GIS Fundamentals
GIS Fundamentals

Author: Stephen Wise

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2018-09-03

Total Pages: 340

ISBN-13: 1315360608

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With GIS technology increasingly available to a wider audience on devices from apps on smartphones to satnavs in cars, many people routinely use spatial data in a way which used to be the preserve of GIS specialists. However spatial data is stored and analyzed on a computer still tends to be described in academic texts and articles which require specialist knowledge or some training in computer science. Developed to introduce computer science literature to geography students, GIS Fundamentals, Second Edition provides an accessible examination of the underlying principles for anyone with no formal training in computer science. See What’s New in the Second Edition: Coverage of the use of spatial data on the Internet Chapters on databases and on searching large databases for spatial queries Improved coverage on route-finding Improved coverage of heuristic approaches to solving real-world spatial problems International standards for spatial data The book begins with a brief but detailed introduction to how computers work and how they are programmed, giving anyone with no previous computer science background a foundation to understand the remainder of the book. As with all parts of the book there are also suggestions for further sources of reading. The book then describes the ways in which vector and raster data can be stored and how algorithms are designed to perform fundamental operations such as detecting where lines intersect. From these simple beginnings the book moves into the more complex structures used for handling surfaces and networks and contains a detailed account of what it takes to determine the shortest route between two places on a network. The final sections of the book review problems, such as the "Travelling Salesman" problem, which are so complex that it is not known whether an optimum solution exists. Using clear, concise language, but without sacrificing technical rigour, the book gives readers an understanding of what it takes to produce systems which allow them to find out where to make their next purchase and how to drive to the right place to collect it.

GIS Basics
GIS Basics

Author: Stephen Wise

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2018-10-08

Total Pages: 235

ISBN-13: 1482267705

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Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are computer systems for storing, displaying and analyzing spatial data. The past twenty years have seen a rapid growth in their use in government, commerce and academia, and they can be used for managing a network of utilities, from handling census data through to planning the location of a new supermarket. But how do they work? Stephen Wise has been a regular contributor to GeoEurope and his 'Back to Basics' articles have provided a clear and simple introduction to the inner workings of GIS for a non-specialist audience. He now presents the original articles with new material and provides a new coverage of both major types of GIS: vector and raster systems. Undergraduates and professionals who wish to improve their knowledge of GIS should get a better understanding of how GIS operate in the way that they do, such as how spatial data is stored on a computer, how the different methods affect the capabilities of the GIS, how basic operations performed and how the choice of algorithm affects the speed of the system.

Semantic Structures (RLE Linguistics B: Grammar)
Semantic Structures (RLE Linguistics B: Grammar)

Author: David L. Waltz

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2014-02-03

Total Pages: 245

ISBN-13: 1317933508

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Natural language understanding is central to the goals of artificial intelligence. Any truly intelligent machine must be capable of carrying on a conversation: dialogue, particularly clarification dialogue, is essential if we are to avoid disasters caused by the misunderstanding of the intelligent interactive systems of the future. This book is an interim report on the grand enterprise of devising a machine that can use natural language as fluently as a human. What has really been achieved since this goal was first formulated in Turing’s famous test? What obstacles still need to be overcome?

Intelligent Information Processing and Web Mining
Intelligent Information Processing and Web Mining

Author: Mieczyslaw A. Klopotek

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2006-05-28

Total Pages: 678

ISBN-13: 3540323929

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The international conference Intelligent Information Processing and Web Mining IIS:IIPWM’05, organized in Gda?sk-Sobieszewo on 13–16th June, 2005, was a continuation of a long tradition of conferences on applications of Arti?cial Intelligence (AI) in Information Systems (IS), organized by the Institute of Computer Science of Polish Academy of Sciences in cooperation with other scienti?c and business institutions. The Institute itself is deeply engaged in research both in AI and IS and many scientists view it as a leading institution both in fundamental and - plied research in these areas in Poland. The originators of this conference series, Prof. M. D?browski and Dr. M. Michalewicz had in 1992 a long-term goal of bringing together scientists and industry of di?erent braches from Poland and abroad to achieve a creative synthesis. One can say that their dream has come to reality. Scientists from ?ve continents made their subm- sions to this conference. A brief look at the a?liations makes international cooperation visible. The research papers have either a motivation in c- crete applications or are o?-springs of some practical requests. This volume presents the best papers carefully chosen from a large set of submissions (about 45%). At this point we would like to express our thanks to the m- bers of Programme Committee for their excellent job. Also we are thankful to the organizers of the special sessions accompanying this conference: Jan Komorowski, Adam Przepiórkowski, Zbigniew W.

