This volume describes oxidic Mn minerals of the type M2O3 (bixbyite, pyrophanite, melanostibite, landauite, and zenzenite). Crystallographic data, physical properties, and the chemical and thermal behavior are discussed with special emphasis placed on the various aspects of occurrence and genesis, and their influence on the chemical composition of the minerals. Minerals which contain Mn as a minor constituent (minimum concentration: > 1 %) are briefly summarized.
Volume 25 of Reviews in Mineralogy was published to be used as the textbook for the Short Course on Fe-Ti Oxides: Their Petrologic and Magnetic Significance, held May 24-27, 1991, organized by B.R. Frost, D.H. Lindsley, and SK Banerjee and jointly sponsored by the Mineralogical Society of America and the American Geophysical Union. It has been fourteen and a half years since the last MSA Short Course on Oxide Minerals and the appearance of Volume 3 of Reviews in Mineralogy. Much progress has been made in the interim. This is particularly evident in the coverage of the thermodynamic properties of oxide minerals: nothing in Volume 3, while in contrast, Volume 25 has three chapters (6, 7, and 8) presenting various aspects of the thermodynamics of oxide minerals; and other chapters (9, 11, 12) build extensively on thermodynamic models. The coverage of magnetic properties has also been considerably expanded (Chapters 4, 8, and 14). Finally, the interaction of oxides and silicates is emphasized in Chapters 9, 11, 12, 13, and 14. Because Volume 3 is out of print and will not be readily available to newcomers to our science, as much as possible we have tried to make Volume 25 a replacement for, rather than a supplement to, the earlier volume. Chapters on crystal chemistry, phase equilibria, and oxide minerals in both igneous and metamorphic rocks have been rewritten or extensively revised.
This is a very detailed colour atlas for ore/opaque minerals (ore microscopy) with the main emphasis on name and synonyms, mineral group, chemical composition, information about major formation environment, optical data, reflection colour/shade comparison with 4 common/standard minerals of a similar colour or grey shade, up to 5 high-quality photos for each mineral with scale, and a short description of the pictures. A compilation from some of the prominent publications in the field of ore microscopy yielded a list of 431 minerals are included in this atlas. - Concise full-color pictorial reference for scientists and geologists - Explains how to describe and identify microscopic samples of minerals - Draws material from prominent literature yielding over 400 different minerals
In connection with the recent treatment of radium and the actinides, the Gmelin Institute is carrying out the description of thorium and its compounds. The Supplement Volumes A 2, A 3, A 4, and A 5 with the history, isotopes, uses, the recovery of thorium and general properties of thorium atom and ions, the thermodynamics of its compounds and solutions, spectroscopic data and analytical chemistry, biological behavior, health protection and safety control have already been published. The Supplement Volumes C 1, C 2 and C 3 describing the compounds with the noble gases, hydrogen, oxygen compounds and nitrogen compounds are also available; also have been published Supplement Volumes C 5 and C 7 describing the compounds with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, and boron, carbonates, thiocynates, alkoxides, and carboxylates. The Supplement Volumes D 1, D 2, and D 3 describing the properties of thorium ions in solution and the solvent extraction of thorium as well as Supplement Volume E describing the coordination compounds also have been published. The present volume begins, in a summary fashion, with a description of the natural occurrence of the element Th. Especially stressed are those facts that are most important in understanding its geological distribution on Earth (as, e.g., mode of occurrence and distribution among minerals) and its behavior in minerals (as, e.g., mode of occurrence and distribution among minerals) and its behavior in minerals (as, e.g., diadochy and metamictization of minerals). Attached is a tabulation of the highest reported Th or ThO2 content in minerals that normally (by their crystal-chemical formula) do not contain Th. The main part of the present volume describes the minerals of Th. As can be seen from the crystal-chemical formulas, there are, in addition to a few minerals containing Th as the sole cation, a number of minerals that contain Th as an additional cation or as a diadochic element. In the case of diadochic substitution the mineral may represent a Th-rich end member of a solid-solution series and, therefore, is described as a separate Th mineral, or may only sporadically contain higher amounts of Th (no mineral description is given). The mineral descriptions, in this volume including oxides, carbonates and phosphates/siliconphosphates of Th, comprise the following topics: occurence; chemistry; crystal form and structure; optical and other physical properties; and chemical and thermal behavior. The silicates of Th and the deposits of Th will be described in the volume "Thorium" Suppl. Vol. A 1b, that also contains a mineral index for both volumes.
