Morning Aerosol Vertical Profiles in the Planetary Boundary Layer
Author: Konstantinos Kazanas
Publisher:
Published: 2017
Total Pages:
ISBN-13:
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The Atmosphere and Climate of Mars
Author: Robert M. Haberle
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 2017-06-29
Total Pages: 613
ISBN-13: 110817938X
DOWNLOAD EBOOKHumanity has long been fascinated by the planet Mars. Was its climate ever conducive to life? What is the atmosphere like today and why did it change so dramatically over time? Eleven spacecraft have successfully flown to Mars since the Viking mission of the 1970s and early 1980s. These orbiters, landers and rovers have generated vast amounts of data that now span a Martian decade (roughly eighteen years). This new volume brings together the many new ideas about the atmosphere and climate system that have emerged, including the complex interplay of the volatile and dust cycles, the atmosphere-surface interactions that connect them over time, and the diversity of the planet's environment and its complex history. Including tutorials and explanations of complicated ideas, students, researchers and non-specialists alike are able to use this resource to gain a thorough and up-to-date understanding of this most Earth-like of planetary neighbours.
Wind Climate in Cities
Author: Jack E. Cermak
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 1994-11-30
Total Pages: 810
ISBN-13: 9780792332022
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIf one surveys the development of wind engineering, one comes to the conclusion that the challenge of urban climatology is one of the most important remaining tasks for the wind engineers. But what distinguishes wind engineering in urban areas from conventional wind engineering? Principally, the fact that the effects studied are usually unique to a particular situation, requiring consideration of the surroundings of the buildings. In the past, modelling criteria have been developed that make it possible to solve environmental problems with great confidence, and studies validated the models: at least in a neutrally stratified atmosphere. The approach adopted in the book is that of applied fluid mechanics, since this forms the basis for the evaluation of the urban wind field. Variables for air quality or loads are problem specific, or even random, and methods for studying them are based on risk analysis, which is also presented. Criteria are developed for a systematic approach to urban wind engineering problems, including parameter studies. The five sections of the book are: Fundamentals of urban boundary layer and dispersion; Forces on complex structures in built-up areas; Air pollution in cities; Numerical solution techniques; and Posters. A subject index is included.
The Atmospheric Boundary Layer
Author: J. R. Garratt
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 1994-04-21
Total Pages: 340
ISBN-13: 9780521467452
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe book gives a comprehensive and lucid account of the science of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). There is an emphasis on the application of the ABL to numerical modelling of the climate. The book comprises nine chapters, several appendices (data tables, information sources, physical constants) and an extensive reference list. Chapter 1 serves as an introduction, with chapters 2 and 3 dealing with the development of mean and turbulence equations, and the many scaling laws and theories that are the cornerstone of any serious ABL treatment. Modelling of the ABL is crucially dependent for its realism on the surface boundary conditions, and chapters 4 and 5 deal with aerodynamic and energy considerations, with attention to both dry and wet land surfaces and sea. The structure of the clear-sky, thermally stratified ABL is treated in chapter 6, including the convective and stable cases over homogeneous land, the marine ABL and the internal boundary layer at the coastline. Chapter 7 then extends the discussion to the cloudy ABL. This is seen as particularly relevant, since the extensive stratocumulus regions over the subtropical oceans and stratus regions over the Arctic are now identified as key players in the climate system. Finally, chapters 8 and 9 bring much of the book's material together in a discussion of appropriate ABL and surface parameterization schemes in general circulation models of the atmosphere that are being used for climate simulation.
Introduction to Atmospheric Chemistry
Author: Daniel J. Jacob
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Published: 1999
Total Pages: 280
ISBN-13: 0691001855
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAtmospheric chemistry is one of the fastest growing fields in the earth sciences. Until now, however, there has been no book designed to help students capture the essence of the subject in a brief course of study. Daniel Jacob, a leading researcher and teacher in the field, addresses that problem by presenting the first textbook on atmospheric chemistry for a one-semester course. Based on the approach he developed in his class at Harvard, Jacob introduces students in clear and concise chapters to the fundamentals as well as the latest ideas and findings in the field. Jacob's aim is to show students how to use basic principles of physics and chemistry to describe a complex system such as the atmosphere. He also seeks to give students an overview of the current state of research and the work that led to this point. Jacob begins with atmospheric structure, design of simple models, atmospheric transport, and the continuity equation, and continues with geochemical cycles, the greenhouse effect, aerosols, stratospheric ozone, the oxidizing power of the atmosphere, smog, and acid rain. Each chapter concludes with a problem set based on recent scientific literature. This is a novel approach to problem-set writing, and one that successfully introduces students to the prevailing issues. This is a major contribution to a growing area of study and will be welcomed enthusiastically by students and teachers alike.