Modeling Companion for Software Practitioners
Modeling Companion for Software Practitioners

Author: Egon Börger

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-03-31

Total Pages: 362

ISBN-13: 3662566419

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This book uses a variety of applications to illustrate a modeling method that helps practitioners to manage complex software-intensive systems. The proposed method relies on the combination of its abstraction concept and its operational character, with behavioral models in the precise and simple form of Abstract State Machines (ASMs). The book introduces both the modeling method (Part I) and the available tool support (Part II): In Part I the authors detail (using numerous examples) how to construct, explain, debug, explore, extend and reuse accurate system design models, starting from scratch. Only an elementary knowledge of common mathematical (including set-theoretic) notation and some basic experience with computational processes (systems, programs, algorithms) is assumed. Part II then shows how the modeling method can be supported by implementing tools that make design models executable and debuggable. To illustrate how to build, debug and maintain systems and to explain their construction in a checkable manner, a general, problem-oriented refinement method is adopted to construct system models from components. The method starts with abstract models and refines them step by step, incrementally adding further details that eventually lead to code. Intended for practitioners who build software intensive systems, and students specializing in software engineering, it can be used both for self-study and for teaching, and it can serve as a reference book. Exercises are included to help readers check their understanding of the explained concepts. For many models defined in the book, refinements to executable versions can be downloaded for experimental validation from the book’s website at http://modelingbook.informatik.uni-ulm.de

Data and Applications Security XXII
Data and Applications Security XXII

Author: Vijay Atluri

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2008-07

Total Pages: 356

ISBN-13: 354070566X

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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 22nd Annual IFIP WG 11.3 Working Conference on Data and Applications Security held in London, UK, in July 2008. The 22 revised full papers presented together with 1 keynote lecture and 1 invited talk were carefully reviewed and selected from 56 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on access control, audit and logging, privacy, systems security, certificate management, trusted computing platforms, security policies and metrics, as well as Web and pervasive systems.

The Multinational Banking Industry (RLE Banking & Finance)
The Multinational Banking Industry (RLE Banking & Finance)

Author: Neil S Coulbeck

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2012-10-12

Total Pages: 426

ISBN-13: 1136267581

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The role of international banks within the developed economies has come under increasingly hostile public scrutiny, yet little attention has been paid to the structure and purpose of the banks themselves. Most existing studies concentrate on the part played by international banks as intermediaries in the domestic and international economy, failing to consider the foremost concern of the banks themselves – their success as business enterprises. This book examines the practical problems faced by the Universal Multinational banks (UMNBs) in the fields of strategic planning and business development. It explains the common constraints encountered by the UMNBs, showing that, whether they like it or not, current market pressures are governing their policies in all the developed economies. Through studying the management structures and business policies of these banks this book provides a much clearer picture of their activities in the world economy. Initially, it concentrates on the UMNBs of the USA since they have provided a strategic model for other global banking concerns. The UMNBs of Japan, Britain, France, Germany, Canada and Switzerland are then discussed to establish their similarities and differences: case studies are included at the end of each chapter to illustrate and reinforce the points made in the preceding text. Although written in 1984 the author successfully predicted many of the subsequent developments in the field of information technology and competition in world markets, which led to the emergence of global financial enterprises.

Computational Linguistics
Computational Linguistics

Author: Koiti Hasida

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-02-19

Total Pages: 260

ISBN-13: 981100515X

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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th International Conference of the Pacific Association for Computational Linguistics, PACLING 2015, held in Bali, Indonesia, in May 2015. The 18 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 45 papers. The papers are organized around the following topics: syntax and syntactic analysis; semantics and semantic analysis; spoken language and dialogue; corpora and corpus-based language processing; text and message understanding; information extraction and text mining; information retrieval and question answering; language learning; machine translation.