High-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) has become a most powerful method for investigating the internal structure of materials on an atomic scale of around 0.1 nm. The authors clearly explain both the theory and practice of HREM for materials science. In addition to a fundamental formulation of the imaging process of HREM, there is detailed explanation of image simulationindispensable for interpretation of high-resolution images. Essential information on appropriate imaging conditions for observing lattice images and structure images is presented, and methods for extracting structural information from these observations are clearly shown, including examples in advanced materials. Dislocations, interfaces, and surfaces are dealt with, and materials such as composite ceramics, high-Tc superconductors, and quasicrystals are also considered. Included are sections on the latest instruments and techniques, such as the imaging plate and quantitative HREM.
Analytical electron microscopy is one of the most powerful tools today for characterization of the advanced materials that support the nanotechnology of the twenty-first century. In this book the authors clearly explain both the basic principles and the latest developments in the field. In addition to a fundamental description of the inelastic scattering process, an explanation of the constituent hardware is provided. Standard quantitative analytical techniques employing electron energy-loss spectroscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy are also explained, along with elemental mapping techniques. Included are sections on convergent beam electron diffraction and electron holography utilizing the field emission gun. With generous use of illustrations and experimental data, this book is a valuable resource for anyone concerned with materials characterization, electron microscopy, materials science, crystallography, and instrumentation.
Please note this is a Short Discount publication. Advanced Materials in Japan: Source Book 1992 offers the reader news of all the developments which have taken place over the last year. The Source Book is divided into chapters based on the divisions of news in New Materials in Japan – Metals & Alloys; Ceramics; Composites; Electronic & Optoelectronic Materials; Magnetic Materials; Plastics; Materials & The Environment; Medical Materials and Textiles, each introduced by an expert in these particular areas and discussing the implications of the information to non–Japanese industry. In addition, the Source Book includes a chapter devoted to business/market information – company mergers acquisitions etc., together with an overview of the Japanese approach to advanced materials and highlighting all major research initiatives, research programmes etc.
Since a formulated concept of functionally graded materials (FGMs) was proposed in 1984 as a means of preparing thermal barrier materials, a coordinated research has been developed since 1986. The 125 papers presented here present state of the art research results and developments on FGM from the past decade.A wide spectra of topics are covered including design and modeling, fracture analysis, powder metallurgical processes, deposition and spray processes, reaction forming processes, novel processes, material evaluation for structural applications, organic and intelligent materials. Three reviews associated with national research programs on FGMs promoted in Japan and Germany, and the historical perspective of FGM research in Europe are presented as well.The resulting work is recommended to researchers, engineers and graduate school students in the fields of materials science and engineering, mechanical and medical engineering.
Building on the success of previous editions, this book continues to provide engineers with a strong understanding of the three primary types of materials and composites, as well as the relationships that exist between the structural elements of materials and their properties. The relationships among processing, structure, properties, and performance components for steels, glass-ceramics, polymer fibers, and silicon semiconductors are explored throughout the chapters. The discussion of the construction of crystallographic directions in hexagonal unit cells is expanded. At the end of each chapter, engineers will also find revised summaries and new equation summaries to reexamine key concepts.
Covers: markets for new materials (metals and metal matrix composites; ceramics; and polymers); industrial uses of new materials in autos, home appliances, construction and more; and analysis of new materials issues (Federal materials organization; R&D, information and analysis; tax policy, international trade), and much more. B/w photos, graphs and tables.
The 10th edition of the World Directory of Crystallographers and of Other Scientists Employing Crystallographic Methods is a revised and up-to-date edition of the World Directory and contains the current addresses, academic status and research interests of over 8000 scientists in 74 countries. It is produced directly from the regularly updated electronic World Directory database, which is accessible via the World-Wide Web. Full details of the database are given in an Annex to the printed edition.