This book is devoted to nanomicrobiology and the nanosystems of bacteria. The initial chapter discusses some of the controversies in the geochemical and biomedical fields associated with the reports of nanobacteria in the environment. Current knowledge of several internal and surface structures of bacteria is addressed in this book. Included are chapters discussing carboxysomes, S-layers, gliding motility of bacteria, and aggregation of iron to produce nano-magnetite. Information about the activities of outer membrane vesicles produced by Gram-negative bacteria is discussed as a benefit to bacteria that produce it and some potential industrial applications are presented. A broad review of bacterial-mineral interactions is addressed in a chapter of metallic nanoparticles and colloids production by bacterial reduction of soluble redox active elements. The structures of bacterial nanowires are discussed and their application in extra-cellular electron transport is reviewed. Nanomotor activities of bacteria are discussed as pertains to the mechanics of flagellar rotation, production of energy by ATP synthase, DNA packing, and translocation of proteins across membranes by secretion systems. The rapidly evolving field of nanosystem technology is embracing many areas, and it is the hope that this book will stimulate the use of bacterial nanostructures for future developments in nanotechnology.
This handbook covers the broad scope of nanomedicine. Starting with the basics, the subject is developed to potential clinical applications, many of which are still at an experimental stage. The book features extensive coverage of nanodiagnostics and nanopharmaceuticals, which are two important components of nanomedicine. Written by a physician-scientist author who blends his clinical experience and scientific expertise in new technologies, this book provides a definitive account of nanomedicine. It offers more up-to-date and comprehensive coverage of nanomedicine than any other comparable work.
Combined fields of Microbiology and Nanotechnology have been most successful in providing novel solutions for protecting the health of humans and environment. This book covers the implications of nano-strategies to combat bacterial pathogens, applications of nanotechniques in microbiology, and innovative advances in the area of medical microbiology. Contents are divided into three sections -- Nanoscience in controlling bacterial pathogens, Nanoscience in Microbiology, Medical Microbiology. This volume is going to provide timely information about the technological advances of Nanoscience in the domain of Microbiology, with a special emphasis on Pathobiology. The book is a useful read for students and researchers in microbiology, nanotechnology and medical microbiology.
An authoritative overview of the ecological activities of microbes in the biosphere Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology presents a broad overview of microbial activity and microbes' interactions with their environments and communities. Adopting an integrative approach, this text covers both conventional ecological issues as well as cross-disciplinary investigations that combine facets of microbiology, ecology, environmental science and engineering, molecular biology, and biochemistry. Focusing primarily on single-cell forms of prokaryotes — and cellular forms of algae, fungi, and protozoans — this book enables readers to gain insight into the fundamental methodologies for the characterization of microorganisms in the biosphere. The authors draw from decades of experience to examine the environmental processes mediated by microorganisms and explore the interactions between microorganisms and higher life forms. Highly relevant to modern readers, this book examines topics including the ecology of microorganisms in engineered environments, microbial phylogeny and interactions, microbial processes in relation to environmental pollution, and many more. Now in its second edition, this book features updated references and major revisions to chapters on assessing microbial communities, community relationships, and their global impact. New content such as effective public communication of research findings and advice on scientific article review equips readers with practical real-world skills. Explores the activities of microorganisms in specific environments with case studies and actual research data Highlights how prominent microbial biologists address significant microbial ecology issues Offers guidance on scientific communication, including scientific presentations and grant preparation Includes plentiful illustrations and examples of microbial interactions, community structures, and human-bacterial connections Provides chapter summaries, review questions, selected reading lists, a complete glossary, and critical thinking exercises Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology is an ideal textbook for graduate and advanced undergraduate courses in biology, microbiology, ecology, and environmental science, while also serving as a current and informative reference for microbiologists, cell and molecular biologists, ecologists, and environmental professionals.
