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Author: W. Baldwin
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Published: 2013-06-17
Total Pages: 181
ISBN-13: 1136458298
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book provides a survey of the theory and of the empirical knowledge about the links between market structure and technological change.
Author: Ashish Arora
Publisher: MIT Press
Published: 2004-01-30
Total Pages: 351
ISBN-13: 0262261367
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe past two decades have seen a gradual but noticeable change in the economic organization of innovative activity. Most firms used to integrate research and development with activities such as production, marketing, and distribution. Today firms are forming joint ventures, research and development alliances, licensing deals, and a variety of other outsourcing arrangements with universities, technology-based start-ups, and other established firms. In many industries, a division of innovative labor is emerging, with a substantial increase in the licensing of existing and prospective technologies. In short, technology and knowledge are becoming definable and tradable commodities. Although researchers have made significant advances in understanding the determinants and consequences of innovation, until recently they have paid little attention to how innovation functions as an economic process. This book examines the nature and workings of markets for intermediate technological inputs. It looks first at how industry structure, the nature of knowledge, and intellectual property rights facilitate the development of technology markets. It then examines the impacts of these markets on firm boundaries, the division of labor within the economy, industry structure, and economic growth. Finally, it examines the implications of this framework for public policy and corporate strategy. Combining theoretical perspectives from economics and management with empirical analysis, the book also draws on historical evidence and case studies to flesh out its research results.
Author: Francesco Ducci
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 2020-07-23
Total Pages: 203
ISBN-13: 1108491146
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThrough three case studies, this book investigates whether digital industries are naturally monopolistic and evaluates policy approaches to market power.
Author: Morton I. Kamien
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 1982-02-26
Total Pages: 252
ISBN-13: 9780521293853
DOWNLOAD EBOOKTechnical advance requires resources and is motivated by the quest for profits; therefore, the rate and direction of advance is determined by the economic system. Recognition of this fact has focused attention on the performance of the market economy in the allocation of resources to technical advance, and the consequent body of research is surveyed and synthesised in this book. The theories of market structure and innovation proposed by Schumpeter, Galbraith, Arrow, Schmookler, Scherer, Mansfield, Phillips, Barzel, Kamien and Schwartz, Loury, Nelson and Winter, Grabowski, Dasgupta and Stiglitz, and others are presented in an integrated form. These theories deal with the nature of competition, the incentives to innovate and the pace of innovative activity under different market structures, and the existence of a market structure that yields the most rapid rate of innovation. In addition, the findings of seventy empirical studies dealing with various facets of the microeconomics of technical innovation are presented. The book is designed to be accessible to economists working in a variety of situations - in universities, business and government - and who are concerned with questions of technical innovation. It is also suitable for senior-level undergraduates and first year graduate students approaching the subject in a comprehensive way for the first time.
Author: Alfredo Del Monte
Publisher: University of Michigan Press
Published: 1992
Total Pages: 346
ISBN-13: 9780472103379
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThese are times of profound structural change. They are also times of great uncertainty as new forms of organization and market behavior emerge to replace and reshape older forms. Nowhere is this uncertainty felt more than in industrial organization theory. Notwithstanding the revolution it has undergone in the last decade due to the development of new tools and directions of analysis, the discipline has yet to create a coherent new body of thought. This book, in bringing together the work of academics who have all played a major role in injecting new life into the discipline, is an attempt to move toward this goal. Opening with an introduction by Alfredo Del Monte to the terms of the new debate relating to the rise of the new technological, behavioral and organizational forms, the book moves on to consider the contribution of three new approaches to industrial organization theory. John Sutton and Giovanni Dosi assess, respectively, the contribution of game theory and the evolutionary approach, while John Hey reviews the application of experimental methods. Following chapters, by Malcolm Sawyer and Keith Cowling, assess the relationship between structure and the characteristics of the industrial system as a whole, while Alfredo Del Monte and Fabio Esposito then discuss the significance of intra-industry differences related to variations in the flexibility of organizational structure. The contribution by Roberta Marchionatti and Francesco Silva, using the Italian case as an example, illustrates the impact of public intervention on industrial structure. Subsequently, theoretical issues regarding the internal organization of the firm are examined by Neil Kay, who assesses the joint venture as a particular form of collaborative activity, and by Nicola Acocella, who reviews different theories of the multinational firm. Another contribution to this set of chapters on the theory of the firm is Ricardo Martina's on the duopoly setting. The book concludes with three chapters, respectively by Paul Stoneman, Damiano Silipo, Neil O'Higgins and Patrizia Sbriglia on different issues concerning the relationship between technical progress and market structure.
