Psychiatry, Psychoanalysis, and the New Biology of Mind

Psychiatry, Psychoanalysis, and the New Biology of Mind

Author: Eric R. Kandel

Publisher: American Psychiatric Pub

Published: 2008-05-20

Total Pages: 450

ISBN-13: 1585626848

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Brought together for the first time in a single volume, these eight important and fascinating essays by Nobel Prize-winning psychiatrist Eric Kandel provide a breakthrough perspective on how biology has influenced modern psychiatric thought. Complete with commentaries by experts in the field, Psychiatry, Psychoanalysis, and the New Biology of Mind reflects the author's evolving view of how biology has revolutionized psychiatry and psychology and how potentially could alter modern psychoanalytic thought. The author's unique perspective on both psychoanalysis and biological research has led to breakthroughs in our thinking about neurobiology, psychiatry, and psychoanalysis -- all driven by the central idea that a fuller understanding of the biological processes of learning and memory can illuminate our understanding of behavior and its disorders. These wonderful essays cover the mechanisms of psychotherapy and medications, showing that both work at the same level of neural circuits and synapses, and the implications of neurobiological research for psychotherapy; the ability to detect functional changes in the brain after psychotherapy, which enables us, for the first time, to objectively evaluate the effects of psychotherapy on individual patients; the need for animal models of mental disorders; for example, learned fear, to show how molecules and cellular mechanisms for learning and memory can be combined in various ways to produce a range of adaptive and maladaptive behaviors; the unification of behavioral psychology, cognitive psychology, neuroscience, and molecular biology into the new science of the mind, charted in two seminal reports on neurobiology and molecular biology given in 1983 and 2000; the critical role of synapses and synaptic strength in both short- and long-term learning; the biological and social implications of the mapping of the human genome for medicine in general and for psychiatry and mental health in particular; The author concludes by calling for a revolution in psychiatry, one that can use the power of biology and cognitive psychology to treat the many mentally ill persons who do not benefit from drug therapy. Fascinating reading for psychiatrists, psychoanalysts, social workers, residents in psychiatry, and trainees in psychoanalysis, Psychiatry, Psychoanalysis, and the New Biology of Mind records with elegant precision the monumental changes taking place in psychiatric thinking. It is an invaluable reference work and a treasured resource for thinking about the future.


Mind Fixers: Psychiatry's Troubled Search for the Biology of Mental Illness

Mind Fixers: Psychiatry's Troubled Search for the Biology of Mental Illness

Author: Anne Harrington

Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company

Published: 2019-04-16

Total Pages: 384

ISBN-13: 1324001976

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Mind Fixers tells the history of psychiatry’s quest to understand the biological basis of mental illness and asks where we need to go from here. In Mind Fixers, Anne Harrington, author of The Cure Within, explores psychiatry’s repeatedly frustrated struggle to understand mental disorder in biomedical terms. She shows how the stalling of early twentieth century efforts in this direction allowed Freudians and social scientists to insist, with some justification, that they had better ways of analyzing and fixing minds. But when the Freudians overreached, they drove psychiatry into a state of crisis that a new “biological revolution” was meant to alleviate. Harrington shows how little that biological revolution had to do with breakthroughs in science, and why the field has fallen into a state of crisis in our own time. Mind Fixers makes clear that psychiatry’s waxing and waning biological enthusiasms have been shaped not just by developments in the clinic and lab, but also by a surprising range of social factors, including immigration, warfare, grassroots activism, and assumptions about race and gender. Government programs designed to empty the state mental hospitals, acrid rivalries between different factions in the field, industry profit mongering, consumerism, and an uncritical media have all contributed to the story as well. In focusing particularly on the search for the biological roots of schizophrenia, depression, and bipolar disorder, Harrington underscores the high human stakes for the millions of people who have sought medical answers for their mental suffering. This is not just a story about doctors and scientists, but about countless ordinary people and their loved ones. A clear-eyed, evenhanded, and yet passionate tour de force, Mind Fixers recounts the past and present struggle to make mental illness a biological problem in order to lay the groundwork for creating a better future, both for those who suffer and for those whose job it is to care for them.


The Psychoanalytic Model of the Mind

The Psychoanalytic Model of the Mind

Author: Elizabeth L. Auchincloss

Publisher: American Psychiatric Pub

Published: 2015-04-28

Total Pages: 334

ISBN-13: 1585625450

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Despite the widespread influence of psychoanalysis in the field of mental health, until now no single book has been published that explains the psychoanalytic model of the mind to the many students and practitioners who want to understand it. The Psychoanalytic Model of the Mind represents an important breakthrough: in simple language, it presents complicated ideas and concepts in an accessible manner, demystifies psychoanalysis, debunks some of the myths that have plagued it, and defuses the controversies that have too long attended it. The author effectively demonstrates that the psychoanalytic model of the mind is consistent with a brain-based approach. Even in patients whose mental illness has a predominantly biological basis, psychological factors contribute to the onset, expression, and course of the illness. For this reason, treatments that focus exclusively on symptoms are not effective in sustaining change. The psychoanalytic model provides clinicians with the framework to understand each patient as a unique psychological being. The book is rich in descriptive detail yet pragmatic in its approach, offering many features and benefits: In addition to providing the theoretical scaffolding for psychodynamic psychotherapy, the book emphasizes the critical importance of forging a strong treatment alliance, which requires understanding the transference and countertransference reactions that either disrupt or strengthen the clinician-patient bond. The book is respectful of Freud without being reverential; it considers his contribution as founder of psychoanalysis in the context of the historical and conceptual evolution of the field. The final section is devoted to learning to use the psychoanalytic model and exploring how it can be integrated with existing models of the mind. In addition to being a valuable reference for mental health clinicians, the text can serve as a resource for undergraduate and graduate students of philosophy, neuroscience, psychology, literature, and all academic disciplines outside of the mental health professions who may want to learn more about what psychoanalysts have to say about the mind. Important features include an extensive glossary of terms, a series of illustrative tables, and appendixes addressing libido theory and defenses. Drawing upon a broad range of sources to make her case, the author persuasively argues that the basic tenets of the psychoanalytic model of the mind are supported by empirical evidence as well as clinical efficacy. The Psychoanalytic Model of the Mind is a fascinating exploration of this complex model of mental functioning, and both clinicians and students of the mind will find it comprehensive and riveting.


