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Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
Published: 1993
Total Pages: 260
ISBN-13: 9789241545037
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis volume describes the methods used in the surveillance of drinking water quality in the light of the special problems of small-community supplies, particularly in developing countries, and outlines the strategies necessary to ensure that surveillance is effective.
Author: United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Water Supply
Publisher:
Published: 1977
Total Pages: 128
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Published: 2004-11-01
Total Pages: 126
ISBN-13: 0309165520
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe Institute of Medicine's Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine was established in 1988 as a mechanism for bringing the various stakeholders together to discuss environmental health issues in a neutral setting. The members of the Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine come from academia, industry, and government. Their perspectives range widely and represent the diverse viewpoints of researchers, federal officials, and consumers. They meet, discuss environmental health issues that are of mutual interest, and bring others together to discuss these issues as well. For example, they regularly convene workshops to help facilitate discussion of a particular topic. The Rountable's fifth national workshop entitled From Source Water to Drinking Water: Ongoing and Emerging Challenges for Public Health continued the theme established by previous Roundtable workshops, looking at rebuilding the unity of health and the environment. This workshop summary captures the discussions and presentations by the speakers and participants, who identified the areas in which additional research was needed, the processes by which changes could occur, and the gaps in our knowledge.
Author: Robert Bos
Publisher: IWA Publishing
Published: 2016-08-15
Total Pages: 120
ISBN-13: 1780407432
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe Manual highlights the human rights principles and criteria in relation to drinking water and sanitation. It explains the international legal obligations in terms of operational policies and practice that will support the progressive realisation of universal access. The Manual introduces a human rights perspective that will add value to informed decision making in the daily routine of operators, managers and regulators. It also encourages its readership to engage actively in national dialogues where the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation are translated into national and local policies, laws and regulations. Creating such an enabling environment is, in fact, only the first step in the process towards progressive realisation. Allocation of roles and responsibilities is the next step, in an updated institutional and operational set up that helps apply a human rights lens to the process of reviewing and revising the essential functions of operators, service providers and regulators.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Published: 2012-07-17
Total Pages: 276
ISBN-13: 0309224624
DOWNLOAD EBOOKExpanding water reuse-the use of treated wastewater for beneficial purposes including irrigation, industrial uses, and drinking water augmentation-could significantly increase the nation's total available water resources. Water Reuse presents a portfolio of treatment options available to mitigate water quality issues in reclaimed water along with new analysis suggesting that the risk of exposure to certain microbial and chemical contaminants from drinking reclaimed water does not appear to be any higher than the risk experienced in at least some current drinking water treatment systems, and may be orders of magnitude lower. This report recommends adjustments to the federal regulatory framework that could enhance public health protection for both planned and unplanned (or de facto) reuse and increase public confidence in water reuse.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Published: 2001-12-26
Total Pages: 242
ISBN-13: 0309076293
DOWNLOAD EBOOKHaving safe drinking water is important to all Americans. The Environmental Protection Agency's decision in the summer of 2001 to delay implementing a new, more stringent standard for the maximum allowable level for arsenic in drinking water generated a great deal of criticism and controversy. Ultimately at issue were newer data on arsenic beyond those that had been examined in a 1999 National Research Council report. EPA asked the National Research Council for an evaluation of the new data available. The committee's analyses and conclusions are presented in Arsenic in Drinking Water: 2001 Update. New epidemiological studies are critically evaluated, as are new experimental data that provide information on how and at what level arsenic in drinking water can lead to cancer. The report's findings are consistent with those of the 1999 report that found high risks of cancer at the previous federal standard of 50 parts per billion. In fact, the new report concludes that men and women who consume water containing 3 parts per billion of arsenic daily have about a 1 in 1,000 increased risk of developing bladder or lung cancer during their lifetime.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Published: 2000-08-17
Total Pages: 422
ISBN-13: 0309069483
