Chemistry and Physics of Fracture
Chemistry and Physics of Fracture

Author: R.M. Latanision

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 726

ISBN-13: 9400936656

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For many years it has been recognized that engineering materials that are-tough and ductile can be rendered susceptible to premature fracture through their reaction with the environment. Over 100 years ago, Reynolds associated hydrogen with detrimental effects on the ductility of iron. The "season cracking" of brass has been a known problem for dec ades, but the mechanisms for this stress-corrosion process are only today being elucidated. In more recent times, the mechanical properties of most engineering materials have been shown to be adversely affected by hydrogen embrittlement or stress-corrosion cracking. Early studies of environmental effects on crack growth attempted to identify a unified theory to explain the crack growth behavior of groups of materials in a variety of environments. It is currently understood that there are numerous stress-corrosion processes some of which may be common to several materials, but that the crack growth behavior of a given material is dependent on microstructure, microchemistry, mechanics, surface chemistry, and solution chemistry. Although the mechanism by which various chemical species in the environment may cause cracks to propagate in some materials but not in others is very complex, the net result of all environmentally induced fracture is the reduction in the force and energy associated with the tensile or shear separation of atoms at the crack tip.

Boundary Integral Equations in Elasticity Theory
Boundary Integral Equations in Elasticity Theory

Author: A.M. Linkov

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-11-11

Total Pages: 286

ISBN-13: 9401599149

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by the author to the English edition The book aims to present a powerful new tool of computational mechanics, complex variable boundary integral equations (CV-BIE). The book is conceived as a continuation of the classical monograph by N. I. Muskhelishvili into the computer era. Two years have passed since the Russian edition of the present book. We have seen growing interest in numerical simulation of media with internal structure, and have evidence of the potential of the new methods. The evidence was especially clear in problems relating to multiple grains, blocks, cracks, inclusions and voids. This prompted me, when preparing the English edition, to place more emphasis on such topics. The other change was inspired by Professor Graham Gladwell. It was he who urged me to abridge the chain of formulae and to increase the number of examples. Now the reader will find more examples showing the potential and advantages of the analysis. The first chapter of the book contains a simple exposition of the theory of real variable potentials, including the hypersingular potential and the hypersingular equations. This makes up for the absence of such exposition in current textbooks, and reveals important links between the real variable BIE and the complex variable counterparts. The chapter may also help readers who are learning or lecturing on the boundary element method.

Mechanics of Coatings
Mechanics of Coatings

Author: D. Dowson

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 1990-06-08

Total Pages: 511

ISBN-13: 0080875815

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Mechanics of Coatings was chosen as the topic for the 16th Leeds-Lyon Symposium, as it was decided to be a timely opportunity to bring together experts of many disciplines connected with coatings to find ways of extending the industrial use of these coatings particularly in the field of tribology. The volume contains 51 papers divided into 20 sessions.

Defects, Fracture and Fatigue
Defects, Fracture and Fatigue

Author: G. Sih

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 480

ISBN-13: 9400968213

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The Second International Symposium on Defects, Fracture and Fatigue took place at Mont Gabriel, Quebec, Canada, May 30 to June 5, 1982, and was organized by the Mechanical Engineering Department of McGill University and Institute of Fracture and Solid Mechanics, Lehigh University. The Co-Chairmen of the Sympo sium were Professor G.C. Sih of Lehigh University and Professor J.W. Provan of McGill University. Among those who served on the Organizing Committee were G.C. Sih (Co-Chairman), J.W. Provan (Co-Chairman), H. Mughrabi, H. Zorski, R. Bullough, M. Matczynski, G. Barenblatt and G. Caglioti. As a result of the interest expressed at the First Symposium that was held in October 1980, in Po land, the need for a follow-up meeting to further explore the phenomena of mate rial damage became apparent. Among the areas considered were dislocations, per sistent-slip-bands, void creation, microcracking, microstructure effects, micro/ macro fracture mechanics, ductile fracture criteria, fatigue crack initiation and propagation, stress and failure analysis, deterministic and statistical crack models, and fracture control. This wide spectrum of topics attracted researchers and engineers in solid state physics, continuum mechanics, applied mathematics, metallurgy and fracture mechanics from many different countries. This spectrum is also indicative of the interdisciplinary character of material damage that must be addressed at the atomic, microscopic and macroscopic scale level.

Mathematical Theory in Periodic Plane Elasticity
Mathematical Theory in Periodic Plane Elasticity

Author: Hai-Tao Cai

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2000-07-06

Total Pages: 170

ISBN-13: 9789056992422

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Presenting the mathematical theory of period problems in plane elasticity by methods of complex variables. The most general formulations of such problems are proposed under the assumption that the stresses are periodic and the displacements are quasi-periodic. The general expression of complex displacements are illustrated. Periodic welding problems are studied by reducing them to periodic Riemann boundary value problems. Various periodic problems of the elastic half-plane (fundamental problems, contact problems) are treated and solved by reduction to Riemann-Hilbert boundary value problems with discontinuous coefficient. Periodic crack problems are investigated which are transferred to singular integral equations whose unique solvability is guaranteed.

Cracks in composite materials
Cracks in composite materials

Author: George C. Sih

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 617

ISBN-13: 9400983409

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Composites offer great promise as light weight and strong materials for high performance structures. One of the major advantages of these materials as compared with metals is the basic way in which heterogeneity resist crack extension. In a fiber/matrix composite system, the fibers tend to cause cracks to form at closer spacing and delay the formation of a large crack. The enhancement of local failure such as fiber breaking, matrix cracking and interface debonding further reduces the energy level which might have otherwise reached the point of catastrophic failure. Even though substantial tests have been made on composite materials, little has been gained in the understanding and development of a predic tive procedure for composite failure. There are fundamental difficulties associated with incorporating the nonhomogeneous and anisotropic prop erties of the composite into the continuum mechanics analysis. Additional uncertainties arise from voids and defects that are introduced in the composite during manufacturing. Even a small quantity of mechanical imperfections can cause a marked influence on the composite strength. Moreover, the interface properties between the fibers and matrix or bonded laminae can also affect the load transmission characteristics significantly. It would be impossible to establish predictive procedures for composite failure unless realistic guidelines could be developed to control the manufacturing quality of composite systems.