Understanding Biological Psychiatry

Understanding Biological Psychiatry

Author: Robert J. Hedaya

Publisher: W. W. Norton

Published: 1996

Total Pages: 311

ISBN-13: 9780393701913

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Beginning with a tour of the brain, Dr. Hedaya explains how the brain works and how brain function relates to physical symptoms and cognitive and emotional well-being. He explains how biological psychiatrists consider the biology of the individual as an integral part of the whole picture and demonstrates a new way of conceptualizing clinical problems. Understanding Biological Psychiatry provides information in three basic areas: Chapters 1 and 2 outline basic scientific foundations and core concepts in biological psychiatry; chapters 3 and 4 review biological theories and medical mimics of the major psychiatric disorders; chapters 5 and 6 discuss medication and practical issues, including the basics of psychotropic medications and their role in the biopsychosocial approach. At the heart of this book is the author's proposal for a working alliance between therapists and psychiatrists - an important goal in today's growing managed care environment. The book has a practical bent, discussing, for example, when and how to refer to a psychiatrist, even describing how to explain this new perspective to a patient. The author's conversational style, as well as many figures, tables, and case illustrations, makes Understanding Biological Psychiatry a guide that is sure to be well-read and often referred to by therapists and physicians, as well as psychiatrists wanting to brush up on the biology of the mind.


History of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology

History of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology

Author: Edwin R. Wallace

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2010-04-13

Total Pages: 883

ISBN-13: 0387347089

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This book chronicles the conceptual and methodological facets of psychiatry and medical psychology throughout history. There are no recent books covering so wide a time span. Many of the facets covered are pertinent to issues in general medicine, psychiatry, psychoanalysis, and the social sciences today. The divergent emphases and interpretations among some of the contributors point to the necessity for further exploration and analysis.


Imagination and the Meaningful Brain

Imagination and the Meaningful Brain

Author: Arnold H. Modell

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2003

Total Pages: 284

ISBN-13: 9780262134255

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An exploration of the biology of meaning that integrates the role of subjective processes with current knowledge of brain/mind function.


Models of the Mind

Models of the Mind

Author: John E. Gedo

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 1976-09-15

Total Pages: 235

ISBN-13: 0226284875

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In an effort to expand the clinical theory of psychoanalysis, John E. Gedo and Arnold Goldberg delineate and order the various generally accepted systems of psychological functioning, considered here as "models of the mind." The authors provide a historical review of four major models of the mind: the topographic model, the reflex arc model, the tripartite model, and an object relations model. They then investigate the possible hierarchical interrelationships of such models. Each model is shown to represent a different facet of mental functioning and is thus employable on an ad hoc basis. The models are shown not to cancel on another out but to allow for theoretical complementarity. Gedo and Goldberg apply their theory to four classic psychoanalytic case studies to demonstrate its effectiveness: Freud's Rat Man, his Wolf Man, the case of Daniel Paul Schreber, and a case of arrested development. For each of these cases the authors show how it would have been both possible and advantageous to apply a variety of different theories as facts about each continued to accumulate.


A Mind of One's Own

A Mind of One's Own

Author: Robert A. Caper

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2005-08-12

Total Pages: 175

ISBN-13: 1134638302

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This collection of papers, written over the last six years by Robert Caper, focuses on the importance of distinguishing self from object in psychological development. Robert Caper demonstrates the importance this psychological disentanglement plays in the therapeutic effect of psychoanalysis. In doing so he demonstrates what differentiates the practice of psychoanalysis from psychotherapy; while psychotherapy aims to ease the patient towards "good mental health" through careful suggestion; psychoanalysis allows the patient to discover him/herself, with the self wholly distinguished from other people and other objects.


Textbook of Biological Psychiatry

Textbook of Biological Psychiatry

Author: Jaak Panksepp

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2004-02-15

Total Pages: 736

ISBN-13: 0471468983

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A Textbook of Biological Psychiatry integrates the basic science concerning brain mechanisms of psychiatric disorders alongside surveys of present standard clinical treatment. Organized in a coherent and easy to follow structure, chapters expand across different levels of analysis, from basic mechanisms to clinical practice. This comprehensive reference provides an integrative treatment of the biochemistry of neurotransmission, behavioral pharmacology, and clinical aspects of psychiatric problems including depression, manic-depression, and mood disorders. Other chapters address the biological mechanisms and treatment of depression, anxiety, panic, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and addictions. The editor concludes with a perspective on the future of the field and prospects for understanding and effectively treating mood and anxiety disorders.