Quaestiones Super Geometriam Euclidis
Author: Nicole Oresme
Publisher: Brill Archive
Published: 1961
Total Pages: 208
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKContains a English translation of Questions 1-21 with a bibliography.
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Nicole Oresme, Questiones Super Geometriam Euclidis
Author: Nicole Oresme
Publisher: Franz Steiner Verlag Wiesbaden GmbH
Published: 2010
Total Pages: 216
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKNicole Oresme (ca. 1320-1384) was one of the most important intellectual figures of the scholastic period: not only was he a leading philosopher, theologian, astronomer and mathematician, but he was also involved in practical matters - he was secretary to the king of France, he was bishop of Lisieux, and he was involved in the assessment of coins and associated political problems. He took part in the teaching of scholastic philosophy, writing numerous commentaries on Aristotle. His contributions to the so-called "latitude of forms", i.e. the quantification of qualities, are universally recognized in modern scholarship. Also connected with university education are his Questiones on the Elements of Euclid, the basic and most widely read of the Greek mathematical classics. These Questiones cannot be regarded as a commentary, but rather examine problems suggested by Euclid's text. Among the subjects investigated are the quantitative change of qualities, e.g. of velocity, colours or heat, in time. There are penetrating analyses of infinite and infinitesimal qualities.
Nicole Oresme, Questiones super Physicam (Books I-VII)
Author:
Publisher: BRILL
Published: 2013-03-28
Total Pages: 897
ISBN-13: 9004250255
DOWNLOAD EBOOKOresme's commentary is one of the most relevant documents of the discussions at Paris University in the midst of the 14th Century. Original solutions concerning the main philosophical issues are associated with sharp criticism of the realist and nominalist positions.
De Visione Stellarum
Author: Dan Burton
Publisher: BRILL
Published: 2007
Total Pages: 334
ISBN-13: 9004153705
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIn this critical edition of Nicole Oresme's 14th-century treatise on atmospheric refraction, Oresme uses optics and infinitesimals to help solve this vexing problem of astronomy, proposing that light travels along a curve through the atmosphere, centuries before Hooke and Newton.
La mesure de l’être
Author: Sylvain Roudaut
Publisher: BRILL
Published: 2021-12-28
Total Pages: 443
ISBN-13: 9004501894
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe aim of this book is to analyze the problem of the intensity of forms in the late Middle Ages and to show how this debate eventually gave rise to a new metaphysical project in the 14th century: the project of quantifying the different types of perfections existing in the universe – that is the project of “measuring being”. Cet ouvrage se propose d’analyser l’histoire du débat relatif à l’intensité des formes au Moyen Âge, et de retracer la manière dont il conduisit au XIVe siècle à l’émergence d’un projet métaphysique nouveau : celui de quantifier les perfections contenues dans l’univers et, ainsi, de “mesurer l’être”.
The Development of Mathematics in Medieval Europe
Author: Menso Folkerts
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Published: 2024-10-28
Total Pages: 355
ISBN-13: 1040236693
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe Development of Mathematics in Medieval Europe complements the previous collection of articles by Menso Folkerts, Essays on Early Medieval Mathematics, and deals with the development of mathematics in Europe from the 12th century to about 1500. In the 12th century European learning was greatly transformed by translations from Arabic into Latin. Such translations in the field of mathematics and their influence are here described and analysed, notably al-Khwarizmi's "Arithmetic" -- through which Europe became acquainted with the Hindu-Arabic numerals -- and Euclid's "Elements". Five articles are dedicated to Johannes Regiomontanus, perhaps the most original mathematician of the 15th century, and to his discoveries in trigonometry, algebra and other fields. The knowledge and application of Euclid's "Elements" in 13th- and 15th-century Italy are discussed in three studies, while the last article treats the development of algebra in South Germany around 1500, where much of the modern symbolism used in algebra was developed.
A History of Medieval Philosophy
Author: Frederick C. Copleston S.J.
Publisher: University of Notre Dame Pess
Published: 1990-01-30
Total Pages: 416
ISBN-13: 0268161054
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIn this classic work, Frederick C. Copleston, S.J., outlines the development of philosophical reflection in Christian, Islamic, and Jewish thought from the ancient world to the late medieval period. A History of Medieval Philosophy is an invaluable general introduction that also includes longer treatments of such leading thinkers as Aquinas, Scotus, and Ockham.
Measure of a Different Greatness
Author: Anne Davenport
Publisher: BRILL
Published: 2021-10-11
Total Pages: 458
ISBN-13: 9004452877
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis volume examines a selection of late medieval works devoted to the intensive infinite in order to draw a comprehensive picture of the context, character and importance of scholastic efforts to reason philosophically about divine infinity. As Dominican masters face Franciscan 'spirituals' and as university-trained theologians face evangelical laymen, the purpose and meaning of divine infinity shift, reflecting a basic tension between the Church's Petrine vocation for geopolitical orthodoxy and its more Pauline mission to promote Christian orthopraxis. The first part of the book traces the scholastic defense of divine infinity from the holocaust of Montségur up to John Duns Scotus. The second part examines the semiotic breakthrough initiated by William of Ockham and the subsequent penetration of infinist theory into a wide variety of disciplines.
A Source Book in Medieval Science
Author: Edward Grant
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Published: 1974
Total Pages: 890
ISBN-13: 9780674823600
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis Source Book explores a millennium of European scientific thought accompanied by critical commentary and annotation; nearly half the selections appear for the first time in the vernacular. Representing "science" in the medieval sense, selections include alchemy, astrology, logic, and theology as well as mathematics, physics, and biology.
Polyphonic Minds
Author: Peter Pesic
Publisher: MIT Press
Published: 2022-09-13
Total Pages: 339
ISBN-13: 0262543893
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAn exploration of polyphony and the perspective it offers on our own polyphonic brains. Polyphony—the interweaving of simultaneous sounds—is a crucial aspect of music that has deep implications for how we understand the mind. In Polyphonic Minds, Peter Pesic examines the history and significance of “polyphonicity”—of “many-voicedness”—in human experience. Pesic presents the emergence of Western polyphony, its flowering, its horizons, and the perspective it offers on our own polyphonic brains. When we listen to polyphonic music, how is it that we can hear several different things at once? How does a single mind experience those things as a unity (a motet, a fugue) rather than an incoherent jumble? Pesic argues that polyphony raises fundamental issues for philosophy, theology, literature, psychology, and neuroscience—all searching for the apparent unity of consciousness in the midst of multiple simultaneous experiences. After tracing the development of polyphony in Western music from ninth-century church music through the experimental compositions of Glenn Gould and John Cage, Pesic considers the analogous activity within the brain, the polyphonic “music of the hemispheres” that shapes brain states from sleep to awakening. He discusses how neuroscientists draw on concepts from polyphony to describe the “neural orchestra” of the brain. Pesic’s story begins with ancient conceptions of God’s mind and ends with the polyphonic personhood of the human brain and body. An enhanced e-book edition allows the sound examples to be played by a touch.
