Quantifying the Unknown
Quantifying the Unknown

Author: Fredrik Søreide

Publisher: Saint Philip Street Press

Published: 2020-10-09

Total Pages: 136

ISBN-13: 9781013294204

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"Copper, zinc, gold and silver mineralizations exist on the deep ocean floor, at great depths, on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge between Jan Mayen and Spitsbergen. None of these mineralizations within Norwegian jurisdiction have been thoroughly investigated yet, but they are likely to contain significant amounts of minerals and metals crucial to society and the 'Green Shift'. Should these mineralizations, which contain minerals and metals that you and I use every day, be developed and mined? The question is premature: we need to know more before we can answer it. We need to know more about the formation, location and characteristics of these potential deposits, as well as the environmental, social and financial consequences of potential extraction. We need to evaluate mining alternatives and how to process the extracted ore. How should we answer this question? The ultimate decisions will be determined politically, and knowledge will be the defining factor. Knowledge gained from proper mineral resource management. Quantifying the Unknown sets out to estimate the amount of minerals and metals on the deep ocean floor along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, in particular, copper, zinc, gold and silver contained in so-called 'seafloor massive sulphide deposits'. These deposits are modern analogues of those mined worldwide on land today. The method used to quantify the amounts of these resources is known as 'play analysis'. It shares aspects of methodologies used on land for similar purposes and has been employed extensively to assess untapped petroleum resources on the Norwegian Continental Shelf. Play analysis enables a quantification of the potential as well as associated uncertainty. The potential is large, but the uncertainty is also significant. Whether and how this potential is realized remains to be seen." This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors.

Fifty Years of the Law of the Sea
Fifty Years of the Law of the Sea

Author: Shigeru Oda

Publisher: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers

Published: 2003-01-01

Total Pages: 862

ISBN-13: 9789041121769

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This book is a collection of articles, primarily on the law of the sea, by Judge Shigeru Oda, who has served three successive terms of office on the Bench of the International Court of Justice, for an unprecedented 27-year tenure as Judge. A pioneer in the field of the law of the sea in the early post-war period, Judge Oda has maintained an interest in his chosen field and this collection of his works, produced over a period beginning in 1955 and spanning nearly half a century, sheds light on the rapid development of the law of the sea during this period. Those interested in understanding the law of the sea as it now stands must also understand the process by which the law has evolved since the 1950s. This book also contains a special section of Judge Oda's writings on the International Court of Justice. These chapters are aimed at elucidating the procedure of the Court.

The World Ocean
The World Ocean

Author: Wilson, Gary Warren

Publisher:

Published: 1971

Total Pages: 268

ISBN-13:

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Under pressure of more intensive and diverse uses, the legal principle of 'Freedom of Access' to marine resources is no longer sufficient to regulate man's activities in the marine environment. An analysis of the factors which must be considered in designing a workable regime for the future exploitation of the ocean was conducted. Oceanographic as well as political and economic factors are examined, and alternative solutions evaluated as to their ability to satisfy various interests and objective considerations. A recommended formula for the delimitation of coastal state jurisdiction in ocean space and a proposed structure for an International Ocean Authority to regulate activities in the area beyond national jurisdiction are advanced.

Oil in the Sea III
Oil in the Sea III

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2003-03-14

Total Pages: 278

ISBN-13: 0309084385

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Since the early 1970s, experts have recognized that petroleum pollutants were being discharged in marine waters worldwide, from oil spills, vessel operations, and land-based sources. Public attention to oil spills has forced improvements. Still, a considerable amount of oil is discharged yearly into sensitive coastal environments. Oil in the Sea provides the best available estimate of oil pollutant discharge into marine waters, including an evaluation of the methods for assessing petroleum load and a discussion about the concerns these loads represent. Featuring close-up looks at the Exxon Valdez spill and other notable events, the book identifies important research questions and makes recommendations for better analysis ofâ€"and more effective measures againstâ€"pollutant discharge. The book discusses: Inputâ€"where the discharges come from, including the role of two-stroke engines used on recreational craft. Behavior or fateâ€"how oil is affected by processes such as evaporation as it moves through the marine environment. Effectsâ€"what we know about the effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on marine organisms and ecosystems. Providing a needed update on a problem of international importance, this book will be of interest to energy policy makers, industry officials and managers, engineers and researchers, and advocates for the marine environment.