Author: Dr Stanislaw Gomulka
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2006-12-05
Total Pages: 272
ISBN-13: 113494070X
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIn this wide ranging exposition of the various economic theories of technological change, Stanislaw Gomulka relates them to rates of growth experienced by different economies in both the short and the long term. Analysis of countries as diverse as Japan, the Soviet Union and the United Kingdom demonstrates that there is an interdependence between technological change and the institutional and cultural characteristics of different countries, which can have a profound effect on their rates of growth. All of the major, relevant models are discussed, including those of Kuznets and Phelps, but throughout the emphasis is on the creation of a unified theoretical framework to help explain the impact of technological progress on both a micro and a macro scale.
Author: Zoltán J. Ács
Publisher: University of Michigan Press
Published: 1991
Total Pages: 226
ISBN-13: 9780472102495
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAn analysis of market response to technological performance
Author: W. Scott Frame
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Published: 2010-08
Total Pages: 33
ISBN-13: 1437928730
DOWNLOAD EBOOKDiscusses the technological change and financial innovation that commercial banking has experienced during the past 25 years. Describes the role of the financial system in economies and how technological change and financial innovation can improve social welfare. Surveys the literature relating to several specific financial innovations, which are new products or services, production processes, or organizational forms. The past quarter century has been a period of substantial change in terms of banking products, services, and production technologies. Moreover, while much effort has been devoted to understanding the characteristics of users and adopters of financial innovations, we still know little about how and why financial innovations are initially developed.
Author: Zoltán J. Ács
Publisher: MIT Press
Published: 1990
Total Pages: 234
ISBN-13: 9780262011136
DOWNLOAD EBOOKUtilizing a unique data set, Zoltan Acs and David Audretsch provide a rich empirical analysis of the increased importance of small firms in generating technological innovations and their growing contribution to the U.S. economy. They identify the contributions made by both small and large firms to the innovative process and the manner in which market structure, and the firm-size distribution in particular, responds to technological change. The authors' analysis relies on traditional theories of industrial organization and tests existing hypotheses, many of them previously untested due to data constraints. Innovation and Small Firms brings together two large data bases recently released by the U. S. Small Business Administration - one directly measuring innovative activity for large and small firms, the other providing a detailed census of economic activity for all manufacturing firms and plants across a broad spectrum of industries. Acs and Audretsch describe and evaluate the data bases in the context of the literature on innovation, market structure, and firm size. They present their findings on the presence of small firms, small-firm entry in manufacturing, small-firm growth and flexible technology, and mobility and firm size. They compare static and dynamic measures of small-firm viability and address the relationships between R&D, innovation, and productivity, and analyze the interaction between technological regimes and the role of government in innovation.
Author: Arnulf Grübler
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2010-09-30
Total Pages: 414
ISBN-13: 1136522913
DOWNLOAD EBOOKMuch is written in the popular literature about the current pace of technological change. But do we have enough scientific knowledge about the sources and management of innovation to properly inform policymaking in technology dependent domains such as energy and the environment? While it is agreed that technological change does not 'fall from heaven like autumn leaves,' the theory, data, and models are deficient. The specific mechanisms that govern the rate and direction of inventive activity, the drivers and scope for incremental improvements that occur during technology diffusion, and the spillover effects that cross-fertilize technological innovations remain poorly understood. In a work that will interest serious readers of history, policy, and economics, the editors and their distinguished contributors offer a unique, single volume overview of the theoretical and empirical work on technological change. Beginning with a survey of existing research, they provide analysis and case studies in contexts such as medicine, agriculture, and power generation, paying particular attention to what technological change means for efficiency, productivity, and reduced environmental impacts. The book includes a historical analysis of technological change, an examination of the overall direction of technological change, and general theories about the sources of change. The contributors empirically test hypotheses of induced innovation and theories of institutional innovation. They propose ways to model induced technological change and evaluate its impact, and they consider issues such as uncertainty in technology returns, technology crossover effects, and clustering. A copublication o Resources for the Future (RFF) and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA).
