México Beyond 1968
México Beyond 1968

Author: Jaime M. Pensado

Publisher: University of Arizona Press

Published: 2018-09-18

Total Pages: 361

ISBN-13: 0816539081

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México Beyond 1968 examines the revolutionary organizing and state repression that characterized Mexico during the 1960s and 1970s. The massacre of students in Mexico City in October 1968 is often considered the defining moment of this period. The authors in this volume challenge the centrality of that moment by looking at the broader story of struggle and repression across Mexico during this time. México Beyond 1968 complicates traditional narratives of youth radicalism and places urban and rural rebellions within the political context of the nation’s Dirty Wars during this period. The book illustrates how expressions of resistance developed from the ground up in different regions of Mexico, including Chihuahua, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico City, Puebla, and Nuevo León. Movements in these regions took on a variety of forms, including militant strikes, land invasions, cross-country marches, independent forums, popular organizing, and urban and rural guerrilla uprisings. México Beyond 1968 brings together leading scholars of Mexican studies today. They share their original research from Mexican archives partially opened after 2000 and now closed again to scholars, and they offer analysis of this rich primary source material, including interviews, political manifestos, newspapers, and human rights reports. By centering on movements throughout Mexico, México Beyond 1968 underscores the deep-rooted histories of inequality and the frustrations with a regime that monopolized power for decades. It challenges the conception of the Mexican state as “exceptional” and underscores and refocuses the centrality of the 1968 student movement. It brings to light the documents and voices of those who fought repression with revolution and asks us to rethink Mexico’s place in tumultuous times. Contributors: Alexander Aviña Adela Cedillo A. S. Dillingham Luis Herrán Avila Fernando Herrera Calderón Gladys I. McCormick Enrique C. Ochoa Verónica Oikión Solano Tanalís Padilla Wil G. Pansters Jaime M. Pensado Gema Santamaría Michael Soldatenko Carla Irina Villanueva Eric Zolov

Plaza of Sacrifices
Plaza of Sacrifices

Author: Elaine Carey

Publisher: UNM Press

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 276

ISBN-13: 9780826335456

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On October 2, 1968, up to 700 students were killed by government authorities while protesting in Mexico City - many of them women. This analysis of the role of women in the protest movement shows how the events of 1968 shaped modern Mexican society.

A Persistent Revolution
A Persistent Revolution

Author: Randal Sheppard

Publisher: University of New Mexico Press

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 390

ISBN-13: 0826356818

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CHAPTER FOUR: Carlos Salinas and Mexico's New Era of Solidarity and Concertación -- SNAPSHOT FIVE: ¡Ya basta! -- CHAPTER FIVE: Land, Liberty, and the Mestizo Nation -- SNAPSHOT SIX: Mexico 2010: Let's Celebrate -- CHAPTER SIX: A New Revolution? -- CONCLUSION -- NOTES -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- INDEX -- Back Cover

Hotel Mexico
Hotel Mexico

Author: George F. Flaherty

Publisher: Univ of California Press

Published: 2016-08-16

Total Pages: 332

ISBN-13: 0520291077

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In 1968, Mexico prepared to host the Olympic games amid growing civil unrest. The spectacular sports facilities and urban redevelopment projects built by the government in Mexico City mirrored the country’s rapid but uneven modernization. In the same year, a street-savvy democratization movement led by students emerged in the city. Throughout the summer, the ‘68 Movement staged protests underscoring a widespread sense of political disenfranchisement. Just ten days before the Olympics began, nearly three hundred student protestors were massacred by the military in a plaza at the core of a new public housing complex. In spite of institutional denial and censorship, the 1968 massacre remains a touchstone in contemporary Mexican culture thanks to the public memory work of survivors and Mexico’s leftist intelligentsia. In this highly original study of the afterlives of the ’68 Movement, George F. Flaherty explores how urban spaces—material but also literary, photographic, and cinematic—became an archive of 1968, providing a framework for de facto modes of justice for years to come.

