Nachman Syrkin (1868-1924) was a political theorist, founder of Labour Zionism and a prolific writer in the Hebrew, Yiddish, Russian, German and English languages. In this present volume, which was first published in 1961, his daughter Marie Syrkin reprints translations of some of his more influential essays, and remembers her childhood and youth and the wanderings of her family over the face of the earth at a time not only of danger and suffering, but of adventure and romance and real enjoyment. A lively, engaging read!
"As poet and journalist, Zionist activist and public intellectual, Syrkin's work and actions illuminate a wide range of twentieth-century literary, cultural, and political concerns. Her passions demonstrate, as Irving Howe said, "a life of commitment to values beyond the self.""--
The well-known historian and political scientist Zeev Sternhell here advances a radically new interpretation of the founding of modern Israel. The founders claimed that they intended to create both a landed state for the Jewish people and a socialist society. However, according to Sternhell, socialism served the leaders of the influential labor movement more as a rhetorical resource for the legitimation of the national project of establishing a Jewish state than as a blueprint for a just society. In this thought-provoking book, Sternhell demonstrates how socialist principles were consistently subverted in practice by the nationalist goals to which socialist Zionism was committed. Sternhell explains how the avowedly socialist leaders of the dominant labor party, Mapai, especially David Ben Gurion and Berl Katznelson, never really believed in the prospects of realizing the "dream" of a new society, even though many of their working-class supporters were self-identified socialists. The founders of the state understood, from the very beginning, that not only socialism but also other universalistic ideologies like liberalism, were incompatible with cultural, historical, and territorial nationalism. Because nationalism took precedence over universal values, argues Sternhell, Israel has not evolved a constitution or a Bill of Rights, has not moved to separate state and religion, has failed to develop a liberal concept of citizenship, and, until the Oslo accords of 1993, did not recognize the rights of the Palestinians to independence. This is a controversial and timely book, which not only provides useful historical background to Israel's ongoing struggle to mobilize its citizenry to support a shared vision of nationhood, but also raises a question of general significance: is a national movement whose aim is a political and cultural revolution capable of coexisting with the universal values of secularism, individualism, and social justice? This bold critical reevaluation will unsettle long-standing myths as it contributes to a fresh new historiography of Zionism and Israel. At the same time, while it examines the past, The Founding Myths of Israel reflects profoundly on the future of the Jewish State.
This volume critically examines the State of Israel forty years after its establishment. Topics include the integration of Middle Eastern Jews in Israeli society, the Arab minority in Israel, the dilemma of Haredi Jewry, Israeli democracy in transition, and the changing legitimations of the State of Israel. Other essays in the volume include debates on the significance of mixed marriages in North America, and the distinctive character of American Zionism. This series is published yearly by the Institute of Contemporary Jewry at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. It is edited by Jonathan Frankel, Peter Y. Medding, and Ezra Mendelsohn, all distinguished professors of contemporary Jewish history at the University. The volumes include symposia, articles, book reviews, and lists of recent dissertations by major scholars of Jewish history from around the world.
The culmination of Eliezer Schweid’s life-work as a Jewish intellectual historian, this five-volume work provides a comprehensive, interdisciplinary account of the major thinkers and movements in modern Jewish thought, in the context of general philosophy and Jewish social-political historical developments, with extensive primary source excerpts. Volume Three, The Crisis of Humanism, commences with an important essay on the challenge to the humanist tradition posed in the late 19th century by historical materialism, existentialism and positivism. This is background for the constructive philosophies which sought at the same time to address the general crisis of moral value and provide a positive basis for Jewish existence. Among the thinkers presented in this volume are Moses Hess, Moritz Lazarus, Hermann Cohen (in impressive depth, with a thorough exposition of the Ethics and Religion of Reason), Ahad Ha-Am, I. J. Reines, Simon Dubnow, M. Y. Berdiczewski, the theorists of the Bund, Chaim Zhitlovsky, Nachman Syrkin, and Ber Borochov.