An Introduction to Boundary Layer Meteorology
Author: Roland B. Stull
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 1988-07-31
Total Pages: 688
ISBN-13: 9789027727695
DOWNLOAD EBOOKPart of the excitement in boundary-layer meteorology is the challenge associated with turbulent flow - one of the unsolved problems in classical physics. An additional attraction of the filed is the rich diversity of topics and research methods that are collected under the umbrella-term of boundary-layer meteorology. The flavor of the challenges and the excitement associated with the study of the atmospheric boundary layer are captured in this textbook. Fundamental concepts and mathematics are presented prior to their use, physical interpretations of the terms in equations are given, sample data are shown, examples are solved, and exercises are included. The work should also be considered as a major reference and as a review of the literature, since it includes tables of parameterizatlons, procedures, filed experiments, useful constants, and graphs of various phenomena under a variety of conditions. It is assumed that the work will be used at the beginning graduate level for students with an undergraduate background in meteorology, but the author envisions, and has catered for, a heterogeneity in the background and experience of his readers.
Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy
Author: Ulrich Platt
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2008-05-30
Total Pages: 608
ISBN-13: 3540757767
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe first part of this book reviews the basics of atmospheric chemistry, radiation transport, and optical spectroscopy before detailing the principles underlying DOAS. The second part describes the design and application of DOAS instruments as well as the evaluation and interpretation of spectra. The recent expansion of DOAS application to the imaging of trace gas distributions by ground, aircraft, and satellite-based instruments is also covered.
Remote Sensing of Biosphere Functioning
Author: Richard J. Hobbs
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2012-12-06
Total Pages: 322
ISBN-13: 146123302X
DOWNLOAD EBOOKHarold A. Mooney and Richard J. Hobbs At present there is enormous concern about the changes that are occurring on the surface of the earth and in the earth's atmosphere, primarily as a result of human activities. These changes, particularly in the atmosphere, have the potential for altering the earth's habitability. International pro grams unprecedented in scope, including the International Geosphere Biosphere Program, have been initiated to describe and understand these changes. The global change program will call for coordinated measure ments on a global scale of those interactive physical and biological pro cesses that regulate the earth system. The program will rely heavily on the emerging technology of remote sensing from airborne vehicles, particularly satellites. Satellites offer the potential of continuously viewing large seg ments of the earth's surface, thus documenting the changes that are occur ring. The task, however, is not only to document global change, which will be an enormous job, but also to understand the significance of these changes to the biosphere. Effects on the biosphere may cover all spatial scales from global to local. The possibility of measuring biosphere function remot~ly and continuously from satellite imagery must be explored quickly and thoroughly in order to meet the challenge of understanding the con sequences of global change. Initial guidelines and approaches are currently being formulated (Dyer and Crossley, 1986; JOI, 1984; NAS, 1986; Rasool, 1987). There are many conceptual and technical issues that must be resolved H. A. Mooney and R. J.
Computer Processing of Remotely-Sensed Images
Author: Paul M. Mather
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Published: 2005-12-13
Total Pages: 442
ISBN-13: 0470021012
DOWNLOAD EBOOKRemotely-sensed images of the Earth's surface provide a valuable source of information about the geographical distribution and properties of natural and cultural features. This fully revised and updated edition of a highly regarded textbook deals with the mechanics of processing remotely-senses images. Presented in an accessible manner, the book covers a wide range of image processing and pattern recognition techniques. Features include: New topics on LiDAR data processing, SAR interferometry, the analysis of imaging spectrometer image sets and the use of the wavelet transform. An accompanying CD-ROM with: updated MIPS software, including modules for standard procedures such as image display, filtering, image transforms, graph plotting, import of data from a range of sensors. A set of exercises, including data sets, illustrating the application of discussed methods using the MIPS software. An extensive list of WWW resources including colour illustrations for easy download. For further information, including exercises and latest software information visit the Author's Website at: http://homepage.ntlworld.com/paul.mather/ComputerProcessing3/
Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer of Planetary Atmospheres
Author: Kelly Chance
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Published: 2017-06-02
Total Pages: 145
ISBN-13: 0191638218
DOWNLOAD EBOOKSpectroscopy and radiative transfer are rapidly growing fields within atmospheric and planetary science with implications for weather, climate, biogeochemical cycles, air quality on Earth, as well as the physics and evolution of planetary atmospheres in our solar system and beyond. Remote sensing and modeling atmospheric composition of the Earth, of other planets in our solar system, or of planets orbiting other stars require detailed knowledge of how radiation and matter interact in planetary atmospheres. This includes knowledge of how stellar or thermal radiation propagates through atmospheres, how that propagation affects radiative forcing of climate, how atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases produce unique spectroscopic signatures, how the properties of atmospheres may be quantitatively measured, and how those measurements relate to physical properties. This book provides this fundamental knowledge to a depth that will leave a student with the background to become capable of performing quantitative research on atmospheres. The book is intended for graduate students or for advanced undergraduates. It spans across principles through applications, with sufficient background for students without prior experience in either spectroscopy or radiative transfer. Courses based on this book are intended to be accompanied by the development of increasing sophisticated atmospheric and spectroscopic modeling capability (ideally, the student develops a computer model for simulation of atmospheric spectra from microwave through ultraviolet).
