This is a study, in two volumes, of one of the longest-standing philosophical problems: the problem of universals. In volume I David Armstrong surveys and criticizes the main approaches and solutions to the problems that have been canvassed, rejecting the various forms of nominalism and 'Platonic' realism. In volume II he develops an important theory of his own, an objective theory of universals based not on linguistic conventions, but on the actual and potential findings of natural science. He thus reconciles a realism about qualities and relations with an empiricist epistemology. The theory allows, too, for a convincing explanation of natural laws as relations between these universals.
H.G. Callaway’s critical edition of William James's Essays in Radical Empiricism evaluates this classic work of American philosophy and the pragmatist tradition partly on the basis of the functional psychology of James's magnum opus, The Principles of Psychology. The edition also brings in later, Darwinian-functionalist, American psychology—which James did much to inspire—and contemporary developments in functional, cognitive psychology and neuroscience. James’s own text has been annotated throughout to render his references and theoretical concerns explicit and to briefly indicate points of criticism. The edition features an expanded bibliography that includes both historical and contemporary sources, as well as a new, comprehensive index. The chief arguments of the edition center on criticism of James's claims for "radical empiricism," his doctrine of "pure experience," and the doubtful role as evidence James attributed to stand-alone introspection and Jamesian “retrospection.” Enlisting results from the logic of relations, contemporary empiricism, historical and contemporary developments in cognitive psychology, and experimental neuroscience, Callaway argues for the importance of James on functional relations—to be interpreted in the manner of the scientific naturalism prominent in The Principles of Psychology. Too often, James’s late philosophical views have overshadowed the accomplishments of his earlier work in psychology. Overall, this new edition indicates the scientific virtues of functionalism in cognitive psychology and shows the relevance of James’s functional psychology to contemporary cognitive theory.
The Cone of Perception is a work that confronts the perceptually evident purely geometric truth. The difference in circumferences of two circles equals an arc length, and this can be applied to the Pythagorean theorem and the realm of relativistic physics. Over 500 pages of mathematical formulas and graphs at your fingertips. This is the research of several years piecing together potential visualizations of the perceptual cone phenomenon. Extensive, in depth description of perceptual forms. However, with all these equations, finding a new solution is not difficult. Great for anyone who needs to come up with a mathematical thesis in algebra, geometry, topology, or philosophy.
This study examines the theoretical underpinnings of Robert Duncan’s poetry and poetics. The author’s overriding concern is Duncan’s understanding of excess in relation to poetry and the philosophies of Alfred North Whitehead, William James, and John Dewey.
Originally published between 1928 and 1987, the volumes in this set provide an interesting look back at how psychology has developed as a discipline and some of the problems it has encountered along the way. It includes volumes focusing on the history of specific fields such as developmental and experimental psychology, as well as examining the roots of psychological theory as a whole and how it has informed many of the fields of psychology we know today.
Applying the view that the human body as treated by the physician is somebody, the author examines the eye and one of its afflictions, glaucoma, from an imaginal perspective. Drawing on humanistic as well as scientific data, he attempts to describe the experience of glaucoma, and in doing so directs us to an understanding of the existential ground of anatomy and physiology.
The Cone of Perception describes the algebra of orbifold circle folding into a cone with fixed parameters, i.e. an invariant. This is like a mathematical quest to discover a wealth of forms and equations. I began by deciding I was going to make a scientific discovery and by asking the simple question, "at what angle do we perceive two equal line segments in golden ratio with each other?" Diagramming out this scenario, I slowly realized that one could fold the lines of sight onto each other, and the resulting shape formed a cone. Then, I attempted to describe this action algebraically in a phenomenological manner. The difference between the circumferences of two circles equals an arc length of either circle, and this can be applied to the Pythagorean theorem, the realm of relativistic physics. I also illustrate where paradoxes arise in this train of thinking and in my later works, The Sphere of Realization and The Book of Eternity, ameliorate these paradoxes entirely. One can fold a circle into a cone. When a sector of a circle is collapsed (removed, we may, "fold up," the resulting shape into a cone. Over 500 pages of mathematical formulas and graphs at your fingertips. This is the research of several years piecing together potential visualizations of the perceptual cone phenomenon. Extensive, in depth description of perceptual forms included. However, with all these equations, finding a new solution is not difficult. Great for anyone who needs to come up with a mathematical thesis in algebra, geometry, topology, or philosophy. The Cone of Perception includes many graphs and solutions to the equations of perceiving a circle to be one size and then perceiving a circle of a different size. The Cone of Perception is a work that confronts the perceptually evident purely geometric truth. The quest to discover this wealth of mathematical forms and equations began by deciding I was going to make a scientific discovery and by asking the simple question, "at what angle do we perceive two equal line segments in golden ratio with each other?" Diagraming out this scenario, I slowly realized that one could fold the lines of sight onto each other, and the resulting shape formed a cone. Then, I attempted to describe this action algebraically. The difference in circumferences of two circles equals an arc length, and this can be applied to the Pythagorean theorem and the realm of relativistic physics. I discovered certain fundamental structures within the ideal Platonic forms in the Euclidean and Pythagorean sense that can be used to perform a phenomenological description of perception and our perceived reality which is more accurate to the true nature of the Universe than current physics and