DOWNLOAD EBOOKEnvironmental problems in coastal ecosystems can sometimes be attributed to excess nutrients flowing from upstream watersheds into estuarine settings. This nutrient over-enrichment can result in toxic algal blooms, shellfish poisoning, coral reef destruction, and other harmful outcomes. All U.S. coasts show signs of nutrient over-enrichment, and scientists predict worsening problems in the years ahead. Clean Coastal Waters explains technical aspects of nutrient over-enrichment and proposes both immediate local action by coastal managers and a longer-term national strategy incorporating policy design, classification of affected sites, law and regulation, coordination, and communication. Highlighting the Gulf of Mexico's "Dead Zone," the Pfiesteria outbreak in a tributary of Chesapeake Bay, and other cases, the book explains how nutrients work in the environment, why nitrogen is important, how enrichment turns into over-enrichment, and why some environments are especially susceptible. Economic as well as ecological impacts are examined. In addressing abatement strategies, the committee discusses the importance of monitoring sites, developing useful models of over-enrichment, and setting water quality goals. The book also reviews voluntary programs, mandatory controls, tax incentives, and other policy options for reducing the flow of nutrients from agricultural operations and other sources.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
Published: 2009
Total Pages: 109
ISBN-13: 9241562633
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIn 2004, the WHO Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality recommended that water suppliers develop and implement "Water Safety Plans" (WSPs) in order to systematically assess and manage risks. Since this time, governments and regulators, water suppliers and practitioners have increasingly embraced this approach, but they have also requested further guidance. This much-anticipated workbook answers this call by describing how to develop and implement a WSP in clear and practical terms. Stepwise advice is provided through 11 learning modules, each representing a key step in the WSP development and implementation process: 1. Assemble the WSP team; 2. Describe the water supply system; 3. Identify hazards and hazardous events and assess the risks; 4. Determine and validate control measures, reassess and prioritise the risks; 5. Develop, implement and maintain an improvement/upgrade plan; 6. Define monitoring of the control measures; 7. Verify the effectiveness of the WSP; 8. Prepare management procedures; 9. Develop supporting programmes; 10. Plan and carry out periodic review of the WSP; 11. Revise the WSP following an incident ; Every Module is divided into three sections: 'Overview', 'Examples and Tools', and 'Case studies'. The overview section provides a brief introduction to the Module, including why it is important and how it fits into the overall WSP development and implementation process. It outlines key activities that should be carried out, lists typical challenges that may be encountered, and summarizes the essential outputs to be produced. The examples and tools section provides resources which could be adapted to support the development and implementation of WSPs. These resources include example tables and checklists, template forms, diagrams, or practical tips to help a WSP team address specific challenges. These are often example outputs and methodologies adapted from recent WSP experiences. Each Module concludes with case studies so the reader can benefit from lessons-learned from real-life experiences. They are intended to make WSP concepts more concrete and to help readers anticipate issues and challenges that may arise. The descriptions were drawn from WSP initiatives in Australia, the Latin American and the Caribbean region (LAC), and the United Kingdom.
Author: Matjaž Glavan
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Published: 2018-03-21
Total Pages: 194
ISBN-13: 9535138936
DOWNLOAD EBOOKGlobal water crisis is a challenge to the security, political stability and environmental sustainability of developing nations and with climate, economically and politically, induces migrations also for the developed ones. Currently, the urban population is 54% with prospects that by the end of 2050 and 2100 66% and 80%, respectively, of the world's population will live in urban environment. Untreated water abstracted from polluted resources and destructed ecosystems as well as discharge of untreated waste water is the cause of health problems and death for millions around the globe. Competition for water is wide among agriculture, industry, power companies and recreational tourism as well as nature habitats. Climate changes are a major threat to the water resources. This book intends to provide the reader with a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art in integrated assessment of water resource management in the urbanizing world, which is a foundation to develop society with secure water availability, food market stability and ecosystem preservation.
Author:
Publisher:
Published: 2011
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13: 9789240687936
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe third edition of the Guide to Ship Sanitation presents the public health significance of ships in terms of disease and highlights the importance of applying appropriate control measures. It is intended to be a basis for the development of national approaches to controlling the hazards, providing a framework for policy-making and local decision-making. It may also be used as a reference for regulators, ship operators and ship builders as well as for assessing the potential health impact of projects involving the design of ships.
