The objectives of this book are twofold: to provide insight and understanding of two-phase flow phenomena and to develop analytical tools for either designing two-phase flow systems or conducting research in this area. The traditional approach for two-phase flow prediction was based on the development of an empirical correlation from experimental data. This book presents the recent approach, in which mathematical mechanistic models are developed, based on the physical phenomena, to predict two-phase flow behavior. The models can be verified and refined with limited experimental data. However, as these models incorporate the physical phenomena and the important flow variables, they can be extended to different operational conditions and can enable scaleup with significant confidence.
Annular Two-Phase Flow presents the wide range of industrial applications of annular two-phase flow regimes. This book discusses the fluid dynamics and heat transfer aspects of the flow pattern. Organized into 12 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the classification of the various types of interface distribution observed in practice. This text then examines the various regimes of two-phase flow with emphasis on the regions of occurrence of the annular flow regime. Other chapters consider the single momentum and energy balances, which illustrate the differences and analogies between single- and two-phase flows. This book discusses as well the simple modes for annular flow with consideration to the calculation of the profile of shear stress in the liquid film. The final chapter deals with the techniques that are developed for the measurement of flow pattern, entrainment, and film thickness. This book is a valuable resource for chemical engineers.
Annotation This book presents the fundamentals of multiphase production with regard to flow simulations in multiphase pipelines, multiphase pumping and multiphase metering. It gives a large range of information on approaches and technologies which can be used today. It is designed for engineers involved in field development, but also for petroleum engineering students.
Multiphase Transport of Hydrocarbons in Pipes An introduction to multiphase flows in the oil and gas industry The term ‘multiphase flow’ refers to the concurrent flow of oil and/or gas, alongside other substances or materials such as production water, chemical inhibitors, and solids (e.g. sand). This is a critical topic in the oil and gas industry, where the presence of multiple flow phases in pipelines affects deliverability, generates serious complications in predicting flow performance for system design and operation, and requires specific risk mitigation actions and continuous maintenance. Chemical and Mechanical Engineers interested in working in this industry will benefit from understanding the basic theories and practices required to model and operate multiphase flows through pipelines, wells, and other components of the production system. Multiphase Transport of Hydrocarbons in Pipes meets this need with a comprehensive overview of five decades of research into multiphase flow. Incorporating fundamental theories, historic and cutting-edge multiphase flow models, and concrete examples of current and future applications. This book provides a sound technical background for prospective or working engineers in need of understanding this crucial area of industry. Readers will also find: Fundamental principles supporting commercial software Detailed tools for estimating multiphase flow rates through flowlines, wells, and more Integration of conservation principles with thermodynamic and transport properties Coverage of legacy and modern simulation models This book is ideal for flow assurance engineers, facilities engineers, oil and gas production engineers, and process engineers, as well as chemical and mechanical engineering students looking to work in any of these roles.
Fundamentals of Gas Lift Engineering: Well Design and Troubleshooting discusses the important topic of oil and gas reservoirs as they continue to naturally deplete, decline, and mature, and how more oil and gas companies are trying to divert their investments in artificial lift methods to help prolong their assets. While not much physically has changed since the invention of the King Valve in the 1940s, new developments in analytical procedures, computational tools and software, and many related technologies have completely changed the way production engineers and well operators face the daily design and troubleshooting tasks and challenges of gas lift, which can now be carried out faster, and in a more accurate and productive way, assuming the person is properly trained. This book fulfills this training need with updates on the latest gas lift designs, troubleshooting techniques, and real-world field case studies that can be applied to all levels of situations, including offshore. Making operational and troubleshooting techniques central to the discussion, the book empowers the engineer, new and experienced, to analyze the challenge involved and make educated adjustments and conclusions in the most economical and practical way. Packed with information on computer utilization, inflow and outflow performance analysis, and worked calculation examples made for training, the book brings fresh air and innovation to a long-standing essential component in a well's lifecycle. - Covers essential gas lift design, troubleshooting, and the latest developments in R&D - Provides real-world field experience and techniques to solve both onshore and offshore challenges - Offers past and present analytical and operational techniques available in an easy-to-read manner - Features information on computer utilization, inflow and outflow performance analysis, and worked calculation training examples
The book is intended for practicing engineers in the oil industry, researchers, and graduate students interested in designing and simulating offshore hydrocarbon production systems. It approaches offshore oil production systems from an integrated perspective that combines the modeling of thermophysical properties of reservoir fluids and their flow as a multiphase mixture in wellbores, flow lines, and risers. The first part of the book presents an internally consistent method to compute the critical parameters and acentric factor of Single Carbon Number (SCN) fractions of petroleum mixtures using state-of-the-art multivariate fitting techniques. The procedure is illustrated and validated using flash and differential liberation data from actual field samples. In the second part of the book, mechanistic multiphase flow models are discussed in light of their ability to predict the pressure, temperature, and phase holdup of production fluids in wellbores, flow lines, and risers. Multivariate fitting procedures are again applied to evaluate the sensitivity of the results with respect to closure relationship parameters, such as slug body gas holdup, wall shear stress, and wall roughness in pipelines and production tubing. Finally, the modeling framework is validated using actual field data from offshore production wells.
This is an up-to-date review of recent advances in the study of two-phase flows, with focus on gas-liquid flows, liquid-liquid flows, and particle transport in turbulent flows. The book is divided into several chapters, which after introducing basic concepts lead the reader through a more complex treatment of the subjects. The reader will find an extensive review of both the older and the more recent literature, with abundance of formulas, correlations, graphs and tables. A comprehensive (though non exhaustive) list of bibliographic references is provided at the end of each chapter. The volume is especially indicated for researchers who would like to carry out experimental, theoretical or computational work on two-phase flows, as well as for professionals who wish to learn more about this topic.
This volume presents state-of-the-art of reviews in the field of multiphase flow. In focusses on nonlinear aspects of multiphase flow networks as well as visualization experiments. The first chapter presents nonlinear aspects or deterministic chaos issues in the systems of multi-phase reactors. The second chapter reviews two-phase flow dynamics in combination with complex network theory. The third chapter discusses evaporation mechanism in the wick of copper heat pipes. The last chapter investigates numerically the flow dynamics and heat and mass transfer in the laminar and turbulent boundary layer on the flat vertical plate.
This book presents the latest research in one of the most challenging, yet most universally applicable areas of technology. Multiphase flows are found in all areas of technology, at all length scales and flow regimes, involving compressible or incompressible linear or nonlinear fluids. The range of related problems of interest is vast, including astrophysics, biology, geophysics, atmospheric process, and many areas of engineering. The solution of the equations that describe such complex problems often requires a combination of advanced computational and experimental methods. For example, any models developed must be validated through the application of expensive and difficult experimental techniques. Numerous problems in the area thus remain as yet unsolved, including modelling nonlinear fluids, modelling and tracking interfaces, dealing with multiple length scales, characterising phase structures, and treating drop break-up and coalescence. The papers contained in the book were presented at the eighth in a well established series of biennial conferences that began in 2001. They represent close interaction between numerical modellers and other researchers working to gradually resolve the many outstanding issues in understanding of multiphase flow. The papers in the book cover such topics as: Multiphase Flow Simulation; Bubble and Drop Dynamics; Interface Behaviour; Experimental Measurements; Energy Applications; Compressible Flows; Flow in Porous Media; Turbulent Flow; Image Processing; Heat Transfer; Atomization; Hydromagnetics; Plasma; Fluidised Beds; Cavitation.
