Notes on the History of Argentine Independence

Notes on the History of Argentine Independence

Author: Charles W Whittemore

Publisher: Legare Street Press

Published: 2023-07-18

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781019580875

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In this insightful historical study, Charles W. Whittemore explores the complex factors that led to Argentina's independence from Spain. Drawing on a wide range of primary sources, as well as his own extensive research, Whittemore offers a compelling account of this pivotal moment in South American history. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.


Notes on the History of Argentine Independence

Notes on the History of Argentine Independence

Author: C. W. Whittemore

Publisher: CreateSpace

Published: 2015-10-17

Total Pages: 28

ISBN-13: 9781518654572

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This collection of literature attempts to compile many classics that have stood the test of time and offer them at a reduced, affordable price in an attractive volume so that everyone can enjoy them.


Notes on the History of Argentine Independence

Notes on the History of Argentine Independence

Author: Charles W. Whittemore

Publisher: Forgotten Books

Published: 2017-11-21

Total Pages: 40

ISBN-13: 9780331623741

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Excerpt from Notes on the History of Argentine Independence: A Paper Read by Mr. C. W. Whittemore, February 6th, 1920, Before the American Club, Buenos Aires A noteworthy feature, the only one in all Spanish America, of the primary Argentine colonization was that it absorbed the Indian population. In Peru as in Mexico and elsewhere, the conquerors implanted a feudalism which had as its principal basis the distribution of the natives as laborers among the mine and ranch owners. The Indian races crossed with the Spaniards but were not assimilated. In the Argentine, on the contrary, the Indians were assimilated, there was a minimum of op pression, a limitation to human exploitation, a rudimentary recognition of equality, with the result that at an early day the native sons were the backbone of the settlements, assumed positions of authority, lead exploring exped itions and founded other colonies. Seeds of eventual freedom were planted from the very beginning. Spain settled America for the benefit of Spain, the welfare of the colonies was never considered, and one of the fundamental manifestations of this erroneous policy was the creation of arbitrary trade routes in oppositionto natural laws. Buenos Aires waslocated at the junction of a system of rivers and was readily accessible from Transatlantic ports, yet all legitimate commerce had to come via Panama and Peru, pay heavy sea and land freight charges, multiplied internal customs dues and much unnecessary handling, to the extent that by the time merchandise reached Bue nos Aires, its cost had been increased 500 to 600 percent. Contraband flourished, ably and actively assisted by the British and Portuguese from the headquarters at Colonia, just across the river. The trade-route policy of Spain provoked in the Argentine a spirit of steadily growing hostility which smouldered for many years before the outbreak came. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.


Notes on the History of Argentine Independence - Primary Source Edition

Notes on the History of Argentine Independence - Primary Source Edition

Author: Charles W. Whittemore

Publisher: Nabu Press

Published: 2014-01

Total Pages: 42

ISBN-13: 9781294517467

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This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.


Notes on the History of Argentine Independence

Notes on the History of Argentine Independence

Author: Charles W. Whittemore

Publisher: DigiCat

Published: 2022-06-02

Total Pages: 33

ISBN-13:

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Notes on the History of Argentine Independence by Mr. C. W. Whittemore as of February 6th, 1920, Before the American Club, Buenos Aires. He discusses the brief history of the Buenos Aires government and how the argentine fought for their independence. It's a great history book for the Argentines.


Argentina Since Independence

Argentina Since Independence

Author: Leslie Bethell

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 1993-10-29

Total Pages: 422

ISBN-13: 9780521439886

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A single volume discussing economic, social, and political history of Argentina since independence.


From Struggle to Sovereignty

From Struggle to Sovereignty

Author: Diego Alejandro Jimenez

Publisher: Independently Published

Published: 2023-04-13

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Hello, my name is Diego Alejandro Jiménez, and I am passionate about history, particularly the history of Argentina's independence. As an avid reader and researcher, I have spent countless hours studying and analyzing the events and people that led to Argentina's separation from Spanish colonial rule. With a deep understanding of the political, social, and economic factors that influenced the struggle for independence, I am well-equipped to provide a comprehensive and insightful analysis of this pivotal period in Argentine history. Whether you are a fellow history enthusiast, a student, or simply someone interested in learning more about Argentina's past, I am confident that my book will prove valuable. In addition to my extensive research and analysis of Argentina's independence, I have also published several articles and essays on the topic, both in academic journals and popular publications. Through these writings, I have sought to share my insights with a wider audience and encourage greater appreciation for Argentina's rich cultural heritage. So if you are looking for a knowledgeable and passionate historian to help you better understand the fascinating history of Argentina's independence, look no further than From Struggle to Sovereignty: The Epic Story of Argentina's Road to Independence by Diego Alejandro Jiménez