"The publication of translated essays by Dr. Abraham Coralnik is an important step in enlarging our understanding of the cultural milieu of the early twentieth century in which Jewish immigrants from eastern Europe become Americanized."--Professor Eli Katz, University of California, Berkeley In 1937, when the essayist Abraham Coralnik died of a heart attack, Yiddish speakers in the United States lost one of their most articulate guides. As a columnist for the New York newspaper Der Tog (The Day) during the 1920's and 1930's, Coralnik moved effortlessly from discussions of Zionist politics to analyses of Marx and Plato to travelogues through the American heartland. As Europe exploded in anti-Semitism, and American Jewish life continued its spectacular transformation into the land of promise and confusion, Coralnik provided both insight and context for an immigrant community desperate to understand the changes taking place around it. Today, Coralnik's essays can be enjoyed not just for their perspective on two crucial decades of Jewish history, but for their timeless wisdom about culture, spirituality, philosophy and history. In Volume One of Across the Great Divide, Coralnik analyzes a European Jewish community in the process of disintegration, and an American Jewish society on the rise; the politics surrounding the development of pre-state Israel; the broad impact of the Hasidic movement; and the quirky existence of European Jewish refugees in places like Mexico and Cuba. About the Translator: Beatrice Coralnik Papo, the eldest daughter of Abraham Coralnik, was born in Berlin in 1913. Educated in Germany, Russia and France, she came to the U.S. in her early 20s. A social worker by profession, Mrs. Papo is a lifelong student of literature, and has spent the last two decades translating her father's essays. She lives in San Jose, California.
The book is based on the Israeli Pavilion at The 12th International Architecture Exhibition in the Venice Biennial 2010. From the book: ...The idea of communal sharing and egalitarianism found expression first and foremost in the principle of a shared space for all the functions of life – production (agriculture, industry), education, culture, health, etc. In effect the kibbutz is a single undivided space, in which there are no fences or private plots, which contains all the dimensions of life and is collectively owned by all the members of the kibbutz. The central arena of kibbutz life is the large lawn and the public facilities (the dining hall, the culture house, the library, the members’ club), which are situated around it like a "forum" or "agora" This center, together with the kibbutz garden, the landscape of paths and the space among the houses, constitutes a significant focus of social interaction.
Written by the most prominent scholars in American Jewish history, this encyclopedia illuminates the varied experiences of America's Jews and their impact on American society and culture over three and a half centuries. American Jews have profoundly shaped, and been shaped by, American culture. Yet American history texts have largely ignored the Jewish experience. The Encyclopedia of American Jewish History corrects that omission. In essays and short entries written by 125 of the world's leading scholars of American Jewish history and culture, this encyclopedia explores both religious and secular aspects of American Jewish life. It examines the European background and immigration of American Jews and their impact on the professions and academic disciplines, mass culture and the arts, literature and theater, and labor and radical movements. It explores Zionism, antisemitism, responses to the Holocaust, the branches of Judaism, and Jews' relations with other groups, including Christians, Muslims, and African Americans. The encyclopedia covers the Jewish press and education, Jewish organizations, and Jews' participation in America's wars. In two comprehensive volumes, Encyclopedia of American Jewish History makes 350 years of American Jewish experience accessible to scholars, all levels of students, and the reading public.
Zionism emerged at the end of the nineteenth century in response to a rise in anti-Semitism in Europe and to the crisis of modern Jewish identity. This novel, national revolution aimed to unite a scattered community defined mainly by shared texts and literary tradition, into a vibrant political entity destined for the Holy Land. As this remarkable book demonstrates, however, Zionism was about much more than a national political ideology and practice. By tracing its origins in the context of a European history of ideas, and by considering the writings of key Jewish and Hebrew writers and thinkers from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the book offers an entirely new philosophical perspective on Zionism as a unique movement based on intellectual boldness and belief in human action. In counter-distinction to the studies of history and ideology that dominate the field, this book also offers a new way of reflecting upon contemporary Israeli politics.
In the period from 1881 to 1917 socialist movements flourished in every major centre of Russian Jewish life, but, despite common foundations, there was often profound and bitter disagreement between them. This book describes the formation and evolution of these movements, which were at once united by a powerful vision and sundered by the contradictions of practical politics.
