This reference covers in detail the preparation and application of current and emerging organic materials used as xerographic photoreceptors, emphasizing the photo-electric properties of organic solids and evaluating their potential use in xerography.;Reviewing the development of xerography and the steps in the xerographic process, this volume: summarizes the properties, advantages and disadvantages of various classes of materials used as photoreceptors; describes the methods of characterizing the sensitometry of xerographic photoreceptors; examines the physics and chemistry of photogeneration and charge transport processes; and elucidates the sensimetry of different classes of organic materials.;Organic Photoreceptors for Imaging Systems is intended for imaging scientists, optical engineers and physicists, organic chemists, materials scienctists and students in these disciplines.
Presents fundamental, as well as state-of-the-art, information on the physics, chemistry, materials, fabrication, preparation, application and performance of organic photoreceptors in xerography. The book offers on-the-job situations to problems related to xerographic photoreceptors and related technologies, including electroluminescent, photorefractive, photovoltaic and transistor devices.
The influence of light on the lives of living organisms is all-pervasive, affecting movement, vision, behavior, and physiological activity. This book is a biophysically grounded comparative survey of how animals detect light and perceive their surroundings. Included are discussions of photoreceptors, light emitters, and eyes. The book focuses in particular on the kinds of optical systems that have evolved, beginning with unicellular organisms that detect and respond to light through to more advanced and complex designs for imaging. The relevance of these studies extends beyond biology, since these findings can be used to help develop photoreceptor energy conversion and information systems, and optical imaging devices with a wide range of everyday applications. The book will appeal to biophysicists, photobiologists, bioengineers, neuroscientists, and all researchers working in the area of vision and visual optics.
Organic light-emitting diode(OLED) technology has achieved significant penetration in the commercial market for small, low-voltage and inexpensive displays. Present and future novel technologies based on OLEDs involve rigid and flexible flat panel displays, solid-state lighting, and lasers. Display applications may range from hand-held devices to large flat panel screens that can be rolled up or hung flat on a wall or a ceiling. Organic Electroluminescence gives an overview of the on-going research in the field of organic light-emitting materials and devices, covering the principles of electroluminescence in organic thin films, as well as recent trends, current applications, and future potential uses. The book begins by giving a background of organic electroluminescence in terms of history and basic principles. It offers details on the mechanism(s) of electroluminescence in thin organic films. It presentsin-depth discussions of the parameters that control the external electroluminescence quantum efficiency including the photoluminescence quantum yield, the light-output coupling factor, carrier/charge injection and transport, and electron and hole recombination processes in organic semiconductors. The authors address the design and the characterization of amorphous charge transport materials with high glass transition temperatures, light-emitting small molecules and conjugated polymers. The book covers state-of-the-art concepts and technologies such as fluorescent and phosphorescent OLEDs, various approaches for patterning organics, and active matrix organic emissive displays including their back panel thin film transistors and pixel electronics. It concludes by summarizing future directions for OLEDs in organic light-emitting displays, large area distributed solid state light sources, and lasers using organic thin films, nanostructures, and photonic crystals. Organic Electroluminescence is an excellent resource and reference for stu
"Presents the most recent developments in the materials, properties, and performance characteristics of photographic, electrophotographic, electrostatic, diazo, and ink jet imaging processes. Provides current techniques and modern applications for ink jet, thermal, and toner-related imaging systems."
Compiling the most influential papers from the IEICE Transactions in Communications, High-Performance Backbone Network Technology examines critical breakthroughs in the design and provision of effective public service networks in areas including traffic control, telephone service, real-time video transfer, voice and image transmission for a content delivery network (CDN), and Internet access. The contributors explore system structures, experimental prototypes, and field trials that herald the development of new IP networks that offer quality-of-service (QoS), as well as enhanced security, reliability, and function. Offers many hints and guidelines for future research in IP and photonic backbone network technologies
Examining classic theories, experimental methods, and practical formulas for exploration of the core topics in nonlinear optics, the second edition of this acclaimed text was extensively revised to reflect recent advances in the analysis and modification of material properties for application in frequency conversion, optical switching and limiting,
Written by a specialist in the field, this title explores advanced concepts in the mathematical representation of polarization, descriptors and various optical elements used in the analysis of polarization in multiple applications.
The vast technological potential of nanocrystalline materials, as well as current intense interest in the physics and chemistry of nanoscale phenomena, has led to explosive growth in research on semiconductor nanocrystals, also known as nanocrystal quantum dots, and metal nanoparticles. Semiconductor and Metal Nanocrystals addresses current topics impacting the field including synthesis and assembly of nanocrystals, theory and spectroscopy of interband and intraband optical transitions, single-nanocrystal optical and tunneling spectroscopies, electrical transport in nanocrystal assemblies, and physical and engineering aspects of nanocrystal-based devices. Written by experts who have contributed pioneering research, this reference comprises key advances in the field of semiconductor nanocrystal quantum dots and metal nanoparticles over the past several years. Focusing specifically on nanocrystals generated through chemical techniques, Semiconductor and Metal Nanocrystals Merges investigative frontiers in physics, chemistry, and engineering Documents advances in nanocrystal synthesis and assembly Explores the theory of electronic excitations in nanoscale particles Presents comprehensive information on optical spectroscopy of interband and intraband optical transitions Reviews data on single-nanocrystal optical and tunneling spectroscopies Weighs controversies related to carrier relaxation dynamics in ultrasmall nanoparticles Discusses charge carrier transport in nanocrystal assemblies Provides examples of lasing and photovoltaic nanocrystal-based devices Semiconductor and Metal Nanocrystals is a must read for scientists, engineers, and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students interested in the physics and chemistry of nanoscale semiconductor and metal particles, as well as general nanoscale science. About the Editor: VICTOR I. KLIMOV is Team Leader, Softmatter Nanotechnology and Advanced Spectroscopy Team, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico. The recipient of the Los Alamos Fellows Prize (2000), he is a Fellow of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, leader of the Nanophotonics and Nanoelectronics Thrust of the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (U.S. Department of Energy), a member of the Los Alamos Board of Governors of the Institute for Complex Adaptive Matter, and a member of the Steering Committee for the Los Alamos Quantum Institute. He received the M.S. (1978), Ph.D. (1981), and Dr. Sci. (1993) degrees from Moscow State University, Russia.
Photoinduced charge transfer constitutes the scientific basis of photography, electrophotography and many biological processes. In addition, the science of charge photogeneration and transport in organic materials will be the basis of future generations of optoelectronic devices. This volume summarizes the state of the art in photoinduced charge transfer.