beliefs about our physical reality. One can fold a circle into a cone. When a sector of a circle is collapsed (removed), we may "fold up" the resulting shape into a cone. The book relates the system of a circle transforming through a cone to the perceptual theories of Gibson, Koffka, Husserl, and Sense Data theory. It also delves into the mathematics of perceiving a difference in circumferences and presents a computational solution to the velocity variable within the Lorentz transformation. This solution is found only when using the exact speed of light in scientific notation. The auspicious symbols of the umbrella and the conch in Buddhist philosophy are perhaps a hidden message, or a hint to the true nature of reality delivered down through the ages to those who might seek to perceive and inquire. However, the mathematical expression of the, "umbrellic transformation," is one rarely discussed in Buddhist circles that I have encountered if ever, and it is certainly not vocally embodied in the vibrant message promoted and propagated by the majority of the Buddhist community, though many Buddhists do have a respect for the sciences, and math is highly prized in the societies of India and Nepal. We are only beginning to understand what the meaning of the, "phenomenological velocity," solution truly is and how the curvatures that result from the solutions to the v-variable are effecting the perceived phenomena in our reality. The idea that we can solve for something that cancels out with itself, that we can prove it cancels out with itself, yet we can solve in a non-trivial way that there is a complex polynomial equation that fits as a solution is a bit mystifying, however it is real. We ask ourselves, "why do the galaxies spiral?" We ask ourselves, what is the phenomenon of, "dark matter," and we lack answers to these basic questions, but with the new dimension (or metric) that has emerged from within the structure of the circle's folding into a cone, and the new solution to the v-variable within Lorentz coefficient as presented within The Geometric Patterns of Perception (Emmerson, 2009), we have a way forward. Physicists have assumed that mass is a real phenomenon, and have based all their formulations upon this concept. However functional the postulate of mass's, "being," is, it is still an assumption on its face. Just because a theory works, does not mean it's technically correct. Does one actually perceive a mass? Or has one inferred that a concept of mass must exist as the basis of reality, and if so, "on what notion was this inference based?" The Geometric Pattern of Perception Theorems base their functionality of describing the motion of and perceived being of, "objects," in the world through pure algebra and geometry of the transformation of ideal shapes. Through perceiving and describing these transformations phenomenologically, we can extract a plentitude of equations describing transformation and motion, which act as articulation of perceived phenomena of transformation and motion and may suffice for explaining curvature of space time relating with gravity, including the curvature perceived as correlating with dark matter. People speak of Energy to describe the phenomenon of that which is neither created nor destroyed, but really, all that is needed to describe that phenomenon is contained within the phenomenological velocity," equation, also known as V-Curvature, since it's not really even necessary to consider it velocity. We have a wave equation within the fabric of perceived reality, the expressions of which were derived from the most basic, fundamental ideal forms, that never equals zero, meaning it most likely never began, and it certainly will never end (or it can't be created, and it can't be destroyed). From this (loose) definition of Energy, we now have a theoretical "mass-energy," relation, if we still need to cling to the concepts of mass and energy.
In the 10 years prior to publication the quantity of research on eye movements as they pertain to psychological processes had been increasing at a rapid rate. Originally published in 1976, the editors’ purpose was to bring together investigators representing different theoretical positions and methodological approaches to present their recent findings, to debate the theoretical points of view, and to identify and discuss the major research problems on eye movements at the time. An attempt was made to invite participants ranging all the way from promising graduate students through the established authorities in the field. The result was an intensive three-day session with meetings from early morning until late into the evening with much opportunity for formal and informal group discussion. The edited papers and transcripts of the discussions are the contents of this book.
This book examines the interdisciplinary foundations of pragmatism from a literary perspective, tracing the characters and settings that populate the narratives of pragmatist thought in Henry James’s work. Cultivated during a postwar era of industrial change and economic growth, pragmatism emerged in the late nineteenth century as the new shape of American intellectual identity. Charles Peirce, William James, and Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. were close friends who founded different branches of pragmatism while writing on a vast array of topics. Skeptical about philosophy, William James’s brother, Henry, stood at the margins of this group, crafting his own version of pragmatism through his novels and short stories. Gregory Phipps argues that James’s fiction weaves together the varied depictions of individuality, society, experience, and truth found in the works of Peirce, Holmes, and William James. By doing so, James brings to narrative life a defining moment in American intellectual and material history.
The Paradoxical Brain focuses on a range of phenomena in clinical and cognitive neuroscience that are counterintuitive and go against the grain of established thinking. The book covers a wide range of topics by leading researchers, including: • Superior performance after brain lesions or sensory loss • Return to normal function after a second brain lesion in neurological conditions • Paradoxical phenomena associated with human development • Examples where having one disease appears to prevent the occurrence of another disease • Situations where drugs with adverse effects on brain functioning may have beneficial effects in certain situations A better understanding of these interactions will lead to a better understanding of brain function and to the introduction of new therapeutic strategies. The book will be of interest to those working at the interface of brain and behaviour, including neuropsychologists, neurologists, psychiatrists and neuroscientists.
