Materials Characterization for Process Control and Product Confromity
Materials Characterization for Process Control and Product Confromity

Author: Klaus Goebbels

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 1994-09-20

Total Pages: 264

ISBN-13: 9780849389573

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Nondestructive testing (NDT) is used to examine the ability of materials and components to withstand loads. Two features of NDT are defect inspection and materials characterization. Because of the increasing ability to manufacture materials and products "defect free" there is less need for defect-oriented NDT but an increasing need for materials characterization. This book is the first comprehensive work on materials characterization, presenting the state of the art and practical applications. Materials characterization is used during production, operations, service intervals, or after repairs. Materials are used to withstand mechanical, thermal, chemical, and irradiation loads-or a combination thereof. The ability to withstand these loads is essentially a function of parameters like chemical composition, microstructure, macrostructure, residual stresses, and materials properties. The physical background of NDT is presented along with its different methods. Ultrasonics, electromagnetics, and X-rays are treated with appropriate detail, while other methods such as acoustic emission, vibration analysis, optical, and thermal methods are also covered. The different methods of materials characterization are discussed following the goal parameters, from atomic to macroscopic dimensions. One of the practical features of the book is the presentation of real world applications. On-line process control and condition monitoring are discussed, as well as off-line applications for materials characterization after production and after operation.

Non-destructive Materials Characterization and Evaluation
Non-destructive Materials Characterization and Evaluation

Author: Walter Arnold

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2023-07-07

Total Pages: 333

ISBN-13: 3662664895

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This book is devoted to non-destructive materials characterization (NDMC) using different non-destructive evaluation techniques. It presents theoretical basis, physical understanding, and technological developments in the field of NDMC with suitable examples for engineering and materials science applications. It is written for engineers and researchers in R&D, design, production, quality assurance, and non-destructive testing and evaluation. The relevance of NDMC is to achieve higher reliability, safety, and productivity for monitoring production processes and also for in-service inspections for detection of degradations, which are often precursors of macro-defects and failure of components. Ultrasonic, magnetic, electromagnetic and X-rays based NDMC techniques are discussed in detail with brief discussions on electron and positron based techniques.

Materials Characterization Using Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) Methods
Materials Characterization Using Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) Methods

Author: Gerhard Huebschen

Publisher: Woodhead Publishing

Published: 2016-03-23

Total Pages: 322

ISBN-13: 008100057X

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Materials Characterization Using Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) Methods discusses NDT methods and how they are highly desirable for both long-term monitoring and short-term assessment of materials, providing crucial early warning that the fatigue life of a material has elapsed, thus helping to prevent service failures. Materials Characterization Using Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) Methods gives an overview of established and new NDT techniques for the characterization of materials, with a focus on materials used in the automotive, aerospace, power plants, and infrastructure construction industries. Each chapter focuses on a different NDT technique and indicates the potential of the method by selected examples of applications. Methods covered include scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray microtomography and diffraction, ultrasonic, electromagnetic, microwave, and hybrid techniques. The authors review both the determination of microstructure properties, including phase content and grain size, and the determination of mechanical properties, such as hardness, toughness, yield strength, texture, and residual stress. - Gives an overview of established and new NDT techniques, including scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray microtomography and diffraction, ultrasonic, electromagnetic, microwave, and hybrid techniques - Reviews the determination of microstructural and mechanical properties - Focuses on materials used in the automotive, aerospace, power plants, and infrastructure construction industries - Serves as a highly desirable resource for both long-term monitoring and short-term assessment of materials

Ultrasonics
Ultrasonics

Author: Dale Ensminger

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2011-09-19

Total Pages: 728

ISBN-13: 1420020277

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The book provides a unique and comprehensive treatment of the science, technology, and applications for industrial and medical ultrasonics, including low- and high-power implementations. The discussion of applications is combined with the fundamental physics, the reporting of the sensors/transducers, and systems for the full spectrum of industrial, nondestructive testing, and medical/bio-medical uses. It includes citations of numerous references and covers both mainstream and the more unusual and obscure applications of ultrasound.

Frontiers of Engineering
Frontiers of Engineering

Author: National Academy of Engineering

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1998-03-10

Total Pages: 140

ISBN-13: 9780309059831

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Space may have been called the final frontier, but there are new frontiers to discover every day, and engineers are the ones exploring them. Through groundbreaking research and new technologies, engineers are able to go beyond traditional boundaries to do things that would have been all but impossible just a few years ago. This book, the most recent in a series of publications, describes new and emerging technologies and explains how they were developed and the benefits they will bring. It also offers highlights of the pioneering research and technological work being done by some of the country's emerging leaders in engineering. Topics include biomechanics, sensors and control for manufacturing processes, safety and security issues, decisionmaking tools for design and manufacturing, and intelligent transportation systems.

X-Ray Imaging
X-Ray Imaging

Author: Harry E. Martz

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2016-10-26

Total Pages: 905

ISBN-13: 1315357267

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While books on the medical applications of x-ray imaging exist, there is not one currently available that focuses on industrial applications. Full of color images that show clear spectrometry and rich with applications, X-Ray Imaging fills the need for a comprehensive work on modern industrial x-ray imaging. It reviews the fundamental science of x-ray imaging and addresses equipment and system configuration. Useful to a broad range of radiation imaging practitioners, the book looks at the rapid development and deployment of digital x-ray imaging system.