Mineral equilibria and the soil system; Surface and colloid chemistry; Carbonate, halide, sulfate, and sulfide minerals; Aluminum hydroxides and oxyhydroxides; Iron oxides; Manganese oxides and hydroxides; Micas; Vermiculites; Montmorillonite and other smectite minerals; Chlorites and hydroxy interlayered vermiculite and smectite; Kaolinite and serpentine group minerals; Interstratification in layer silicates; Palygorskite (Attapulgite), sepiolite, talc, pyrophyllite, and zeolites; Silica in soils: quartz, cristobalite, tridymite and opal; Feldspars, olivines, pyroxenes, and amphiboles; Allophane and imogolite; Phosphate minerals; Titanium and zirconium minerals; Shrinking and swelling of clay, clay strength, and other properties of clay soils and clays; Reactions of minerals with organic compounds in the soil; Reactions of minerals with soil humic substances; Mineralogy and soil taxonomy; Preparation of clay samples for X-ray diffraction analysis; Preparation of specimens for electron microscopic examination; Preparation of specimens for infrared analysis; Thermal analysis of soils.
Understandable by anyone concerned with crystals or solid state properties dependent on structure Presents a general system using simple notation to reveal similarities and differences among crystal structures More than 300 selected and prepared figures illustrate structures found in thousands of compounds
Leading the reader from the fundamental principles of inorganic chemistry, right through to cutting-edge research at the forefront of the subject, Inorganic Chemistry, Seventh Edition is the ideal course companion for the duration of a student's degree. The authors have drawn upon their extensive teaching and research experience to update this text; the seventh edition retains the much-praised clarity of style and layout from previous editions, while offering an enhanced section on 'expanding our horizons'. The latest innovative applications of green chemistry have been added, to clearly illustrate the real-world significance of the subject. This edition also sees a greater used of learning features, including substantial updates to the problem solving questions, additional self-tests and walk through explanations which enable students to check their understanding of key concepts and develop problem-solving skills. Providing comprehensive coverage of inorganic chemistry, while placing it in context, this text will enable the reader to fully master this important subject. Online Resources: Inorganic Chemistry, Seventh Edition is accompanied by a range of online resources: For registered adopters of the text: DT Figures, marginal structures, and tables of data ready to download DT Test bank For students: DT Answers to self-tests and exercises from the book DT Tables for group theory DT Web links DT Links to interactive structures and other resources on www.chemtube3D.com
Hydrometallurgy: Theory provides the necessary fundamental background to the multidisciplinary field of hydrometallurgy, presenting the tools needed to utilize the theory to quantitatively describe, model and control the unit operations used in hydrometallurgical plants. The book describes the development and operation of processes utilizing hydrometallurgical operations, making it a valuable resource and reference for researchers, academics, students and industry professionals. It focuses on quantitative problem-solving with many worked examples and focused problems based on Nicol's many years of experience in teaching hydrometallurgy to students, researchers and industry professionals. - Helps readers master detailed chemistry and chemical engineering fundamentals that are required to fully engage in the field of hydrometallurgy - Provides a ready reference for students, academics and practicing professionals who are confronted by a particular problem or opportunity in hydrometallurgy - Features many worked problems and appropriate workshops, providing the necessary skills to tackle quantitative problems in hydrometallurgy
