Biology of Endothelial Cells
Biology of Endothelial Cells

Author: Eric A. Jaffe

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 471

ISBN-13: 146132825X

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The participation of endothelial cells in various physiologic and pathologic processes has been hypothesized since before the turn of the century. However, until recently, direct evidence for endothelial involvement in these processes has been extremely difficult to obtain due to the inability to study endothelial cell function in vitro. Though the possibility of using cultured endothelial cells to study endothelial cell function in vitro was recognized many years ago, the inability to culture unambiguously identifiable endothelial cells limited investigators in their studies of endothelial function. As a result, the field of endothelial cell biology lay relatively fallow for many years. The development in the early 1970's of routine and easily implemented methods for culturing human endothelial cells and the demonstration that cultured endothelial cells synthesized a physiologically relevant protein, Factor VIII/von Willebrand Factor, quickly changed this state of affairs. Over the following decade the scope of endothelial cell research rapidly widened, spreading in a number of directions. First, methods were developed to culture endothelial cells from a variety of species. Second, methods were developed to culture endothelial cells from different organs and types of blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries) within a single species. Third, and most important, investigators began using cultured endothelial cells as tools to study the potential involvement of endothelial cells in a wide assortment of biologically interesting processes. The net result has been a tremendous increase in our understanding of endothelial cell function.

Methods in Endothelial Cell Biology
Methods in Endothelial Cell Biology

Author: Hellmut G. Augustin

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2004-07-20

Total Pages: 414

ISBN-13: 9783540213970

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Endothelial cell biology has developed into a vibrant discipline and has become a critical instrument to study several disease processes on the cellular and molecular level. It is now widely recognized that dysfunctions of normal endothelial cell homeostasis are involved in some of the most important human diseases, including ischemic heart diseases, hypertension, atherosclerosis, tumors, diabetes, arthritis, and inflammation. Further, the increasing importance and recognition of the field of vascular biology in general requires in vitro and in vivo techniques in order to address the complex questions. Methods in Endothelial Cell Biology is a comprehensive practical "how-to"-guide summarizing the most relevant established techniques as well as a number of new emerging techniques. Easy-to-follow reliable protocols provide a useful lab bench resource for the experienced researcher and newcomer to the field.

Methods in Endothelial Cell Biology
Methods in Endothelial Cell Biology

Author: Hellmut G. Augustin

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 381

ISBN-13: 3642187250

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Endothelial cell biology has developed into a vibrant discipline and has become a critical instrument to study several disease processes on the cellular and molecular level. It is now widely recognized that dysfunctions of normal endothelial cell homeostasis are involved in some of the most important human diseases, including ischemic heart diseases, hypertension, atherosclerosis, tumors, diabetes, arthritis, and inflammation. Further, the increasing importance and recognition of the field of vascular biology in general requires in vitro and in vivo techniques in order to address the complex questions. Methods in Endothelial Cell Biology is a comprehensive practical "how-to"-guide summarizing the most relevant established techniques as well as a number of new emerging techniques. Easy-to-follow reliable protocols provide a useful lab bench resource for the experienced researcher and newcomer to the field.

Regulation of Endothelial Barrier Function
Regulation of Endothelial Barrier Function

Author: Sarah Y. Yuan

Publisher: Biota Publishing

Published: 2011-02-01

Total Pages: 160

ISBN-13: 1615041214

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The vascular endothelium lining the inner surface of blood vessels serves as the first interface for circulating blood components to interact with cells of the vascular wall and surrounding extravascular tissues. In addition to regulating blood delivery and perfusion, a major function of vascular endothelia, especially those in exchange microvessels (capillaries and postcapillary venules), is to provide a semipermeable barrier that controls blood–tissue exchange of fluids, nutrients, and metabolic wastes while preventing pathogens or harmful materials in the circulation from entering into tissues. During host defense against infection or tissue injury, endothelial barrier dysfunction occurs as a consequence as well as cause of inflammatory responses. Plasma leakage disturbs fluid homeostasis and impairs tissue oxygenation, a pathophysiological process contributing to multiple organ dysfunction associated with trauma, infection, metabolic disorder, and other forms of disease. In this book, we provide an updated overview of microvascular endothelial barrier structure and function in health and disease. The discussion is initiated with the basic physiological principles of fluid and solute transport across microvascular endothelium, followed by detailed information on endothelial cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions and the experimental techniques that are employed to measure endothelial permeability. Further discussion focuses on the signaling and molecular mechanisms of endothelial barrier responses to various stimulations or drugs, as well as their relevance to several common clinical conditions. Taken together, this book provides a comprehensive analysis of microvascular endothelial cell and molecular pathophysiology. Such information will assist scientists and clinicians in advanced basic and clinical research for improved health care.