Modern Mexican Culture
Modern Mexican Culture

Author: Stuart A. Day

Publisher: University of Arizona Press

Published: 2017-10-31

Total Pages: 337

ISBN-13: 0816534268

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This collection of essays presents a key idea or event in the making of modern Mexico through the lenses of art and history--Provided by publisher.

Rebel Mexico
Rebel Mexico

Author: Jaime M. Pensado

Publisher: Stanford University Press

Published: 2013-07-17

Total Pages: 358

ISBN-13: 0804787298

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Winner of the 2014 Mexican Book Prize In the middle of the twentieth century, a growing tide of student activism in Mexico reached a level that could not be ignored, culminating with the 1968 movement. This book traces the rise, growth, and consequences of Mexico's "student problem" during the long sixties (1956-1971). Historian Jaime M. Pensado closely analyzes student politics and youth culture during this period, as well as reactions to them on the part of competing actors. Examining student unrest and youthful militancy in the forms of sponsored student thuggery (porrismo), provocation, clientelism (charrismo estudiantil), and fun (relajo), Pensado offers insight into larger issues of state formation and resistance. He draws particular attention to the shifting notions of youth in Cold War Mexico and details the impact of the Cuban Revolution in Mexico's universities. In doing so, Pensado demonstrates the ways in which deviating authorities—inside and outside the government—responded differently to student unrest, and provides a compelling explanation for the longevity of the Partido Revolucionario Institucional.

Photopoetics at Tlatelolco
Photopoetics at Tlatelolco

Author: Samuel Steinberg

Publisher: University of Texas Press

Published: 2016-01-15

Total Pages: 266

ISBN-13: 1477307508

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In the months leading up to the 1968 Olympic games in Mexico City, students took to the streets, calling for greater democratization and decrying crackdowns on political resistance by the ruling PRI party. During a mass meeting held at the Plaza of the Three Cultures in the Tlatelolco neighborhood, paramilitary forces opened fire on the gathering. The death toll from the massacre remains a contested number, ranging from an official count in the dozens to estimates in the hundreds by journalists and scholars. Rereading the legacy of this tragedy through diverse artistic-political interventions across the decades, Photopoetics at Tlatelolco explores the state’s dual repression—both the massacre’s crushing effects on the movement and the manipulation of cultural discourse and political thought in the aftermath. Examining artifacts ranging from documentary photography and testimony to poetry, essays, chronicles, cinema, literary texts, video, and performance, Samuel Steinberg considers the broad photographic and photopoetic nature of modern witnessing as well as the specific elements of light (gunfire, flares, camera flashes) that ultimately defined the massacre. Steinberg also demonstrates the ways in which the labels of “massacre” and “sacrifice” inform contemporary perceptions of the state’s blatant and violent repression of unrest. With implications for similar processes throughout the rest of Latin America from the 1960s to the present day, Photopoetics at Tlatelolco provides a powerful new model for understanding the intersection of political history and cultural memory.

Global 1968
Global 1968

Author: A. James McAdams

Publisher: University of Notre Dame Pess

Published: 2021-06-01

Total Pages: 642

ISBN-13: 0268200556

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Global 1968 is a unique study of the similarities and differences in the 1968 cultural revolutions in Europe and Latin America. The late 1960s was a time of revolutionary ferment throughout the world. Yet so much was in flux during these years that it is often difficult to make sense of the period. In this volume, distinguished historians, filmmakers, musicologists, literary scholars, and novelists address this challenge by exploring a specific issue—the extent to which the period that we associate with the year 1968 constituted a cultural revolution. They approach this topic by comparing the different manifestations of this transformational era in Europe and Latin America. The contributors show in vivid detail how new social mores, innovative forms of artistic expression, and cultural, religious, and political resistance were debated and tested on both sides of the Atlantic. In some cases, the desire to confront traditional beliefs and conventions had been percolating under the surface for years. Yet they also find that the impulse to overturn the status quo was fueled by the interplay of a host of factors that converged at the end of the 1960s and accelerated the transition from one generation to the next. These factors included new thinking about education and work, dramatic changes in the self-presentation of the Roman Catholic Church, government repression in both the Soviet Bloc and Latin America, and universal disillusionment with the United States. The contributors demonstrate that the short- and long-term effects of the cultural revolution of 1968 varied from country to country, but the period’s defining legacy was a lasting shift in values, beliefs, lifestyles, and artistic sensibilities. Contributors: A. James McAdams, Volker Schlöndorff, Massimo De Giuseppe, Eric Drott, Eric Zolov, William Collins Donahue, Valeria Manzano, Timothy W. Ryback, Vania Markarian, Belinda Davis, J. Patrice McSherry, Michael Seidman, Willem Melching, Jaime M. Pensado, Patrick Barr-Melej, Carmen-Helena Téllez, Alonso Cueto, and Ignacio Walker.

