METAPHYSICS FACTS AND FALLACIES
METAPHYSICS FACTS AND FALLACIES

Author: Andreas Sofroniou

Publisher: Lulu.com

Published: 2016-10-04

Total Pages: 214

ISBN-13: 1326807455

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This book deals with Metaphysics as a branch of philosophy which studies the most general categories, concepts and descriptions of ourselves and the world; causality, substance, ontology, time, and reality. Metaphysical questions can ask whether our actions are subject to causality, which gives rise to the problem of free will, and the question of whether our mental experiences involve a separate substance from body is a major issue in the philosophy of mind. Although metaphysics dates back to the ancient Greeks, the rise of science led to attempts by philosophers to limit the claims of metaphysics, and earlier in the last century scientifically minded philosophers such as the logical positivists claimed that metaphysical assertions were meaningless. In modern times the term used for the interpretation of Metaphysics is widely miscomprehended. The misunderstanding of the subject of Metaphysics extends to the mystical and esoteric feelings of the oriental religions and conceptions of therapeutic methods.

Metaphysics and the Representational Fallacy
Metaphysics and the Representational Fallacy

Author: Heather Dyke

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 201

ISBN-13: 0415956692

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This book is an investigation into metaphysics: its aims, scope, methodology and practice. Dyke argues that metaphysics should (and on the whole does) take itself to be concerned with investigating the fundamental nature of reality, and suggests that the ontological significance of language has been grossly exaggerated in the pursuit of that aim.

Facts and Values
Facts and Values

Author: Giancarlo Marchetti

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2016-11-03

Total Pages: 440

ISBN-13: 1317354672

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This collection offers a synoptic view of current philosophical debates concerning the relationship between facts and values, bringing together a wide spectrum of contributors committed to testing the validity of this dichotomy, exploring alternatives, and assessing their implications. The assumption that facts and values inhabit distinct, unbridgeable conceptual and experiential domains has long dominated scientific and philosophical discourse, but this separation has been seriously called into question from a number of corners. The original essays here collected offer a diversity of responses to fact-value dichotomy, including contributions from Hilary Putnam and Ruth Anna Putnam who are rightly credited with revitalizing philosophical interest in this alleged opposition. Both they, and many of our contributors, are in agreement that the relationship between epistemic developments and evaluative attitudes cannot be framed as a conflict between descriptive and normative understanding. Each chapter demonstrates how and why contrapositions between science and ethics, between facts and values, and between objective and subjective are false dichotomies. Values cannot simply be separated from reason. Facts and Values will therefore prove essential reading for analytic and continental philosophers alike, for theorists of ethics and meta-ethics, and for philosophers of economics and law.

Metaphysics and the Representational Fallacy
Metaphysics and the Representational Fallacy

Author: Heather Dyke

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2012-07-26

Total Pages: 201

ISBN-13: 1135910294

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This book is an investigation into metaphysics: its aims, scope, methodology and practice. Dyke argues that metaphysics should take itself to be concerned with investigating the fundamental nature of reality, and suggests that the ontological significance of language has been grossly exaggerated in the pursuit of that aim.

The Naturalistic Fallacy
The Naturalistic Fallacy

Author: Neil Sinclair

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2019

Total Pages: 297

ISBN-13: 1107168791

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Presents a definitive guide to the text, history and philosophy behind the most influential argument in the history of ethics.

The Oxford Handbook of Dewey
The Oxford Handbook of Dewey

Author: Steven Fesmire

Publisher: Oxford Handbooks

Published: 2019

Total Pages: 809

ISBN-13: 0190491191

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This handbook is currently in development, with individual articles publishing online in advance of print publication. At this time, we cannot add information about unpublished articles in this handbook, however the table of contents will continue to grow as additional articles pass through the review process and are added to the site. Please note that the online publication date for this handbook is the date that the first article in the title was published online.

The Zero Fallacy and Other Essays in Neoclassical Philosophy
The Zero Fallacy and Other Essays in Neoclassical Philosophy

Author: Charles Hartshorne

Publisher: Open Court Publishing

Published: 1997

Total Pages: 276

ISBN-13: 9780812693249

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For seven decades Charles Hartshorne has presented his philosophical themes with ingenuity and deep historical awareness, comparing his positions in illuminating fashion with those of major figures from Plato to Kant to Popper. Integral to Hartshorne's thinking have been bold, fresh interpretations of such notions as God, freedom, change, creativity, aesthetic meaning, the social character of experience, and generalized causal possibility with a place for probabilities and open possibilities.

Kant on the Sources of Metaphysics
Kant on the Sources of Metaphysics

Author: Marcus Willaschek

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2018-10-24

Total Pages: 312

ISBN-13: 110859607X

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In the Critique of Pure Reason, Kant famously criticizes traditional metaphysics and its proofs of immortality, free will and God's existence. What is often overlooked is that Kant also explains why rational beings must ask metaphysical questions about 'unconditioned' objects such as souls, uncaused causes or God, and why answers to these questions will appear rationally compelling to them. In this book, Marcus Willaschek reconstructs and defends Kant's account of the rational sources of metaphysics. After carefully explaining Kant's conceptions of reason and metaphysics, he offers detailed interpretations of the relevant passages from the Critique of Pure Reason (in particular, the 'Transcendental Dialectic') in which Kant explains why reason seeks 'the unconditioned'. Willaschek offers a novel interpretation of the Transcendental Dialectic, pointing up its 'positive' side, while at the same time it uncovers a highly original account of metaphysical thinking that will be relevant to contemporary philosophical debates.

The Tools of Metaphysics and the Metaphysics of Science
The Tools of Metaphysics and the Metaphysics of Science

Author: Theodore Sider

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2020-02-19

Total Pages: 246

ISBN-13: 0192539450

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Metaphysics is sensitive to the conceptual tools we choose to articulate metaphysical problems. Those tools are a lens through which we view metaphysical problems, and the same problems will look different when we change the lens. In this book, Theodore Sider identifies how the shift from modal to "postmodal" conceptual tools in recent years has affected the metaphysics of science and mathematics. He highlights, for instance, how the increased consideration of concepts of ground, essence, and fundamentality has transformed the debate over structuralism in many ways. Sider then examines three structuralist positions through a postmodal lens. First, nomic essentialism, which says that scientific properties are secondary and lawlike relationships among them are primary. Second, structuralism about individuals, a general position of which mathematical structuralism and structural realism are instances, which says that scientific and mathematical objects are secondary and the pattern of relations among them is primary. And third, comparativism about quantities, which says that particular values of scientific quantities, such as having exactly 1000g mass, are secondary, and quantitative relations, such as being-twice-as-massive-as, are primary. Sider concludes these discussions by considering the meta-question of when theories are equivalent and how that impacts the debate over structuralism.