Parameters of Turbulent Atmospheres
Author: S. P. Zimmerman
Publisher:
Published: 1966
Total Pages: 12
ISBN-13:
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Turbulence in the Free Atmosphere
Author: N. Vinnichenko
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2013-11-11
Total Pages: 318
ISBN-13: 1475701004
DOWNLOAD EBOOKTurbulence-the randomly disordered movement of volumes of air of widely varying size-is one of the characteristic features of atmospheric air flows; its investigation is essential for the solution of several theoretical and practical problems. Until recently, owing to experimental difficulties, research on turbu lence was confmed mainly to the lower half of the troposphere. Theoretical investigations have consequently been based on these data. The rapid development of high-altitude aviation and cases of aircraft encoun tering hazardous turbulence led to a sharp intensification of research on turbu lence in the atmosphere up to 10-12 km, and subsequently at greater altitudes. Such research was confined initially to the characterization of the frequency of occurrence of gusts of different speeds, their relation to altitude, geographical conditions, time of day and year, and so on. At the end of the fifties, when the required measuring equipment and experimental techniques had been developed, it became possible to investigate the complete statistical characteristics of turbu lence: the spectral densities of the velocity fluctuations of air flows, structure functions, etc. These data stimulated the further development of theory related to the specific conditions of the free atmosphere.
Turbulence in the Atmosphere
Author: John C. Wyngaard
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 2010-01-28
Total Pages: 407
ISBN-13: 1139485520
DOWNLOAD EBOOKBased on his over forty years of research and teaching, John C. Wyngaard's textbook is an excellent up-to-date introduction to turbulence in the atmosphere and in engineering flows for advanced students, and a reference work for researchers in the atmospheric sciences. Part I introduces the concepts and equations of turbulence. It includes a rigorous introduction to the principal types of numerical modeling of turbulent flows. Part II describes turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer. Part III covers the foundations of the statistical representation of turbulence and includes illustrative examples of stochastic problems that can be solved analytically. The book treats atmospheric and engineering turbulence in a unified way, gives clear explanation of the fundamental concepts of modeling turbulence, and has an up-to-date treatment of turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer. Student exercises are included at the ends of chapters, and worked solutions are available online for use by course instructors.
Astronomical Optics
Author: Daniel J. Schroeder
Publisher: Elsevier
Published: 2012-12-02
Total Pages: 367
ISBN-13: 032313856X
DOWNLOAD EBOOKWritten by a recognized expert in the field, this clearly presented, well-illustrated book provides both advanced level students and professionals with an authoritative, thorough presentation of the characteristics, including advantages and limitations, of telescopes and spectrographic instruments used by astronomers of today. - Written by a recognized expert in the field - Provides both advanced level students and professionals with an authoritative, thorough presentation of the characteristics, including advantages and limitations, of telescopes and spectrographic instruments used by astronomers of today
Climate Change and Terrestrial Ecosystem Modeling
Author: Gordon Bonan
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 2019-02-21
Total Pages: 459
ISBN-13: 1107043786
DOWNLOAD EBOOKProvides an essential introduction to modeling terrestrial ecosystems in Earth system models for graduate students and researchers.
Adaptive Beaming and Imaging in the Turbulent Atmosphere
Author: Vladimir Petrovich Lukin
Publisher: SPIE Press
Published: 2002
Total Pages: 222
ISBN-13: 9780819443373
DOWNLOAD EBOOKDue to the wide application of adaptive optical systems, an understanding of optical wave propagation in randomly inhomogeneous media has become essential, and several numerical models of individual AOS components and of efficient correction algorithms have been developed. This monograph contains detailed descriptions of the mathematical experiments that were designed and carried out during more than a decade's worth of research.
Adaptive Optics in Astronomy
Author: François Roddier
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 1999-06-17
Total Pages: 421
ISBN-13: 052155375X
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAdaptive optics is set to revolutionise the future of astronomy; this is the first book on the subject and is set to become the standard reference.
Mechanics of Turbulence of Multicomponent Gases
Author: Mikhail Ya. Marov
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2006-04-18
Total Pages: 394
ISBN-13: 0306480921
DOWNLOAD EBOOKSpace exploration and advanced astronomy have dramatically expanded our knowledge of outer space and made it possible to study the indepth mechanisms underlying various natural phenomena caused by complex interaction of physical-chemical and dynamical processes in the universe. Huge breakthroughs in astrophysics and the planetary s- ences have led to increasingly complicated models of such media as giant molecular clouds giving birth to stars, protoplanetary accretion disks associated with the solar system’s formation, planetary atmospheres and circumplanetary space. The creation of these models was promoted by the development of basic approaches in modern - chanics and physics paralleled by the great advancement in the computer sciences. As a result, numerous multidimensional non-stationary problems involving the analysis of evolutionary processes can be investigated using wide-range numerical experiments. Turbulence belongs to the most widespread and, at the same time, the most complicated natural phenomena, related to the origin and development of organized structures (- dies of different scale) at a definite flow regime of fluids in essentially non-linear - drodynamic systems. This is also one of the most complex and intriguing sections of the mechanics of fluids. The direct numerical modeling of turbulent flows encounters large mathematical difficulties, while the development of a general turbulence theory is hardly possible because of the complexity of interacting coherent structures. Three-dimensional non-steady motions arise in such a system under loss of la- nar flow stability defined by the critical value of the Reynolds number.
Turbulence and Diffusion in the Atmosphere
Author: Alfred K. Blackadar
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2012-12-06
Total Pages: 185
ISBN-13: 3642604811
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book grew out of an introductory course that I was invited to teach on a number of occasions to senior and graduate level students at the University of Kid. I have cherished these opportunities in part because I was never required to conduct examinations or give grades. For the students, however, my good fortune presented special problems that induced my sympathy: in addition to having to contend with a foreign language, they would eventually have to confront an examiner with his own ideas about what they should have learned. Although I always left a copy of my lecture notes with this person, they were too sketchy to be of much use. The present book is an attempt to solve some of these problems. The content is intended to be as broad as possible within the limitations of an introductory one-semester course. It aims at providing an insightful view of present understanding, emphasizing the methods and the history of their development. In particular I have tried to expose the power of intuitive reasoning - the nature of tensor invariants, the usefulness of dimensional analysis, and the relevance of scales of physical quantities in the inference of relationships. I know of no other subject that has benefited more from these important tools, which seem to be widely neglected in the teaching of more fundamental disciplines.
Coherent Doppler Wind Lidars in a Turbulent Atmosphere
Author: Viktor Banakh
Publisher: Artech House
Published: 2013-09-01
Total Pages: 277
ISBN-13: 1608076679
DOWNLOAD EBOOKRadiophysical tools for measuring atmospheric dynamics include sodars, Doppler radars, and Doppler lidars. Among these, coherent Doppler lidars (CDLs) have been considered the best for remote measurement of wind turbulence. This is important not only for understanding the exchange processes in the boundary layer, but also in the applied aspect, such as aviation safety. CDLs significantly extend possibilities of experimental investigation of not only wind turbulence, but also coherent structures such as aircraft wake vortices. The authors of this book conducted field tests of the developed methods of lidar measurements of the wind velocity, atmospheric turbulence parameters, and aircraft wake vortices. This valuable resource, containing over 500 equations based on original results from the authors’ work, gives professionals a comprehensive description of the operating principles of continuous wave and pulsed coherent Doppler lidars. This book studies the possibilities of obtaining information about wind turbulence from data measured by continuous wave and pulsed CDLs. The procedures for estimation are described, as well as algorithms for numerical simulation. Results on the vortex behavior and evolution are then presented.
