Countries are reduced to their metonyms. France is Paris, the Eiffel Tower, cheese and the Louvre. The UK is Big Ben, red phone boxes, even Sherlock Holmes. The Statue of Liberty, Washington Hill and McDonalds is the USA. Brazil, the statue of Christo Redentor or the Copacabana.What is Bosnia & Herzegovina??? New Metonyms is a book that searches for an answer to this question through photography and writing. While Bosnia & Herzegovina is gaining a reputation as an unexplored gem of Europe, it's still tied to mental associations of war. 25 years after the Bosnian War ended in 1995, echoes of the disastrous conflict still haunt the country's land- especially its international image. Created by Bosnian-Australian writer, Ennis Cehic and international photographer, Shantanu Starick the book aims to create a poetic survey of Bosnia & Herzegovina by showing contemporary landmarks, monuments, emblems and cultural signifiers that have no association to its wars.It features a comprehensive essay, poetry and short stories that work beautifully together with photography of new metonyms.
Rethinking Metonymy is the first monograph to confront and resolve issues surrounding problematic appropriations of metonymy in the humanities. By developing a ground-breaking new definition based on analysis of examples in Greek tragedy and lyric poetry, it sets an agenda for far-reaching reconsiderations in literary studies and beyond.
Modernity's Metonyms considers the representation of temporal frameworks in stories by the nineteenth-century Spanish authors, Leopoldo Alas and Antonio Ros de Olano. Adopting a metonymic approach_exploring the reiteration of specific associations across a range of disciplines, from literature, philosophy, historiography, to natural history_Modernity's Metonyms moves beyond the consideration of nineteenth-century Spanish literary modernity in terms of the problem of representation. Through an exploration of the associations prompted by three themes, the railway, food, and suicide, it argues that literary modernity can be considered as the expression of the perception that a linear model of time bringing together the past, the present and the future, was fragmenting into a proliferation of simultaneous moments. It draws French, German, American and British writers into discussion of stories by the canonical author Alas, and Ros de Olano, an author who is receiving increasing attention from scholars of nineteenth-century Spanish literature. Recent scholarship in the field of nineteenth-century Spanish literature and culture has challenged the thesis of 'retraso,' the thesis that Spain lagged far behind its European neighbors. Building on this scholarship, this monograph incorporates shorter works of experimental prose fiction into discussions of nineteenth-century literary modernity in Spain. It further expands the field by combining analysis of the writing of the canonical author, Leopoldo Alas with stories by Antonio Ros de Olano, whose work has been receiving increasing attention from scholars in the field. Rather than thinking of these works in terms of the ways they conform to established models provided by either contemporaneous French and British works, or by fin de siglo and early twentieth-century Spanish literature, Modernity's Metonyms works inductively. It builds outwards from the seven stories studies, identifying patterns of associations shared with writing by figures as diverse as Ludwig Feuerbach, Thomas Carlyle, Emilio Castelar, Briere de Boismont, P.J. Cabanis, or Jean-Anselme Brillat-Savarin. The seven stories discussed are Alas's 'Do-a Berta,' 'Zurita,' 'Cuervo' and 'Cuento futuro,' and Ros de Olano's 'Jornadas de retorno escritas por un aparecido,' 'Maese Cornelio TOcito,' and 'La noche de mOscaras.'
The general aim of this book is to contribute to a better understanding of metonymy, using the theoretical framework of cognitive linguistics. The book argues for a conceptual rather than purely linguistic basis for metonymy and explores distinctions between metonymy and other figurative language.
Common sense tells us that verbal communication should be a central concern both for the study of communication and for the study of language. Language is the most pervasive means of communication in human societies, especially if we consider the huge gamut of communication phenomena where spoken and written language combines with other modalities, such as gestures or pictures. Most communication researchers have to deal with issues of language use in their work. Classic methods in communication research - from content analysis to interviews and questionnaires, not to mention the obvious cases of rhetorical analysis and discourse analysis - presuppose the understanding of the meaning of spontaneous or elicited verbal productions. Despite its pervasiveness, verbal communication does not currently define one cohesive and distinct subfield within the communication discipline. The Handbook of Verbal Communication seeks to address this gap. In doing so, it draws not only on the communication discipline, but also on the rich interdisciplinary research on language and communication that developed over the last fifty years as linguistics interacted with the social sciences and the cognitive sciences. The interaction of linguistic research with the social sciences has produced a plethora of approaches to the study of meanings in social context - from conversation analysis to critical discourse analysis, while cognitive research on verbal communication, carried out in cognitive pragmatics as well as in cognitive linguistics, has offered insights into the interaction between language, inference and persuasion and into cognitive processes such as framing or metaphorical mapping. The Handbook of Verbal Communication volume takes into account these two traditions selecting those issues and themes that are most relevant for communication scholars. It addresses background matters such as the evolution of human verbal communication and the relationship between verbal and non-verbal means of communication and offers a an extensive discussion of the explicit and implicit meanings of verbal messages, with a focus on emotive and figurative meanings. Conversation and fundamental types of discourse, such as argument and narrative, are presented in-depth, as is the key notion of discourse genre. The nature of writing systems as well as the interaction of spoken or written language with non-verbal modalities are devoted ample attention. Different contexts of language use are considered, from the mass media and the new media to the organizational contexts. Cultural and linguistic diversity is addressed, with a focus on phenomena such as multilingual communication and translation. A key feature of the volume is the coverage of verbal communication quality. Quality is examined both from a cognitive and from a social perspective. It covers topics that range from to the cognitive processes underlying deceptive communication to the methods that can be used to assess the quality of texts in an organizational context.
