Western Lives
Western Lives

Author: Richard W. Etulain

Publisher: UNM Press

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 468

ISBN-13: 9780826334725

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The life stories of many individuals are woven together to tell the history of the American West from the earliest days of westward expansion to the twentieth century.

Beyond the Devil's Road
Beyond the Devil's Road

Author: Jeremy Beer

Publisher: University of Oklahoma Press

Published: 2024-09-17

Total Pages: 475

ISBN-13: 0806195002

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The explorations of Francisco Garcés, an intrepid Franciscan friar of the eighteenth century, led to the opening of the first overland route from Mexico to California, produced new knowledge of unmapped terrain and unknown peoples, and revived dreams of Spanish imperial expansion. Beyond the Devil’s Road tells, for the first time, the full story of this extraordinary man’s epic life and journey and his critical place in the history of the American Southwest. From the moment he took up residence at the lonely mission of San Xavier del Bac in 1768, Garcés stood out among his fellow Spaniards for both the affection he showed the region’s Native peoples and his bravery. Traveling thousands of miles through modern Arizona, California, and Nevada to gather information for his superiors and preach to the unbaptized, he engaged the Indians of the Southwest with a respect for their ways and customs unprecedented among his peers, presaging a new—and better—model for cultural encounters. Along the way, he contacted more Indigenous groups than any other missionary of his time, often as the first European to do so. Garcés also paved the way and served as a guide for the famous expeditions of Juan Bautista de Anza in 1774 and 1775–76, bringing the first Spanish settlers to California—before the road he’d helped to open led to his death in the Quechan uprising of 1781. Consulting archives on three continents, including previously untapped sources and Garcés’s extensive diaries and letters, long obscured by unyielding language and handwriting, Beer crafts a nuanced and thoroughly engaging account of this incomparable explorer, groundbreaking missionary, and central actor in New Spain’s final sustained effort to expand its dominion into the lands that would become the American Southwest.

Women and the Conquest of California, 1542-1840
Women and the Conquest of California, 1542-1840

Author: Virginia M. Bouvier

Publisher: University of Arizona Press

Published: 2004-08

Total Pages: 290

ISBN-13: 9780816524464

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Studies of the Spanish conquest in the Americas traditionally have explained European-Indian encounters in terms of such factors as geography, timing, and the charisma of individual conquistadores. Yet by reconsidering this history from the perspective of gender roles and relations, we see that gender ideology was a key ingredient in the glue that held the conquest together and in turn shaped indigenous behavior toward the conquerors. This book tells the hidden story of women during the missionization of California. It shows what it was like for women to live and work on that frontierÑand how race, religion, age, and ethnicity shaped female experiences. It explores the suppression of women's experiences and cultural resistance to domination, and reveals the many codes of silence regarding the use of force at the missions, the treatment of women, indigenous ceremonies, sexuality, and dreams. Virginia Bouvier has combed a vast array of sourcesÑ including mission records, journals of explorers and missionaries, novels of chivalry, and oral historiesÑ and has discovered that female participation in the colonization of California was greater and earlier than most historians have recognized. Viewing the conquest through the prism of gender, Bouvier gives new meaning to the settling of new lands and attempts to convert indigenous peoples. By analyzing the participation of womenÑ both Hispanic and IndianÑ in the maintenance of or resistance to the mission system, Bouvier restores them to the narrative of the conquest, colonization, and evangelization of California. And by bringing these voices into the chorus of history, she creates new harmonies and dissonances that alter and enhance our understanding of both the experience and meaning of conquest.

Anza's California expeditions
Anza's California expeditions

Author: H.E. Bolton

Publisher: Рипол Классик

Published: 1930

Total Pages: 485

ISBN-13: 5881632745

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Anza's California expeditions. Volume 3. The San Francisco colony. Diaries of anza, font's and eixarch, and narratives by Palou and Moraga. Translated from the original Spanish manuscript and edited by Herbert Eugene Bolton.

The March of Portola and the Discovery of the Bay of San Francisco
The March of Portola and the Discovery of the Bay of San Francisco

Author: Zoeth Skinner Eldredge

Publisher: Good Press

Published: 2023-10-28

Total Pages: 80

ISBN-13:

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In 'The March of Portola and the Discovery of the Bay of San Francisco,' editors Zoeth Skinner Eldredge and E. J. Molera curate a riveting collection that explores the historical expedition that led to the European discovery of the San Francisco Bay Area. Through a rich tapestry of diary entries, letters, and official reports, the collection presents a varied literary landscape, reflecting the multifaceted nature of this pivotal moment in history. It stands as a significant contribution to the understanding of early Californian and American exploration narratives, offering readers insight into the journey's challenges, revelations, and the subsequent impact on indigenous populations and European settlements. The anthology's strength lies in its diversity of perspectives and literary styles, encapsulating the complexity of exploration and colonization. The contributions of Zoeth Skinner Eldredge and E. J. Molera, both esteemed in their own rights as historians and scholars, bring forth a collective expertise in Californias early history. Their backgrounds provide a rich and nuanced foundation for the anthology, allowing it to resonate with authenticity and scholarly rigor. Aligning with historical and cultural movements of exploration and colonial frontiers, the collection invites readers into a dialogue with the past, piecing together narratives from those who marched with Portola. 'The March of Portola and the Discovery of the Bay of San Francisco' is an indispensable resource for readers interested in the confluence of exploration, historical documentation, and the nuanced perspectives of those who witnessed the dawn of European influence in California. This anthology not only offers an educational journey through a pivotal moment in history but also enriches the reader's understanding of the cultural and environmental transformations that ensued. It is an invitation to explore the complexities and the multifaceted narratives of discovery, making it a valuable addition to the libraries of historians, scholars, and anyone intrigued by the shaping of Americas frontiers.