The book “Introductory Microbiology” consists of nine chapters covering all the basics required for the beginners in microbiology. The first chapter “Introduction to Microbiology” gives a brief insight of the historical development of microbiology, pioneers in microbiology, developments and various branches of microbiology, and scope of microbiology. As microorganisms are ubiquitous in distribution, a need for the study of microbial techniques for the proper identification of microorganisms to scientists involved in applied research and industry for their exploitation. The author describes the various isolation and enumeration techniques of microorganisms in the second chapter “Isolation and Enumeration of Microorganisms”. The author describes the stains, its types, and various staining methods in the third chapter “Staining Techniques” for the easy identification of various bacteria as they are quite colourless, transparent, and have a refractive index of the aqueous fluids wherein they’re suspended. Microorganisms are too small (nanometers to micrometers) to be seen by our unaided eyes and therefore the microscopes are of crucial importance to view the microbes. Hence the author in the fourth chapter “Microscopy” have described the metric units, properties of light, basic quality parameters of microscopic image, the components of various light and electron microscopes with reference to their working principles, and limitations. The never techniques in microscopy such as confocal, fluorescence, confocal, scanning probe, and atomic force microscope and application have also been discribed. Microbial cells are structurally complex, perform numerous functions, and have a need for carbon, energy, and electrons to construct new cellular components and do cellular work. Hence microorganisms should have a constant supply of nutrients, and a source of energy, which are ultimately derived from the organism’s environment. The author in this fifth chapter “Microbial Nutrition” describes the basic common nutrients required for the microbial growth, nutritional types of microorganisms, nutritional and physical requirements of microbial growth, and the various nutrient uptake mechanisms with a special emphasis on the passive and active transport, group translocation, and Iron uptake. Culture is an in vitro technique of growing or cultivating microorganisms or only other cells in a suitable nutrients medium called a culture medium in the laboratory. A culture medium is a solid or liquid preparation used to grow, transport, and store microorganisms. Different microorganisms require different nutrient materials. All the microbiological studies depend on the ability to grow and maintain microorganisms in the laboratory which is possible only if suitable culture media are available. The author in the sixth chapter “Culture media and methods” have described the historical prospective of the culture medium, important factors for cultivation, common ingredients of a culture medium, classification of culture media based on consistency, nutritiona component, and functiona use, special culture techniques, and some of the commonly used laboratory media have been briefly described. People have been practicing disinfection and sterilization unknowingly since time immemorial, though the existence of microorganisms was unknown. The complete destruction or removal of all living microorganisms or their spores by any physical, chemical, or mechanical means is called sterilization. Sterilization can be accomplished by using heat, filtration, and gases. A satisfactory sterilization process is designed to ensure a high probability of achieving sterility. This author in the seventh chapter “Sterilization” have described the basic principles of sterilization, factors influencing the effectiveness of antimicrobial agents, various physical and chemical agents and other agents of sterilization. The strain development is a primary step, in the process of fermentation or growth studies carried out in any fermentation process or microbiological research, which enables to increase the population of microorganisms from stock culture, to obtain cells in an active, and exponential growth phase. The author in the eigth chapter “Strain development and improvement” have described the historical prospective of fermentation with reference to brewing, and bakers yeast, development of inoculum for bacteria, and fungi. He has described the conventional (Metagenomics, genetic engineering, and mutation selection), and latest strain improvement methods such as the genomic, transcriptome, proteomic, and metabolome analysis. Microbial culture preservation aims at maintaining a microbial strain alive, uncontaminated, without variation or mutation. The author in the ninth chapter “Culture Preservation” describes the relevance of various culture preservation techniques with the objective of maintaining live strains, uncontaminated, and to prevent change in their characteristics.
The Practical Handbook of Microbiology presents basic knowledge about working with microorganisms in a clear and concise form. It also provides in-depth information on important aspects of the field-from classical microbiology to genomics-in one easily accessible volume.This new edition retains the easy-to-use format of previous editions, with a lo
Understanding live cells at the single molecule level is the most important and single major challenge facing biology and medicine today. Nanobiology focuses on the properties and structure of complex assemblies of biomolecules—biochips and molecular motors, for example—in conjunction with distinctive surfaces, rods, dots, and materials of nanoscience. Nano Cell Biology will describe the current applications of nanobiology to the study of the structure, function, and metabolic processes of cells. - Provides historical background on this newly emerging field - Covers the latest application of new instrumentation in the field - Detailed protocols in the study of live cells at the nanometer level - Discusses future technologies and their applications in the study of living cells
The second book of my publication, and the very first in the series “Introduction to Microbiology”, is made of two parts. The first part takes one through the microbial world of diversity by introducing to each of the diverse group of microorganism that exist around us and are omnipresent. The information and understanding about the diverse world of microbes is due to the tireless efforts and dedication of various microbiologist working in diverse areas of microbiology. The developments occurring through time and in different areas are discussed in the second chapter of the book. An important tool used to study the microorganism is microscope. A chapter has been dedicated to different microscopes including some of the newer micrcorscope. The techniques for microscopy are also dealt using figures for easy understanding. Part one has also included a chapter of ‘Biomolecules’. The second part of the book is basically about the physiology of prokaryotes. It begins with the various types of classification of organism and criteria, methods used for classification of organism. The later chapter of this part deals with the ultrastructure of proparyotic cell, its nutritional requirements and growth of microbes..
A Microbiology study guide is a learning resource that is recommended to be used in a microbiology course. The study guide is used in correspondence with the course textbook, the material matching what is found in the textbook and in the course. Microbiology study guide includes important definitions, flash cards, study games, and diagrams to help learn the material in your course. The study guide can contribute to your success in microbiology by focusing on the important material you need to know to learn the material and to pass the exams. The study guide can help to boost your grade to the next level.
