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Author: Patrick L.S. Connor
Publisher: Springer Nature
Published: 2019-11-29
Total Pages: 325
ISBN-13: 3030343839
DOWNLOAD EBOOK^ 74 GeV and |y| 2.4; the b jets must contain a B hadron. The measurement has significant statistics up to p T ∼ O(TeV). Advanced methods of unfolding are performed to extract the signal. It is found that fixed-order calculations with underlying event describe the measurement well.
Author: John Campbell
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Published: 2018-01-19
Total Pages: 761
ISBN-13: 0191014990
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe Black Book of Quantum Chromodynamics is an in-depth introduction to the particle physics of current and future experiments at particle accelerators. The book offers the reader an overview of practically all aspects of the strong interaction necessary to understand and appreciate modern particle phenomenology at the energy frontier. It assumes a working knowledge of quantum field theory at the level of introductory textbooks used for advanced undergraduate or in standard postgraduate lectures. The book expands this knowledge with an intuitive understanding of relevant physical concepts, an introduction to modern techniques, and their application to the phenomenology of the strong interaction at the highest energies. Aimed at graduate students and researchers, it also serves as a comprehensive reference for LHC experimenters and theorists. This book offers an exhaustive presentation of the technologies developed and used by practitioners in the field of fixed-order perturbation theory and an overview of results relevant for the ongoing research programme at the LHC. It includes an in-depth description of various analytic resummation techniques, which form the basis for our understanding of the QCD radiation pattern and how strong production processes manifest themselves in data, and a concise discussion of numerical resummation through parton showers, which form the basis of event generators for the simulation of LHC physics, and their matching and merging with fixed-order matrix elements. It also gives a detailed presentation of the physics behind the parton distribution functions, which are a necessary ingredient for every calculation relevant for physics at hadron colliders such as the LHC, and an introduction to non-perturbative aspects of the strong interaction, including inclusive observables such as total and elastic cross sections, and non-trivial effects such as multiple parton interactions and hadronization. The book concludes with a useful overview contextualising data from previous experiments such as the Tevatron and the Run I of the LHC which have shaped our understanding of QCD at hadron colliders.
Author: Markus Zinser
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2018-09-25
Total Pages: 386
ISBN-13: 3030006506
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book presents two analyses, the first of which involves the search for a new heavy charged gauge boson, a so-called W' boson. This new gauge boson is predicted by some theories extending the Standard Model gauge group to solve some of its conceptual problems. Decays of the W' boson in final states with a lepton (l± = e± , μ±) and the corresponding (anti-)neutrino are considered. Data collected by the ATLAS experiment in 2015 at a center of mass energy of √s =13 TeV is used for the analysis. In turn, the second analysis presents a measurement of the double-differential cross section of the process pp->Z/gamma^* + X -> l^+l^- + X, including a gamma gamma induced contribution, at a center of mass energy of sqrt{s} = 8 TeV. The measurement is performed in an invariant mass region of 116 GeV to 1500 GeV as a function of invariant mass and absolute rapidity of the l^+l^-- pair, and as a function of invariant mass and pseudorapidity separation of the l^+l^-- pair. The data analyzed was recorded by the ATLAS experiment in 2012 and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 20.3/fb. It is expected that the measured cross sections are sensitive to the PDFs at very high values of the Bjorken-x scaling variable, and to the photon structure of the proton.
Author: Shota Tsiskaridze
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2017-08-02
Total Pages: 248
ISBN-13: 3319634143
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis PhD thesis focuses on the search for flavor-changing neutral currents in the decay of a top quark to an up-type quark (q = u, c) and the Standard Model Higgs boson, where the Higgs boson decays to bb. Further, the thesis presents the combination of this search for top quark pair events with other ATLAS searches – in the course of which the most restrictive bounds to date on tqH interactions were obtained. Following on from the discovery of the Higgs boson, it is particularly important to measure the Yukawa couplings of the Standard Model fermions; these parameters may provide crucial insights to help solve the flavor puzzle and may help reveal the presence of new physics before it is directly observed in experiments.
