Pulse and Fourier Transform NMR: Introduction to Theory and Methods presents the different types of pulse experiments that are commonly used and provides the theoretical background necessary for understanding these techniques. This book evaluates the practical application of pulse methods and the necessary instrumentation. Organized into seven chapters, this book begins with an overview of the NMR fundamentals and the basic pulse methods. This text then summarizes the important features of pulse spectrometers. Other chapters consider the rationale, the advantages, and the limitations of Fourier transform NMR methods. This book discusses as well how the idea of the rotating frame can be utilized to understand certain experiments that extend the range of application of pulse methods. The final chapter deals with a few significant special uses of pulse techniques. This book is a valuable resource for chemists and readers who are familiar with high resolution NMR but with no background in pulse methods.
The primary purpose of this book is to help you understand what is going on in Fourier Transform (FT) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Modern life is now very largely life with 'black boxes' that carry warning labels: 'No user-serviceable parts inside.' Many find black boxes to be quite acceptable, at least as long as they work. But how willing should we be to accept black-box analyses without some understanding of how those analyses were obtained? NMR spectrometers are like 'black boxes' in that they offer many standardised procedures, but it can be dangerous to the quality of your data if you rely slavishly on such procedures without understanding how and why the proper parameter choices are critical. The scope of this book is broad rather than deep with the intention of providing helpful insight. Much can be understood in a more qualitative way and that is the approach taken here. For those few areas where a quantitative approach is needed, simple mathematics will usually suffice.
Solving Problems with NMR Spectroscopy presents the basic principles and applications of NMR spectroscopy with only as much math as is necessary. It shows how to solve chemical structures with NMR by giving clear examples and solutions. This text will enable organic chemistry students to choose the most appropriate NMR techniques to solve specific structures. The problems to work and the discussion of their solutions and interpretations will help readers becomeproficient in the application of important, modern 1D and 2D NMR techniques to structural studies.Key Features* Presents the most important NMR techniques for structural determinations* Offers a unique problem-solving approach* Uses questions and problems, including discussions of their solutions and interpretations, to help readers grasp NMR* Avoids extensive mathematical formulas* Forewords by Nobel Prize winner Richard R. Ernst and Lloyd M. Jackman
FROM THE PREFACE: Pulse Methods in 1D and 2D Liquid-Phase NMR is written to enable the practicing NMR spectroscopist to understand and apply the varied and powerful new techniques developed in the past few years for obtaining spectra with greatly increased information content and from smaller and smaller samples. The intent is to describe both theory and practice in simple and detailed fashion so that the methods may be critically evaluated and effectively used in any potential application. As methods become more complex they require more instrument time, and it is important to be able to judge whether the investment of this time is justified. It is also essential for the spectroscopist to be in a position to evaluate the capabilities of the instrumentation available, as well as the additional requirements for utilization of particular new methods. The material in this book assumes a knowledge of continuous-wave NMR methods as well as an elementary understanding of the normal pulsed Fourier-transform spectroscopic procedures, together with a knowledge of such related phenomena as the nuclear Overhauser effect. Although much of the treatment is necessarily methematical, this aspect of the presentation has been simplified as much as possible.
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is one of the most powerful and widely used techniques in chemical research for investigating structures and dynamics of molecules. Advanced methods can even be utilized for structure determinations of biopolymers, for example proteins or nucleic acids. NMR is also used in medicine for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The method is based on spectral lines of different atomic nuclei that are excited when a strong magnetic field and a radiofrequency transmitter are applied. The method is very sensitive to the features of molecular structure because also the neighboring atoms influence the signals from individual nuclei and this is important for determining the 3D-structure of molecules. This new edition of the popular classic has a clear style and a highly practical, mostly non-mathematical approach. Many examples are taken from organic and organometallic chemistry, making this book an invaluable guide to undergraduate and graduate students of organic chemistry, biochemistry, spectroscopy or physical chemistry, and to researchers using this well-established and extremely important technique. Problems and solutions are included.
Written by spectroscopists for spectroscopists, here is a book which is not only a valuable handbook and reference work, but also an ideal teaching text for Fourier transform methods as they are applied in spectroscopy. It offers the first unified treatment of the three most popular types of FT/spectroscopy, with uniform notation and complete indexing of specialized terms. All mathematics is self-contained, and requires only a knowledge of simple calculus. The main emphasis is on pictures and physical analogs rather than detailed algebra. Instructive problems, presented at the end of each chapter, offer extensions of the basic treatment. Solutions are given or outlined for all problems.The book offers a wealth of practical information to spectroscopists. Non-ideal effects are treated in detail: noise (source- and detector-limited); non-linear response; limits to spectrometer performance based on finite detection period, finite data size, mis-phasing, etc. Common puzzles and paradoxes are explained: e.g. use of mathematically complex variables to represent physically real quantities; interpretation of negative frequency signals; on-resonance vs. off-resonance response; interpolation (when it helps and when it doesn't); ultimate accuracy of the data; differences between linearly- and circularly-polarized radiation; multiplex advantage or disadvantage, etc.Chapter 1 introduces the fundamental line shapes encountered in spectroscopy, from a simple classical mass-on-a-spring model. The Fourier transform relationship between the time-domain response to a sudden impulse and the steady-state frequency-domain response (absorption and dispersion spectra) to a continuous oscillation is established and illustrated. Chapters 2 and 3 summarize the basic mathematics (definitions, formulas, theorems, and examples) for continuous (analog) and discrete (digital) Fourier transforms, and their practical implications. Experimental aspects which are common to the signal (Chapter 4) and noise (Chapter 5) in all forms of Fourier transform spectrometry are followed by separate chapters for treatment of those features which are unique to FT/MS, FT/optical, FT/NMR, and other types of FT/spectroscopy.The list of references includes both historical and comprehensive reviews and monographs, along with articles describing several key developments. The appendices provide instant access to FT integrals and fast algorithms as well as a pictorial library of common Fourier transform function pairs. The comprehensive index is designed to enable the reader to locate particular key words, including those with more than one name.
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is presently going through an explosive phase of development. This has been brought about largely on account of the advent of Fourier transform NMR spectrometers linked to powerful microcomputers which have opened up a whole new world for structural chemists and biochemists. This is exemplified by a host of publications, especially on new pulse sequences, which continue to provide new exciting modifications for recording two-dimensional NMR. Moreover, NMR is no longer confined to structural chemists but has moved firmly into the area of medicine as a powerful nondestructive body scanning technique. With this background, I felt that there was need for a text which would provide a fairly comprehensive account of the important features of 1 H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy in one book, as well as make available an up-to-date account of recent developments of new pulse sequences, with particular reference to 2D-NMR spectroscopy. Since this book is written for students of chemistry and biochemistry as well as for biology students who have chemistry as a subsidiary, it was decided to avoid a complex mathematical treatment and to present, as far as possible without oversimplification, a qualitative account of 1 H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy as it is today. I hope that the book satisfactorily meets these objectives.
Presents an introduction to modern NMR methods at a level suited to organic and inorganic chemists engaged in the solution of structural and mechanistic problems. The book assumes familiarity only with the simple use of proton and carbon spectra as sources of structural information and describes the advantages of pulse and Fourier transform spectroscopy which form the basis of all modern NMR experiments. Discussion of key experiments is illustrated by numerous examples of the solutions to real problems. The emphasis throughout is on the practical side of NMR and the book will be of great use to chemists engaged in both academic and industrial research who wish to realise the full possibilities of the new wave NMR.
