Multiscale Coupling of Sun-Earth Processes
Multiscale Coupling of Sun-Earth Processes

Author: A.T.Y. Lui

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2005-07-06

Total Pages: 527

ISBN-13: 008045769X

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Many approaches exist for scientific investigations and space research is no exception. The early approach during which each space plasma region within the Sun-Earth system was investigated separately with physics-based tools has now progressed to encompass investigations on coupling between these regions. Ample evidence now exists indicating the dynamic processes in these regions exhibit disturbances over a wide range of scales both in time and space. This new reckoning naturally leads to an emerging perspective of probing these natural phenomena with concepts and tools developed in modern statistical mechanics for physical processes governing the evolution of out-of-equilibrium and complex systems. These new developments have prompted a topical conference on Sun-Earth connection, held on February 9-13, 2004 at Kailua-Kona, Hawaii, USA, with the goal of promoting interactions among scientists practicing the traditional physics-based approach and those utilizing modern statistical techniques. This monograph is a product of this conference, a compilation of thirty-nine articles assembled into seven chapters: (1) multiscale features in complexity dynamics, (2) space storms, (3) magnetospheric substorms, (4) turbulence and magnetic reconnection, (5) modeling and coupling of space phenomena, (6) techniques for multiscale space plasma problems, and (7) present and future multiscale space missions. These articles show a diversity of space phenomena exhibiting scale free characteristics, intermittency, and non-Gaussian distributions of probability density function of fluctuations in the physical parameters of the Sun-Earth system. The scope covers the latest observations, theories, simulations, and techniques on the multiscale nature of Sun-Earth phenomena and underscores the usefulness in cross-disciplinary exchange needed to unravel the underlying physical processes, which may eventually lead to a possible unified description and prediction for space disturbances. * Extensive collection of state-of-the-art papers on multiscale coupling of Sun-Earth Processes * Present and future multiscale space missions * New techniques and models for performing multiscale analysis

Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System (CAWSES)
Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System (CAWSES)

Author: Franz-Josef Lübken

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-08-14

Total Pages: 642

ISBN-13: 9400743483

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CAWSES (Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System) is the most important scientific program of SCOSTEP (Scientific Committee on Solar-Terrestrial Physics). CAWSES has triggered a scientific priority program within the German Research Foundation for a period of 6 years. Approximately 30 scientific institutes and 120 scientists were involved in Germany with strong links to international partners. The priority program focuses on solar influence on climate, atmospheric coupling processes, and space climatology. This book summarizes the most important results from this program covering some important research topics from the Sun to climate. Solar related processes are studied including the evolution of solar radiation with relevance to climate. Results regarding the influence of the Sun on the terrestrial atmosphere from the troposphere to the thermosphere are presented including stratospheric ozone, mesospheric ice clouds, geomagnetic effects, and their relevance to climate. Several chapters highlight the importance of coupling mechanisms within the atmosphere, covering transport mechanisms of photochemically active species, dynamical processes such as gravity waves, tides, and planetary waves, and feedback mechanisms between the thermal and dynamical structure of the atmosphere. Special attention is paid to climate signals in the middle and upper atmosphere and their significance relative to natural variability.

Solar Dynamics and its Effects on the Heliosphere and Earth
Solar Dynamics and its Effects on the Heliosphere and Earth

Author: Daniel Baker

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2007-03-21

Total Pages: 372

ISBN-13: 9780387695310

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This volume helps the reader to understand the ways and means of how dynamical phenomena are generated at the Sun, how they travel through the Heliosphere, and how they affect Earth. It provides an integrated account of the three principal chains of events all the way from the Sun to Earth: the normal solar wind, coronal mass ejections, and solar energetic particles.

The Sun, the Earth, and Near-Earth Space
The Sun, the Earth, and Near-Earth Space

Author: John A. Eddy

Publisher:

Published: 2009-12

Total Pages: 312

ISBN-13: 9781782662952

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Full color publication. NP-2009-066-GSFC. This colorful book provides concise explanations and descriptions-easily read and readily understood-of what is now known of the chain of events and processes that connect the Sun to the Earth, with special emphasis on space weather and sun-climate.

Solar Wind-magnetosphere Coupling a Global Perspective of Reconnection in the Magnetotail
Solar Wind-magnetosphere Coupling a Global Perspective of Reconnection in the Magnetotail

Author: Miles Thomas Bengtson

Publisher:

Published: 2017

Total Pages: 176

ISBN-13:

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We present a case study of the 25 December 2015 substorm which occurred between 08:15 and 08:45 Universal Time. During this interval, fast particle flows and field geometry consistent with magnetic reconnection were detected in the mid-tail region. An ejected plasmoid was observed by the lunar-orbiting Acceleration, Reconnection, Turbulence and Electrodynamics of Moon's Interaction with the Sun (ARTEMIS) probes and corresponding dipolarization signature was observed by the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions During Substorms (THEMIS) spacecraft earthward of the reconnection site, which was determined to be approximately -33 RE Ground signatures indicative of substorm activity were also observed by the THEMIS ground-based observatories during this interval. Prior to the sub- storm, none of the solar-wind monitoring missions (Geotail, OMNI, ACE) observed a significant southward Bz, which could have initiated the event. The Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) spacecraft, which were in the day-side magnetosheath, detected a strong pulse in Bz with a minimum near -35 nT, at ~08:05 UT, consistent with the time delay required for propagation from the magnetosheath to the mid-tail. We propose that this pulse is either a small-scale structure in the solar wind, the result of a kinetic shock process due to a solar wind discontinuity hitting the bow shock, or a flux-transfer event at the magnetopause and, further, that this strong southward component of Bz, in the magnetosheath is associated with the trigger of the observed substorm. We simulate the entire magnetosphere in maximum detail for this event using the Space Weather Modeling Framework/Block Adaptive Tree Solar-wind Roe Upwind Scheme (SWMF/BATS-R-US) model from NASA's Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC) with a special, high- resolution grid. The results of this work will be highly relevant to future solar wind observation missions, global-scale magnetohydrodynamic models, and the ongoing effort to understand how processes at lunar distances in the tail couple to the rest of the near-Earth space environment.