New Frontiers in Tectonic Research
New Frontiers in Tectonic Research

Author: Uri Schattner

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2011-08-09

Total Pages: 368

ISBN-13: 9533075945

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Ocean closure involves a variety of converging tectonic processes that reshape shrinking basins, their adjacent margins and the entire earth underneath. Following continental breakup, margin formation and sediment accumulation, tectonics normally relaxes and the margins become passive for millions of years. However, when final convergence is at the gate, the passive days of any ocean and its margins are over or soon will be. The fate of the Mediterranean and Persian Gulf is seemingly known beforehand, as they are nestled in the midst of Africa-Arabia plate convergence with Eurasia. Over millions of years through the Cenozoic era they progressively shriveled, leaving only a glimpse of the Tethys Ocean. Eventually, the basins will adhere to the Alpine-Himalaya orogen and dissipate. This book focuses on a unique stage in the ocean closure process, when significant convergence already induced major deformations, yet the inter-plate basins and margins still record the geological history.

New Frontiers in Integrated Solid Earth Sciences
New Frontiers in Integrated Solid Earth Sciences

Author: S.A.P.L. Cloetingh

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2009-12-01

Total Pages: 424

ISBN-13: 9048127378

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Man’s intensifying use of the Earth’s habitat has led to an urgent need for scientifically advanced ‘geo-prediction systems’ that accurately locate subsurface resources and forecast the timing and magnitude of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and land subsidence. As advances in the earth sciences lead to process-oriented ways of modeling the complex processes in the solid Earth, the papers in this volume provide a survey of some recent developments at the leading edge of this highly technical discipline. The chapters cover current research in predicting the future behavior of geologic systems as well as the mapping of geologic patterns that exist now in the subsurface as frozen evidence of the past. Both techniques are highly relevant to humanity’s need for resources such as water, and will also help us control environmental degradation. The book also discusses advances made in seismological methods to obtain information on the 3D structure of the mantle and the lithosphere, and in the quantitative understanding of lithospheric scale processes. It covers recent breakthroughs in 3D seismic imaging that have enhanced the spatial resolution of these structural processes, and the move towards 4D imaging that measures these processes over time. The new frontier in modern Earth sciences described in this book has major implications for oceanographic and atmospheric sciences and our understanding of climate variability. It brings readers right up to date with the research in this vital field.

Tectonics
Tectonics

Author: Evgenii Sharkov

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2012-07-18

Total Pages: 350

ISBN-13: 9535106759

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This book is devoted to different aspects of tectonic researches, especially to modern geodynamic processes. Syntheses of recent and earlier works, combined with new results and interpretations, are presented here for diverse tectonic settings. Most of chapters include up-to-date materials of detailed geological-geophysical investigations, which can help more clearly understand the essence of mechanisms of different tectonic processes. Among general problems of tectonics are discussed processes in axes of slow-spreading mid-ocean ridges on example of central part of Mid-Atlantic Ridge and in continental collision zones. Formation of sedimentary basins are considered on examples of Niger Delta, Triassic Cuyana Basin (Argentina), and Mesozoic and Cenozoic basins of the Alpine margin (Tunisia); neotectonic processes examined in Turkey and Morocco; tectonic evolution of the southern margin of Laurasia in the Paleozoic discussed as well as interrelation of western Troms-Lofoten and the Lewisian complexes in the Midle Paleoproterozoic.

The Andaman Islands and Adjoining Offshore: Geology, Tectonics and Palaeoclimate
The Andaman Islands and Adjoining Offshore: Geology, Tectonics and Palaeoclimate

Author: Jyotiranjan S. Ray

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-02-28

Total Pages: 406

ISBN-13: 3030398439

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This book gathers peer-reviewed research articles on recent advances concerning the geology, geophysics, tectonics, geochronology, sedimentology, igneous petrology, paleo-climate and paleo-oceanography of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands of India and the adjoining ocean basins. Accordingly, it contributes significantly to readers’ understanding of the origin and evolution of the Andaman subduction zone and its various components. It also provides much-needed information on the evolution of the South Asian monsoon system since the Eocene and its link to Himalayan weathering and erosion.

