Parallel Virtual Machine - EuroPVM'96

Parallel Virtual Machine - EuroPVM'96

Author: Arndt Bode

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 1996-09-25

Total Pages: 388

ISBN-13: 9783540617792

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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third European Conference on the Parallel Virtual Machine, EuroPVM '96, the 1996 European PVM users' group meeting, held in Munich, Germany, in October 1996. The parallel virtual machine, PVM, was developed at the University of Tennessee and Oak Ridge National Laboratory in cooperation with Emory University and Carnegie Mellon University to support distributed computing. This volume comprises 51 revised full contributions devoted to PVM. The papers are organized in topical sections on evaluation of PVM; Applications: CFD solvers; tools for PVM; non-numerical applications; extensions to PVM; etc.


Digital Systems and Applications

Digital Systems and Applications

Author: Vojin G. Oklobdzija

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2017-12-19

Total Pages: 992

ISBN-13: 0849386209

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New design architectures in computer systems have surpassed industry expectations. Limits, which were once thought of as fundamental, have now been broken. Digital Systems and Applications details these innovations in systems design as well as cutting-edge applications that are emerging to take advantage of the fields increasingly sophisticated capabilities. This book features new chapters on parallelizing iterative heuristics, stream and wireless processors, and lightweight embedded systems. This fundamental text— Provides a clear focus on computer systems, architecture, and applications Takes a top-level view of system organization before moving on to architectural and organizational concepts such as superscalar and vector processor, VLIW architecture, as well as new trends in multithreading and multiprocessing. includes an entire section dedicated to embedded systems and their applications Discusses topics such as digital signal processing applications, circuit implementation aspects, parallel I/O algorithms, and operating systems Concludes with a look at new and future directions in computing Features articles that describe diverse aspects of computer usage and potentials for use Details implementation and performance-enhancing techniques such as branch prediction, register renaming, and virtual memory Includes a section on new directions in computing and their penetration into many new fields and aspects of our daily lives


Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States

Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2009-07-29

Total Pages: 348

ISBN-13: 0309142393

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Scores of talented and dedicated people serve the forensic science community, performing vitally important work. However, they are often constrained by lack of adequate resources, sound policies, and national support. It is clear that change and advancements, both systematic and scientific, are needed in a number of forensic science disciplines to ensure the reliability of work, establish enforceable standards, and promote best practices with consistent application. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward provides a detailed plan for addressing these needs and suggests the creation of a new government entity, the National Institute of Forensic Science, to establish and enforce standards within the forensic science community. The benefits of improving and regulating the forensic science disciplines are clear: assisting law enforcement officials, enhancing homeland security, and reducing the risk of wrongful conviction and exoneration. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States gives a full account of what is needed to advance the forensic science disciplines, including upgrading of systems and organizational structures, better training, widespread adoption of uniform and enforceable best practices, and mandatory certification and accreditation programs. While this book provides an essential call-to-action for congress and policy makers, it also serves as a vital tool for law enforcement agencies, criminal prosecutors and attorneys, and forensic science educators.


Affective Computing

Affective Computing

Author: Rosalind W. Picard

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2000-07-24

Total Pages: 308

ISBN-13: 9780262661157

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According to Rosalind Picard, if we want computers to be genuinely intelligent and to interact naturally with us, we must give computers the ability to recognize, understand, even to have and express emotions. The latest scientific findings indicate that emotions play an essential role in decision making, perception, learning, and more—that is, they influence the very mechanisms of rational thinking. Not only too much, but too little emotion can impair decision making. According to Rosalind Picard, if we want computers to be genuinely intelligent and to interact naturally with us, we must give computers the ability to recognize, understand, even to have and express emotions. Part 1 of this book provides the intellectual framework for affective computing. It includes background on human emotions, requirements for emotionally intelligent computers, applications of affective computing, and moral and social questions raised by the technology. Part 2 discusses the design and construction of affective computers. Although this material is more technical than that in Part 1, the author has kept it less technical than typical scientific publications in order to make it accessible to newcomers. Topics in Part 2 include signal-based representations of emotions, human affect recognition as a pattern recognition and learning problem, recent and ongoing efforts to build models of emotion for synthesizing emotions in computers, and the new application area of affective wearable computers.


Current Topics in Artificial Intelligence

Current Topics in Artificial Intelligence

Author: Asociación Española de Inteligencia Artificial

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2004-06-17

Total Pages: 703

ISBN-13: 3540222189

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This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed joint post-proceedings of the 10th Conference of the Spanish Association for Artificial Intelligence, CAEPIA 2003, and the 5th Conference on Technology Transfer, TTIA 2003, held in San Sebastián, Spain, in November 2003. The 66 revised full papers presented together with one invited paper were carefully selected during two rounds of reviewing and improvement from an initial total of 214 submissions. The papers span the entire spectrum of artificial intelligence and advanced applications in various fields.


Ant Colony Optimization

Ant Colony Optimization

Author: Marco Dorigo

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2004-06-04

Total Pages: 324

ISBN-13: 9780262042192

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An overview of the rapidly growing field of ant colony optimization that describes theoretical findings, the major algorithms, and current applications. The complex social behaviors of ants have been much studied by science, and computer scientists are now finding that these behavior patterns can provide models for solving difficult combinatorial optimization problems. The attempt to develop algorithms inspired by one aspect of ant behavior, the ability to find what computer scientists would call shortest paths, has become the field of ant colony optimization (ACO), the most successful and widely recognized algorithmic technique based on ant behavior. This book presents an overview of this rapidly growing field, from its theoretical inception to practical applications, including descriptions of many available ACO algorithms and their uses. The book first describes the translation of observed ant behavior into working optimization algorithms. The ant colony metaheuristic is then introduced and viewed in the general context of combinatorial optimization. This is followed by a detailed description and guide to all major ACO algorithms and a report on current theoretical findings. The book surveys ACO applications now in use, including routing, assignment, scheduling, subset, machine learning, and bioinformatics problems. AntNet, an ACO algorithm designed for the network routing problem, is described in detail. The authors conclude by summarizing the progress in the field and outlining future research directions. Each chapter ends with bibliographic material, bullet points setting out important ideas covered in the chapter, and exercises. Ant Colony Optimization will be of interest to academic and industry researchers, graduate students, and practitioners who wish to learn how to implement ACO algorithms.


Writing Literature Reviews

Writing Literature Reviews

Author: Jose L. Galvan

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2017-04-05

Total Pages: 309

ISBN-13: 1351858920

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Guideline 12: If the Results of Previous Studies Are Inconsistent or Widely Varying, Cite Them Separately