Polymer Matrix Composites: Materials Usage, Design, and Analysis
Polymer Matrix Composites: Materials Usage, Design, and Analysis

Author: Composite Materials Handbook – 17 (CMH-17)

Publisher: SAE International

Published: 2012-07-10

Total Pages: 955

ISBN-13: 076807813X

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The third volume of this six-volume compendium provides methodologies and lessons learned for the design, analysis, manufacture, and field support of fiber-reinforced, polymeric-matrix composite structures. It also provides guidance on material and process specifications and procedures for using the data that is presented in Volume 2. The information provided is consistent with the guidance provided in Volume 1, and is an extensive compilation of the current knowledge and experiences of engineers and scientists from industry, government, and academia who are active in composites. The Composite Materials Handbook, referred to by industry groups as CMH-17, is a six-volume engineering reference tool that contains over 1,000 records of the latest test data for polymer matrix, metal matrix, ceramic matrix, and structural sandwich composites. CMH-17 provides information and guidance necessary to design and fabricate end items from composite materials. It includes properties of composite materials that meet specific data requirements as well as guidelines for design, analysis, material selection, manufacturing, quality control, and repair. The primary purpose of the handbook is to standardize engineering methodologies related to testing, data reduction, and reporting of property data for current and emerging composite materials. It is used by engineers worldwide in designing and fabricating products made from composite materials.

The Challenge of CMC Regulatory Compliance for Biopharmaceuticals
The Challenge of CMC Regulatory Compliance for Biopharmaceuticals

Author: John Geigert

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2023-06-15

Total Pages: 597

ISBN-13: 3031319095

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Each year for the past three years, there have been about 50 new molecular medicines approved by the United States Food & Drug Administration (FDA), of which approximately 25% were new biopharmaceuticals. Over 200 recombinant proteins, monoclonal antibodies, antibody drug conjugates, fusion proteins, and Fab fragments are now in the marketplace in both the United States of America (USA) and European Union (EU). There are also now over 60 biosimilars available for all major classes of recombinant proteins and monoclonal antibodies. In addition, gene therapies using genetically engineered viruses and genetically engineered cells are now in the marketplace, and continually growing. This degree of change is reflected in the over 400 CMC regulatory compliance references listed in this book that were either issued or updated since the release of the third edition. Deficiencies in biopharmaceutical CMC regulatory compliance rarely result in termination of a product, but in can readily cause months if not years of delay in initiating clinical trials, or advancing clinical development stages, or even market approval. In summary, this book: Updates real-world CMC deficiency examples with current examples; Addresses current FDA and EMA requirements and expectations for CMC regulatory compliance; Now includes CMC regulatory compliance for the new gene-based biopharmaceuticals.

Global standard for consumer products
Global standard for consumer products

Author: British Retail Consortium

Publisher: The Stationery Office

Published: 2010-02-04

Total Pages: 112

ISBN-13: 9780117064539

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Issue 3 of the BRC's "Global standard for consumer products" replaces issues 2 and 2a. There are substantial revisions and updates to the content to take into account the increasingly complex and prescriptive safety requirements in the global consumer products market. The standard covers a wide range of non-food products in the global marketplace, including: formulated products such as shampoos, paints and cosmetics; fabricated items like televisions and toys; electrical goods; furniture and textiles. Content revisions include the re-definition of consumer products into three, more clearly specified Product Groups, depending on the level of potential risk attributable to the product. The Standard also outlines an amended frequency of audits, including an audit visit every year following certification. New content includes the introduction of a grading system, defined by the number and severity of non conformities found. 'Fundamental' clauses have been added for the most important safety issues. Failure to meet a fundamental clause may result in failure to obtain certification or suspension of an existing certificate. The BRC Global Standard for Consumer Products Issue 3 is the first publication to result from the partnership between the BRC and the Retail Industry Leaders Association (RILA) in Washington. RILA promotes consumer choice and economic freedom through public policy and industry operational excellence. Its members include retailers, product manufacturers, and service suppliers - which together provide millions of jobs and operate more than 100,000 stores, manufacturing facilities and distribution centers domestically and abroad.

Process–Structure–Properties in Polymer Additive Manufacturing
Process–Structure–Properties in Polymer Additive Manufacturing

Author: Swee Leong Sing

Publisher: MDPI

Published: 2021-09-01

Total Pages: 218

ISBN-13: 303651371X

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Additive manufacturing (AM) methods have grown and evolved rapidly in recent years. AM for polymers is an exciting field and has great potential in transformative and translational research in many fields, such as biomedical, aerospace, and even electronics. Current methods for polymer AM include material extrusion, material jetting, vat polymerisation, and powder bed fusion. With the promise of more applications, detailed understanding of AM—from the processability of the feedstock to the relationship between the process–structure–properties of AM parts—has become more critical. More research work is needed in material development to widen the choice of materials for polymer additive manufacturing. Modelling and simulations of the process will allow the prediction of microstructures and mechanical properties of the fabricated parts while complementing the understanding of the physical phenomena that occurs during the AM processes. In this book, state-of-the-art reviews and current research are collated, which focus on the process–structure–properties relationships in polymer additive manufacturing.