Basic Cell Culture Protocols
Basic Cell Culture Protocols

Author: Cheryl D. Helgason

Publisher: Humana Press

Published: 2012-11-20

Total Pages: 550

ISBN-13: 9781627031271

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At some point in their careers, virtually every scientist and technician, as well as many medical professionals, regardless of their area of specialization have a need to utilize cell culture systems. Updating and significantly expanding upon the previous editions, Basic Cell Culture Protocols, Fourth Edition provides the novice cell culturist with sufficient information to perform the basic techniques, to ensure the health and identity of their cell lines, and to be able to isolate and culture specialized primary cell types. The intent of this extensive volume is to generate a valuable resource containing clear methodologies pertinent to current areas of investigation, rather than attempting to educate cell culturists on specific cell types or organ systems. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and up-to-date, Basic Cell Culture Protocols, Fourth Edition compiles the essential techniques needed to approach this vital laboratory activity with full success.

Endothelial Cell Culture
Endothelial Cell Culture

Author: Roy Bicknell

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 1996-09-28

Total Pages: 156

ISBN-13: 9780521559904

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The aim of the Handbooks in Practical Animal Cell Biology is to provide practical workbooks for those involved in primary cell culture. Each volume addresses a different cell lineage, and contains an introductory section followed by individual chapters on the culture of specific differentiated cell types. The authors of each chapter are leading researchers in their fields and use their first-hand experience to present reliable techniques in a clear and thorough manner. Endothelial Cell Culture contains chapters on endothelial cells derived from 1) lung, 2) bone marrow, 3) brain, 4) mammary glands, 5) skin, 6) adipose tissue, 7) female reproductive system, and 8) synovium.

Angiogenesis Protocols
Angiogenesis Protocols

Author: J. Clifford Murray

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2008-02-02

Total Pages: 263

ISBN-13: 1592591434

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In the last few years, we have been deluged with information on ang- genesis. Scientists and the public at large are exposed daily to this “new” science, not just in specialist journals and texts, but in the tabloid press, where popular articles refer to angiogenic therapies as magic bullets and miracle cures for cancer, arthritis, retinopathies, heart disease, and circulatory problems. Is there no ill this approach will not cure? The fact that so much time, effort, and resource have been and continue to be dedicated to this new science is clear testament to its importance. Yet many fundamental aspects of angiogenesis remain poorly und- stood, in particular cues that activate the process. This fact has to some extent been masked behind a surfeit of fine detail; we can’t see the wood for the trees. Most studies of angiogenesis identify single links in a long chain of events. Furthermore, each study is itself hampered by the limitations of the biological end-point chosen. For instance, though endothelial proliferation may well be necessary for angiogenesis, it is not sufficient. Therefore, measuring endothelial proliferation in response to a novel growth factor, and on the basis of this obs- vation, stating that the factor is “angiogenic,” is unsound logic. It is important that researchers in this field, and perhaps more importantly those experimenting at its periphery, recognize the limitations of their chosen biological end-points.

Angiogenesis Assays
Angiogenesis Assays

Author: Carolyn A. Staton

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2007-01-11

Total Pages: 410

ISBN-13: 047002934X

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Angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels from the existing vasculature, is essential for physiological growth and over 18,000 research articles have been published describing the role of angiogenesis in over 70 different diseases, including cancer, diabetic retinopathy, rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. One of the most important technical challenges in such studies has been finding suitable methods for assessing the effects of regulators of eh angiogenic response. While increasing numbers of angiogenesis assays are being described both in vitro and in vivo, it is often still necessary to use a combination of assays to identify the cellular and molecular events in angiogenesis and the full range of effects of a given test protein. Although the endothelial cell - its migration, proliferation, differentiation and structural rearrangement - is central to the angiogenic process, it is not the only cell type involved. the supporting cells, the extracellular matrix and the circulating blood with its cellular and humoral components also contribute. In this book, experts in the use of a diverse range of assays outline key components of these and give a critical appraisal of their strengths and weaknesses. Examples include assays for the proliferation, migration and differentiation of endothelial cells in vitro, vessel outgrowth from organ cultures, assessment of endothelial and mural cell interactions, and such in vivo assays as the chick chorioallantoic membrane, zebrafish, corneal, chamber and tumour angiogenesis models. These are followed by a critical analysis of the biological end-points currently being used in clinical trials to assess the clinical efficacy of anti-angiogenic drugs, which leads into a discussion of the direction future studies should take. This valuable book is of interest to research scientists currently working on angiogenesis in both the academic community and in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. Relevant disciplines include cell and molecular biology, oncology, cardiovascular research, biotechnology, pharmacology, pathology and physiology.

Fundamentals of Vascular Biology
Fundamentals of Vascular Biology

Author: Margarethe Geiger

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2019-05-08

Total Pages: 400

ISBN-13: 3030122700

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This well-structured textbook offers essential knowledge on the vascular system. The reader will learn the properties, basic cellular mechanisms and development of the different parts of the vascular system (including the heart), gain knowledge on vascular and related diseases, and will be made familiar with common and most current methods and techniques applied to analyze the vascular system in patients, in animal models, and ex vivo. This book is based on a PhD Course for students from various bioscientific backgrounds given at the Medical University of Vienna, and it will be a valuable resource for Master ́s Students in vascular biology and biomedicine in general and a helpful tool for young researchers world-wide wishing to gain or refresh their knowledge in this field.