The Handbook of Historical Pragmatics provides an authoritative and accessible overview of this versatile new field in pragmatics devoted to a diachronic study of language use and human interaction in context. It covers all areas of historical pragmatics from grammaticalization theory to pragmatic entities, such as discourse markers, speech acts and politeness to individual discourse domains from scientific writing to literary discourse. Each contribution, written by a leading specialist, gives a succinct, representative and up-to-date overview of research questions, theories, methods and recent developments in the field.
This book deals with the interplay between word-formation and metonymy. It shows that, like metaphor, metonymy interacts in important ways with morphological structure, but also warns us against a virtually unconstrained conception of metonymy. The central claim here is that word-formation and metonymy are distinct linguistic components that complement and mutually constrain each other. Using linguistic data from a variety of languages, the book provides ample empirical support for its thesis. It is much more than a systematic study of two neglected linguistic phenomena, for a long time thought to be unimportant by linguists. Through exposing and explaining the intricate interaction between metonymy and word formation from a cognitive linguistic perspective, the reader is presented with a sense of the amazing complexity of the development of linguistic systems. This book will be essential reading for scholars and advanced students interested in the role of figuration in grammar.
"Messages, Signs, and Meanings can be used directly in introductory courses in semiotics, communications, media, or culture studies. Additionally, it can be used as a complementary or supplementary text in courses dealing with cognate areas of investigation (psychology, mythology, education, literary studies, anthropology, linguistics). The text builds upon what readers already know intuitively about signs, and then leads them to think critically about the world in which they live - a world saturated with images of all kinds that a basic knowledge of semiotics can help filter and deconstruct. The text also provides opportunities for readers to do "hands-on" semiotics through the exercises and questions for discussion that accompany each chapter. Biographical sketches of the major figures in the field are also included, as is a convenient glossary of technical terms." "The overall plan of the book is to illustrate how message-making and meaning-making can be studied from the specific vantage point of the discipline of semiotics. This third edition also includes updated discussions of information technology throughout, focusing especially on how meanings are now negotiated through such channels as websites, chat rooms, and instant messages."--Jacket.
Seminar paper from the year 2020 in the subject Communications - Public Relations, Advertising, Marketing, Social Media, grade: 2,3, RWTH Aachen University (Institut für Anglistik und Amerikanistik), language: English, abstract: The present paper deals with metaphors and metonyms in advertising. With the focus on the following question: "Why is it common to use Metaphor and Metonymy in advertisements?" it should be explained step by step why these concepts became common in advertising media. Living in the 20th century, we are experiencing a huge development in technology compared to the past. In the past it was only possible to distribute advertising through television, radio and newspapers. Nowadays new possibilities are coming up through the expansion of social media. Since almost everybody owns a smartphone, most of the people are always available. This gives new opportunities to the advertising industry. For this purpose, the first step is to try to present the complex concept of metaphor in a concise way. However, this can only be done superficially in the scope of this term paper, otherwise the scope of the work will be exceeded. Furthermore, a short explanation of target and source domain is given. In the second chapter the topic of metonymy is then summarized. Again, it should be noted that an appropriate, detailed description would exceed the limits of the work. In the third part of the work the actual effect of metaphors and metonyms in advertisements will be illustrated. Images from a ‘Deutsche Bank’ advertising campaign are used for this purpose. The first part of this chapter presents the company ‘Deutsche Bank’ as such. This is considered important because the values of the company could be reflected in their campaigns and that aspect, therefore would be important for the following analysis. This is followed by an analysis of the images used in terms of metaphor and metonymy. In the analysis of the metaphors, the focus is on target/source domain. In the last chapter of the paper, the work is briefly summarized. The results are listed and answered regarding the question posed. A short summary forms the end of the work
