This joint-authored book brings together approximately 50 current research methods developed and implemented in research laboratories in Europe to study pesticide/soil interactions. Its usefulness for researchers, teachers and professionals concerned by the environmental impact of pesticides was one of the major elements taken into consideration when structuring this book. It will be a valuable asset to chemists, physical chemists, biochemists, biologists and geologists interested in studying the behaviour of pesticides in soils.
Pesticide-clay-water interactions; Pesticide organic matter interactions; Movement of pesticides in soil; Movement of pesticides in surface water; Volatilization of pesticides; nonbiological degradation of pesticides; Degradation of pesticides by soil microorganisms; Persistence of pesticides in soil; Effects of soil on the biological activity of pesticides; Plant uptake of insecticides, fungicides, and fumigants from soils; Effects of pesticides on microorganisms in soil and water; Effects of pesticides on nontarget invertebrates in freshwater and soil; Prevention and detoxification of pesticide residues in soil; Removal of organic pesticides from water to improve quality; Extraction and analytical techniques for pesticides in soil, sediment, and water.
Explores the role of biochemical processes in the soil environment, particularly the activity of microorganisms, and the potential application of those processes to environmental biotechnology. The 11 papers also highlight the application of molecular biology and microbial genetics to soil biology a
The interactions between the plant, soil, and microbes are very complex in nature and may be antagonistic, mutualistic, or synergistic, depending upon the types of microorganisms and their association with the plant and soil. The multi-trophictactics are involved in these types of interactions to nourish the plants in various habitats and conditions. Understanding the mechanisms of these interactions is highly desired to utilize the knowledge in such an eco-friendly and sustainable way, which may not only resolve the upcoming food security issues but also make the environment green by reducing the chemical inputs. Plant, Soil and Microbes: Mechanisms and Molecular Interactions, along with the recently published Plant, Soil and Microbes: Implications in Crop Science, provide detailed accounts of the exquisite and delicate balance between the three critical components of agronomy. Specifically, these two titles focus on the basis of nutrient exchange between the microorganisms and the host plants, the mechanism of disease protection and the recent molecular details emerged from studying this multitropic interaction. Together they provide a solid foundation for the students, teachers, and researchers interested in soil microbiology, plant pathology, ecology and agronomy.
Pesticides in the soil environment - an overview. Pesticide sources to the soil and principles of spray physics. The retention processes: mechanisms. Sorption estimates for modeling. Abiotic transformations in water, sediments, and soil. Biological transformation processes of pesticides. Volatilization and vapor transport processes. Organic chemical transport to Groundwater. Movement of pesticides into surface waters. Modeling pesticide fate in soils. Efficacy of soil-applied pesticides. Impact of pesticides on the environment. Risk/benefit and regulations. Chemical index.
That residues of pesticide and other "foreign" chemicals in food stuffs are of concern to everyone everywhere is amply attested by the reception accorded previous volumes of "Residue Reviews" and by the gratifying enthusiasm, sincerity, and efforts shown by all the in dividuals from whom manuscripts have been solicited. Despite much propaganda to the contrary, there can never be any serious question that pest-control chemicals and food-additive chemicals are essential to adequate food production, manufacture, marketing, and storage, yet without continuing surveillance and intelligent control some of those that persist in our foodstuffs could at times conceivably endanger the public health. Ensuring safety-in-use of these many chemicals is a dynamic challenge, for established ones are continually being dis placed by newly developed ones more acceptable to food technologists, pharmacologists, taxicologists, and changing pest-control requirements in progressive food-producing economies. These matters are of genuine concern to increasing numbers of governmental agencies and legislative bodies around the world, for some of these chemicals have resulted in a few mishaps from improper use. Adequate safety-in-use evaluations of any of these chemicals per sisting into our foodstuffs are not simple matters, and they incorporate the considered judgments of many individuals highly trained in a variety of complex biological, chemical, food technological, medical, pharmacological, and toxicological disciplines.
A guide to the diversity of pesticides used in modern agricultural practices, and the relevant social and environmental issues Pesticides in Crop Production offers an important resource that explores pesticide action in plants; pesticide metabolism in soil microbes, plants and animals; bioaccumulation of pesticides and sensitiveness of microbiome towards pesticides. The authors explore pesticide risk assessment, the development of pesticide resistance in pests, microbial remediation of pesticide intoxicated legumes and pesticide toxicity amelioration in plants by plant hormones. The authors include information on eco-friendly pest management. They review the impact of pesticides on soil microorganism, crops and other plants along with the impact on other organisms like aquatic fauna and terrestrial animals including human beings. The book also contains an analysis of pesticide by GC-MS/MS (Gas Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry) a reliable method for the quantification and confirmation of multiclass pesticide residues. This important book: Offers a comprehensive guide to the use of the diversity of pesticides and the pertinent social and environmental issues Explores the impact of pesticides from morphological, anatomical, physiological and biochemical perspectives Shows how pesticides affects soil microorganisms, crops and other plants along with the impact on other organisms like aquatic fauna and animals Critically examines whether chemical pesticides are boon or bane and whether they can be replaced by environmental friendly pesticides Written for students, researchers and professionals in agriculture, botany, entomology and biotechnology, Pesticides in Crop Production examines the effects of chemical pesticides and the feasibility of using bio-pesticides.
MICROBIAL INTERACTIONS AT NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY INTERFACES This book covers a wide range of topics including synthesis of nanomaterials with specific size, shape, and properties, structure-function relationships, tailoring the surface of nanomaterials for improving the properties, interaction of nanomaterials with proteins/microorganism/eukaryotic cells, and applications in different sectors. This book also provides a strong foundation for researchers who are interested to venture into developing functionalized nanomaterials for any biological applications in their research. Practical concepts such as modelling nanomaterials, and simulating the molecular interactions with biomolecules, transcriptomic or genomic approaches, advanced imaging techniques to investigate the functionalization of nanomaterials/interaction of nanomaterials with biomolecules and microorganisms are some of the chapters that offer significant benefits to the researchers.
Herbicide use is a common component of many weed management strategies in both agricultural and non-crop settings. However, herbicide use practices and recommendations are continuously updated and revised to provide control of ever-changing weed compositions and to preserve efficacy of current weed control options. Herbicides - Current Research and Case Studies in Use provides information about current trends in herbicide use and weed control in different land and aquatic settings as well as case studies in particular weed control situations.
This book reviews the occurrence and fate of pesticides in soils, their impact on soil quality and soil ecosystems, and it also provides a comprehensive overview of the latest prevention and remediation strategies of soil contamination. Chapters from expert contributors cover topics such as soil pollution monitoring, the role of dissolved organic matter on the environmental fate of pesticides in soils, the effects of pesticides on soil microbial communities, plant uptake of pesticides from soils, and nano-based pesticides. Particular attention is given to the latest physicochemical and biological technologies developed to immobilize or degrade pesticides, preventing soil and water pollution. Given its scope, the book will appeal to researchers, professionals, including environmental chemists, engineers, ecologists, and policy-makers responsible for soil management.