Looking for Mexico
Looking for Mexico

Author: John Mraz

Publisher: Duke University Press

Published: 2009-06-15

Total Pages: 360

ISBN-13: 0822392208

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In Looking for Mexico, a leading historian of visual culture, John Mraz, provides a panoramic view of Mexico’s modern visual culture from the U.S. invasion of 1847 to the present. Along the way, he illuminates the powerful role of photographs, films, illustrated magazines, and image-filled history books in the construction of national identity, showing how Mexicans have both made themselves and been made with the webs of significance spun by modern media. Central to Mraz’s book is photography, which was distributed widely throughout Mexico in the form of cartes-de-visite, postcards, and illustrated magazines. Mraz analyzes the work of a broad range of photographers, including Guillermo Kahlo, Winfield Scott, Hugo Brehme, Agustín Víctor Casasola, Tina Modotti, Manuel Álvarez Bravo, Héctor García, Pedro Meyer, and the New Photojournalists. He also examines representations of Mexico’s past in the country’s influential picture histories: popular, large-format, multivolume series replete with thousands of photographs and an assortment of texts. Turning to film, Mraz compares portrayals of the Mexican Revolution by Fernando de Fuentes to the later movies of Emilio Fernández and Gabriel Figueroa. He considers major stars of Golden Age cinema as gender archetypes for mexicanidad, juxtaposing the charros (hacienda cowboys) embodied by Pedro Infante, Pedro Armendáriz, and Jorge Negrete with the effacing women: the mother, Indian, and shrew as played by Sara García, Dolores del Río, and María Félix. Mraz also analyzes the leading comedians of the Mexican screen, representations of the 1968 student revolt, and depictions of Frida Kahlo in films made by Paul Leduc and Julie Taymor. Filled with more than fifty illustrations, Looking for Mexico is an exuberant plunge into Mexico’s national identity, its visual culture, and the connections between the two.

Contemporary Colonialities in Mexico and Beyond
Contemporary Colonialities in Mexico and Beyond

Author: Kathleen Ann Myers

Publisher: University of Toronto Press

Published: 2023-12-18

Total Pages: 235

ISBN-13: 1487551223

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Contemporary Colonialities in Mexico and Beyond explores the changing dynamic of coloniality by focusing on how modern cultural products connect to the foundational structures of colonialism. The book examines how these structures have perpetuated discourses of racial, ethnic, gender, and social exclusion rooted in Mexico’s history. Given the intimate relationship between coloniality and modernity, the volume addresses three central questions: How does the Mexican colonial history influence the definition of Mexico from within and outside its borders? What issues rooted in coloniality recur over time and space? And finally, how do cultural products provide a concrete and tangible way of studying coloniality, its history, and its evolution? The book analyses how literary works, movies, television series, and social media posts reconfigure colonial difference and spatialization. Supported by careful historical and cultural contextualization, these analyses will allow readers to appreciate contemporary Mexico vis-à-vis culture and borderland issues in the United States and debates on imperial memory in Spain. Ultimately, Contemporary Colonialities in Mexico and Beyond presents a handbook for readers looking to learn more about coloniality as a pervasive part of global interactions today.