Measuring Transport Equity provides a range of methods with the potential to shape transport decision-making processes, thus allowing for the adoption of more equitable transport solutions. Presenting numerous applied methods and applications of transport equity assessment, this book formalizes the disciplinary practice, definitions, and methodologies for transport equity. In addition, it recognizes the different types of equity and acknowledges that each requires its own assessment methodologies. Bringing together the most up-to-date perspectives and practical approaches for assessing equity in relation to accessibility, environmental impacts, health, and wellbeing, the book sets standards for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners for conducting social impact analyses and is an ideal reference for those involved in transport planning.
The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) established the Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement (CMAQ) Program. The CMAQ Program emphasizes the importance of the link between transportation and air quality, by providing 6 billion dollars between 1992-1997 for transportation projects and programs to improve air quality. Consequently, many areas will be able to implement transportation control measures (TCMs), in compliance with the mandates of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (CAAA).
Today the challenges facing our nation's metropolitan regions are enormous: demographic change, aging infrastructure, climate change mitigation and adaptation, urban sprawl, spatial segregation, gentrification, education, housing affordability, regional equity, and more. Unfortunately, local governments do not have the capacity to respond to the interlocking set of problems facing metropolitan regions, and future challenges such as population growth and climate change will not make it easier. But will we ever have a more effective and sustainable approach to developing the metropolitan region? The answer may depend on our ability to develop a means to govern a metropolitan region that promotes population density, regional public transit systems, and the equitable development of city and suburbs within a system of land use and planning that is by and large a local one. If we want to plan for sustainable regions we need to understand and strengthen existing metropolitan planning arrangements. Christina D. Rosan observes that policy-makers and scholars have long agreed that we need metropolitan governance, but they have debated the best approach. She argues that we need to have a more nuanced understanding of both metropolitan development and local land use planning. She interviews over ninety local and regional policy-makers in Portland, Denver, and Boston, and compares the uses of collaboration and authority in their varying metropolitan planning processes. At one end of the spectrum is Portland's approach, which leverages its authority and mandates local land use; at the other end is Boston's, which offers capacity building and financial incentives in the hopes of garnering voluntary cooperation. Rosan contends that most regions lie somewhere in between and only by understanding our current hybrid system of local land use planning and metropolitan governance will we be able to think critically about what political arrangements and tools are necessary to support the development of environmentally, economically, and socially sustainable metropolitan regions.
Chronicling the polarized partisan environment during the President Donald Trump’s term, Congress and the Nation 2017-2020, Vol. XV will be the most authoritative reference on congressional lawmaking and trends during the 115th and 116th Congresses. Congress and the Nation is a unique reference product, rivaled only by the annual editions of the CQ Almanac in its coverage of the legislative and policymaking activities of the U.S. national legislature. After its original publication in the mid-1960s in a one-volume work covering 20 years (1945-1965) of lawmaking, the succeeding editions (vols. II – XIII) have been focused on 4 years of lawmaking activity under succeeding presidential administrations. Each new quadrennial edition is organized into 14 policy-centered chapters (economy, homeland security [since vol. XI], foreign policy, defense policy, energy and environment, health, etc.) and two chapters that cover matters internal to Congress and the presidential administration. The policy chapters cover the major legislative activities in the two numbered congresses convened during the four year period. The result is a narrative and analytical account of the lawmaking by the U.S. Congress that provides students, scholars and journalists with a digestible and accurate retrospective accounts difficult to find or reconstruct from news media, as well as longer term historical perspective of congressional lawmaking. This is a landmark series for CQ Press that has proven its value among librarians for decades