Revolution and Restoration

Revolution and Restoration

Author: Mark D. Szuchman

Publisher: U of Nebraska Press

Published: 1994-01-01

Total Pages: 312

ISBN-13: 9780803242289

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The question that still engages the attention of Latin American historians is the amount of real change that occurred with the achievement of political independence from Spain in the early nineteenth century. In this collection, historians examine the social, political, and economic history of Argentina from the onset of the Bourbon Imperial reforms of 1776 through formal independence, social disorder, and dictatorship until the foundation of the modern bourgeois democratic state in 1860. Argentina in this period was particularly influential in shaping broader Latin American political and intellectual currents, so that an examination of Argentina’s situation has important implications for the Latin American republics.


Colonial Argentina: The History of Argentina's Colonization and Struggle for Independence

Colonial Argentina: The History of Argentina's Colonization and Struggle for Independence

Author: Charles River Editors

Publisher: Independently Published

Published: 2019-03-25

Total Pages: 54

ISBN-13: 9781091564329

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*Includes pictures *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading Naturally, the arrival in 1492 of Christopher Columbus on the leeward islands of the Bahamas triggered the first of the great permutations that would reshape South America and Mesoamerica forever. Though he was Italian, Columbus sailed as an agent of Spain's Catholic Monarchs, Ferdinand and Isabella, and "discovered" the New World in the name of the Kingdoms of Aragon and Castile. By the time Columbus started setting east from the New World, he had explored San Salvador in the Bahamas (which he thought was Japan), Cuba (which he thought was China), and Hispaniola, the source of gold. As the common story goes, Columbus, en route back to Spain from his first journey, called in at Lisbon as a courtesy to brief the Portuguese King John II of his discovery of the New World. King John subsequently protested that according to the 1479 Treaty of Alcáçovas, which divided the Atlantic Ocean between Spanish and Portuguese spheres of influence, the newly discovered lands rightly belonged to Portugal. To make clear the point, a Portuguese fleet was authorized and dispatched west from the Tagus to lay claim to the "Indies," which prompted a flurry of diplomatic activity in the court of Ferdinand and Isabella. At the time, Spain lacked the naval power to prevent Portugal from acting on this threat, and the result was the hugely influential 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas. The Treaty of Tordesillas was one of the most important documents of its kind of the age, for it established the essential parameters of the two competing empires, the first of the major European imperial entities. The Treaty of Tordesillas drew an imaginary line from pole to pole, running 100 leagues west of the westernmost islands of the Azores. According to the terms of a supporting papal bull, all the lands to the west of that belonged to Spain, and all of those to the east belonged to Portugal. What this meant in practical terms was that Portugal was given Africa and the Indian Ocean while Spain was granted all the lands to the west, including the Americas and the Caribbean, all collectively known as the "Indies," or the New World. The Treaty of Tordesillas, however, contained an anomaly. Unknown at the time to its drafters, the treaty's line cut across the westernmost brow of South America, more or less from the mouth of the Amazon to Porto Alegre, both in modern Brazil, meaning that everything to the east of that legally belonged to Portugal. This fact was only revealed in 1500 thanks to an expedition by the Portuguese mariner Pedro Álvares Cabral. While en route to India, his expedition sailed in a wide arc in the mid-Atlantic searching for the trade winds and unexpectedly landed off the coast of the South American mainland. There was little the Spanish could do about it, and as a consequence, the vast Portuguese colony of Brazil was established in a region nominally claimed by Spain. Perhaps inevitably, a regional rivalry had developed as the Portuguese began to establish a colony in Brazil and push its boundaries southwards. After the conquest of the Incas in the 1530s, the Portuguese threat prompted the authorization of a second expedition, commanded this time by Pedro de Mendoza with a force of some 1,500 men. The party arrived at the mouth of the Río de la Plata in 1536, and there Mendoza founded the settlement of Nuestra Señora Santa María del Buen Ayre. This was the basis of the future city of Buenos Aires, but its establishment was not without resistance from surrounding tribes, marking the kind of conflicts that would shape the history and independence movements of Argentina over the next 300 years.