state. This finding changed the classical idea which suggests "molecules do not move and reactions do not occur in the solid state", and opened up a new research field for the study molecular dynamics in the solid state. The organic solid state reactions have many possibilities to be developed. For example, enantioselective reactions can easily be accomplished by carrying out the reaction in an inclusion complex crystal with an optically active host compound. Catalytic reactions also proceed in the solid state. Moreover, the solid-state reactions are more economical and ecologically sound. In the future, pollution-free synthetic procedures in the solid state will become increasingly important, not only in chemical industries but also in university laboratories.


Reactions and Characterization of Solids

Reactions and Characterization of Solids

Author: Sandra E. Dann

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry

Published: 2000

Total Pages: 214

ISBN-13: 9780854046126

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The last twenty years or so has seen a change in the perception of solid state chemistry, in particular the scientific significance of understanding the relationship between chemical structure and physical properties. As such, it now forms an important part of both mainstream chemistry and material science degrees. Reactions and Characterization of Solids is designed as an introductory text with plenty of illustrative examples to reinforce the essentials of the topic. In the first few chapters, the fundamental principles of elementary crystal chemistry are introduced, together with the principles of both preparing and characterizing materials in the solid state. Some elementary thermodynamics are also included at this stage to introduce the idea of bond strength as a method of determining and predicting compound stability. General physical properties such as electronic and magnetic behaviour are discussed, together with specific topics relating to solid state materials such as non-stoichiometry. Furthermore, several solid state materials are described in detail, relating the fundamental properties and structural behaviour covered throughout the book to real systems and working materials. Ideal for the needs of undergraduate chemistry students, Tutorial Chemistry Texts is a major series consisting of short, single topic or modular texts concentrating on the fundamental areas of chemistry taught in undergraduate science courses. Each book provides a concise account of the basic principles underlying a given subject, embodying an independent-learning philosophy and including worked examples.


Chemical Kinetics of Solids

Chemical Kinetics of Solids

Author: Hermann Schmalzried

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2008-07-11

Total Pages: 450

ISBN-13: 3527615520

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Many different chemical processes take place inside solids or at solid surfaces and interfaces. However, their quantitative description sometimes seems difficult to understand. This book by Professor Schmalzried, author of the eminently successful Solid State Reactions; bridges the gap between the 'physical' and 'chemical' approaches to this subject because it is written in a language which both sides understand. For the first time, a comprehensive coverage of the rapidly developing field of Solid State Kinetics is available. The topics covered in this book go far beyond diffusional transport. Homogeneous and heterogeneous solid-state reactions, phase transitions or the influence of external fields are also treated in detail. With this background, the author explains e.g. charge transport mechanisms in ionic conductors, principles of sensor technology, or oxidation processes clearly and comprehensibly. This book is a must for every solid-state chemist and an indispensable tool for academic and industrial readers alike. From reviews: 'a first-rate reference work that a must for any science library' (J. Am Chem. Soc.) 'can be recommended without restrictions ...' (Z. Phys. Chem.)


An Introduction to Solid State Diffusion

An Introduction to Solid State Diffusion

Author: Richard J. Borg

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2012-12-02

Total Pages: 377

ISBN-13: 0323138403

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The energetics and mechanisms of diffusion control the kinetics of such diverse phenomena as the fabrication of semiconductors and superconductors, the tempering of steel, geological metamorphism, the precipitation hardening of nonferrous alloys and corrosion of metals and alloys. This work explains the fundamentals of diffusion in the solid state at a level suitable for upper-level undergraduate and beginning graduate students in materials science, metallurgy, mineralogy, and solid state physics and chemistry. A knowledge of physical chemistry such as is generally provided by a one-year undergraduate course is a prerequisite, though no detailed knowledge of solid state physics or crystallography is required.