Author: Giuliano Panico
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2015-11-17
Total Pages: 325
ISBN-13: 3319226177
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe Hierarchy Problem is arguably the most important guiding principle concerning the extension to high-energy scales of the Standard Model (SM) of Fundamental Interactions. Every scenario for addressing this issue unavoidably predicts new physics in the TeV energy range, which is currently being probed directly by the LHC experimental program. Among the possible solutions to the Hierarchy Problem, the scenario of a composite Higgs boson is a very simple idea and a rather plausible picture has emerged over the years by combining the following ingredients: First, the Higgs must be a (pseudo-) Nambu-Goldstone boson, rather than a generic hadron of the new strong sector. Second, through the so-called ‘partial compositeness’, SM particles mix with strong sector resonances with suitable quantum numbers, so that they become a linear combination of elementary and composite degrees of freedom. Recently, general descriptions of the Composite Higgs Scenario were developed which successfully capture the relevant features of this theoretical framework in a largely model-independent way. The present book provides a concise and illustrative introduction to the subject for a broad audience of graduate students and non-specialist researchers in the fields of particle, nuclear and gravitational physics.
Author: Simone Marzani
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2019-05-11
Total Pages: 210
ISBN-13: 3030157091
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis concise primer reviews the latest developments in the field of jets. Jets are collinear sprays of hadrons produced in very high-energy collisions, e.g. at the LHC or at a future hadron collider. They are essential to and ubiquitous in experimental analyses, making their study crucial. At present LHC energies and beyond, massive particles around the electroweak scale are frequently produced with transverse momenta that are much larger than their mass, i.e., boosted. The decay products of such boosted massive objects tend to occupy only a relatively small and confined area of the detector and are observed as a single jet. Jets hence arise from many different sources and it is important to be able to distinguish the rare events with boosted resonances from the large backgrounds originating from Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). This requires familiarity with the internal properties of jets, such as their different radiation patterns, a field broadly known as jet substructure. This set of notes begins by providing a phenomenological motivation, explaining why the study of jets and their substructure is of particular importance for the current and future program of the LHC, followed by a brief but insightful introduction to QCD and to hadron-collider phenomenology. The next section introduces jets as complex objects constructed from a sequential recombination algorithm. In this context some experimental aspects are also reviewed. Since jet substructure calculations are multi-scale problems that call for all-order treatments (resummations), the bases of such calculations are discussed for simple jet quantities. With these QCD and jet physics ingredients in hand, readers can then dig into jet substructure itself. Accordingly, these notes first highlight the main concepts behind substructure techniques and introduce a list of the main jet substructure tools that have been used over the past decade. Analytic calculations are then provided for several families of tools, the goal being to identify their key characteristics. In closing, the book provides an overview of LHC searches and measurements where jet substructure techniques are used, reviews the main take-home messages, and outlines future perspectives.
Author: Claus Grupen
Publisher: Springer Nature
Published: 2020-01-27
Total Pages: 616
ISBN-13: 3030273393
DOWNLOAD EBOOKDescribes the branch of astronomy in which processes in the universe are investigated with experimental methods employed in particle-physics experiments. After a historical introduction the basics of elementary particles, Explains particle interactions and the relevant detection techniques, while modern aspects of astroparticle physics are described in a chapter on cosmology. Provides an orientation in the field of astroparticle physics that many beginners might seek and appreciate because the underlying physics fundamentals are presented with little mathematics, and the results are illustrated by many diagrams. Readers have a chance to enter this field of astronomy with a book that closes the gap between expert and popular level.
Author: Bogdan Povh
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2017-05-05
Total Pages: 230
ISBN-13: 3662545152
DOWNLOAD EBOOKQuantum physics may appear complicated, especially if one forgets the "big picture" and gets lost in the details. However, it can become clearer and less tangled if one applies a few fundamental concepts so that simplified approaches can emerge and estimated orders of magnitude become clear. Povh and Rosina’s Scattering and Structures presents the properties of quantum systems (elementary particles, nucleons, atoms, molecules, quantum gases, quantum liquids, stars, and early universe) with the help of elementary concepts and analogies between these seemingly different systems. In this new edition, sections on quantum gases and an up to date overview of elementary particles have been added.
Author: John F. Gunion
Publisher: CRC Press
Published: 2018-03-05
Total Pages: 333
ISBN-13: 0429976070
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe Higgs Hunter's Guide is a definitive and comprehensive guide to the physics of Higgs bosons. In particular, it discusses the extended Higgs sectors required by those recent theoretical approaches that go beyond the Standard Model, including supersymmetry and superstring-inspired models.