The Great American Biotic Interchange
The Great American Biotic Interchange

Author: Alberto Luis Cione

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2015-04-24

Total Pages: 106

ISBN-13: 9401797927

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South American ecosystems suffered one of the greatest biogeographical events, after the establishment of the Panamian land bridge, called the “Great American Biotic Interchange” (GABI). This refers to the exchange, in several phases, of land mammals between the Americas; this event started during the late Miocene with the appearance of the Holartic Procyonidae (Huayquerian Age) in South America and continues today. The major phases of mammalian dispersal occurred from the Latest Pliocene (Marplatan Age) to the Late Pleistocene (Lujanian Age). The most important and richest localities of Late Miocene-Holocene fossil vertebrates of South America are those of the Pampean region of Argentina. There are also several Late Miocene and Pliocene localities in western Argentina and Bolivia. Other important fossils have been collected in localities of Pleistocene age outside Argentina: Tarija (Bolivia), karstic caves of Lagoa Santa and the recently explored caves of Tocantins (Brasil), Talara (Perú), La Carolina (Ecuador), Muaco (Venezuela), and Cueva del Milodon (Chile), among others. The book discusses basic information for interpreting the GABI such as taxonomic composition (incorporating the latest revisions) at classical and new localities for each stage addressing climate, environments, and time boundaries for each stage. It includes the chronology and dynamics of the GABI, the integration of South American mammalian faunas through time, the Quaternary mammalian extinctions and the composition of recent mammalian fauna of the continent.

Chemostratigraphy
Chemostratigraphy

Author: Mu Ramkumar

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2015-02-17

Total Pages: 539

ISBN-13: 0124199828

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Chemostratigraphy: Concepts, Techniques, and Applications is the first collection of contributed articles that introduces young geoscientists to the discipline while providing seasoned practitioners with a standard reference that showcases the topic's most recent research and application developments. This multi-contributed reference on one of the youngest and most dynamic branches of the geosciences includes articles from some of the world's leading researchers. This book is a one-stop source of chemostratigraphy theory and application, helping geoscientists navigate through the wealth of new research that has emerged in recent years. - Edited by one of the world's foremost chemostratigraphy experts - Features contributed articles from a broad base of topics including stratigraphic correlation, hydrocarbon exploration, reservoir characterization, and paleo-climatic interpretation - Includes a range of application-based case studies addressing spatio-temporal scales for practical, field-specific concepts

Sedimentary Petrology
Sedimentary Petrology

Author: Ali Al-Juboury

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2022-01-12

Total Pages: 109

ISBN-13: 1839693002

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Sedimentary Petrology - Implications in Petroleum Industry provides some new information on the importance of sedimentary petrology in various disciplines that are of great significance for the evaluation and locating of oil and gas. This book focuses on the provenance history of clastic rocks, reservoir characterization and hydrocarbon exploration in carbonate reservoirs, and enhanced oil recovery based on data from petrological investigations from various regions in Asia and Europe.

The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event: Insights from the Tafilalt Biota, Morocco
The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event: Insights from the Tafilalt Biota, Morocco

Author: A.W. Hunter

Publisher: Geological Society of London

Published: 2022

Total Pages: 615

ISBN-13: 178620407X

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Special Publication 485 About 40 million years after the Cambrian Explosion, the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event (GOBE) represents a second and dramatic burst in marine biodiversity, with major changes in the structure of ecosystems and the progressive replacement of the distinctive Cambrian Evolutionary Fauna by the Paleozoic Evolutionary Fauna. However, the GOBE is not a single, worldwide, short-term event, but rather the complex sum of successive diversifications occurring in distinct taxonomic groups, trophic guilds and regions. This book focuses on the Late Ordovician Tafilalt Biota, Anti-Atlas Morocco, which provides a snapshot of the GOBE in high-latitude regions of the Southern Hemisphere. A series of contributions explore different aspects of the Tafilalt Biota, including its geological setting, the international fossil trade in this area and a series of detailed systematic contributions describing many new taxa of marine invertebrates. This volume represents a significant contribution to the understanding of the Tafilalt Biota and its significance to the GOBE.

Three-Dimensional Architecture and Paleoenvironments of Osaka Bay
Three-Dimensional Architecture and Paleoenvironments of Osaka Bay

Author: Yasuto Itoh

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-05-30

Total Pages: 127

ISBN-13: 9811305773

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This publication shows the three-dimensional configuration of the gigantic tectonic sag of the Osaka Bay sedimentary basin on the eastern Eurasian margin based on reflection seismic data never before published. The basin has developed relatively quickly since the dawn of the Quaternary. High-resolution subsurface images on the profiles provide highly valuable information about the architecture of active faults, paleoenvironmental changes, and mass balance on the convergent margin. The book presents an excellent case study of a tectonically controlled basin because morphologies and evolutionary processes of such basins show an enormous diversity, reflecting spatiotemporal variation in tectonic stress. Furthermore, this volume provides insight into the general mechanism of sedimentary basin formation. The quantitative analyses contained here will be thought-provoking for industry experts, academics, and graduate and undergraduate students engaged in geologic survey and civil engineering. The contents will be especially useful to professionals in the fields of Quaternary geology, neotectonics, and active fault research.