Materials Chemistry of Ceramics

Materials Chemistry of Ceramics

Author: Junichi Hojo

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2019-11-15

Total Pages: 237

ISBN-13: 9811399352

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This book provides fundamental knowledge of ceramics science and technology in a compact volume. Based on inorganic chemistry, it is intended as a reader for graduate students and young researchers beginning work in ceramics. The importance of the book is that it provides a scientific understanding of structure, properties, and processing from the chemical aspect, leading to creation of future ceramics. Ceramics have high hardness, strength, thermal and chemical stability, as well as various electromagnetic functions. To take full advantage of ceramics, their use has been advanced to engineering and electronic ceramics. Most ceramics have been fabricated by powder processing, and new technologies have also evolved such as CVD and sol-gel methods: new ceramics aimed at new functions of highly pure oxides and artificial nitrides, carbides, and borides; fine ceramics focused on precise control of composition and microstructure; and design of unique morphology, such as nanoparticles, nanofibers, nanosheets, mesoporous materials, and hybrids. Materials are composed of atoms and molecules. They are assembled into crystals and are amorphous, leading to 3-D micro/nano structures. In addition to the topics described above, this book shows the importance of chemistry for materials design at the nanometer scale, and that chemistry develops new fields of environment, energy, informatics, biomaterials, and other areas.


Fluid-Solid Reactions

Fluid-Solid Reactions

Author: H. Y. Sohn

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2020-08-12

Total Pages: 536

ISBN-13: 0128164662

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Fluid-Solid Reactions, Second Edition takes a detailed and thorough look at the scope of fluid-solid reaction systems, focusing on the four phenomena: external mass transfer, pore diffusion, chemical reaction, and adsorption/desorption. This completely revised new edition builds on the classic original edition through the introduction of cutting-edge new theories and applications, including the formulation and application of a new and convenient law that governs fluid-solid reaction kinetics. This book will be of primary interest to practicing engineers engaged in process research, development, and design in the many fields where fluid-solid reactions are critical to workflow and research. Fluid-solid reactions play a major role in the technology of most industrialized nations. These reactions encompass a very broad field, including the extraction of metals from their ores, the combustion of solid fuels, coal gasification, and the incineration of solid refuse. Features 50% new and revised content, arming researchers with the latest developments in the field Details a new unified approach to modeling the rates of fluid-solid reaction systems Authored by one of the world’s foremost experts on fluid-solid reactions and their applications in the field


Solid State Polymerization

Solid State Polymerization

Author: Constantine D. Papaspyrides

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2009-04-27

Total Pages: 314

ISBN-13: 0470451823

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The most current guide to solid state polymerization Solid State Polymerization (SSP)is an indispensable tool in the design, manufacture, and study of polymers, plastics, and fibers. SSP presents significant advantages over other polymerization techniques due to low operating temperatures, inexpensive equipment, and simple and environmentally sound procedures. Combining fundamentals of polymer science, chemistry, physical chemistry, and engineering, SSP also offers many research applications for a wide range of students and investigators. Gathering and filtering the latest literature on SSP, Solid Solid State Polymerization offers a unique, one-stop resource on this important process. With chapters contributed by leaders in the field, this text summarizes SSP, and provides essential coverage that includes: An introduction to SSP, with chemical and physical steps, apparatus, advantages, and parameters SSP physical chemistry and mechanisms Kinetic aspects of polyesters and polyamides SSP Catalysis in SSP processes Application of SSP under high pressure conditions in the laboratory Engineering aspects regarding process modeling and industrial application Recent developments and future possibilities Solid State Polymerization provides the most up-to-date coverage of this constantly developing field to academic and industry professionals, as well as graduate and postgraduate-level students in chemical engineering, materials science and engineering, polymer chemistry, polymer processing and polymer engineering.


Solid State Chemistry

Solid State Chemistry

Author: Richard C. Ropp

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2003-06-12

Total Pages: 461

ISBN-13: 0080541453

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Solid State Chemistry is a general textbook, composed for those with little background knowledge of the subject, but who wish to learn more about the various segments of solid state theory and technology. The information is presented in a form that can easily be understood and will be useful to readers wishing to build on their own store of knowledge and experience. Well presented in easy to understand format Informative textbook aimed primarily at the novice Comprehensively covers the segments of solid state theory and technology