Algebraic Foundations of Many-Valued Reasoning

Algebraic Foundations of Many-Valued Reasoning

Author: R.L. Cignoli

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-03-09

Total Pages: 238

ISBN-13: 9401594805

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This unique textbook states and proves all the major theorems of many-valued propositional logic and provides the reader with the most recent developments and trends, including applications to adaptive error-correcting binary search. The book is suitable for self-study, making the basic tools of many-valued logic accessible to students and scientists with a basic mathematical knowledge who are interested in the mathematical treatment of uncertain information. Stressing the interplay between algebra and logic, the book contains material never before published, such as a simple proof of the completeness theorem and of the equivalence between Chang's MV algebras and Abelian lattice-ordered groups with unit - a necessary prerequisite for the incorporation of a genuine addition operation into fuzzy logic. Readers interested in fuzzy control are provided with a rich deductive system in which one can define fuzzy partitions, just as Boolean partitions can be defined and computed in classical logic. Detailed bibliographic remarks at the end of each chapter and an extensive bibliography lead the reader on to further specialised topics.


Private Foundations

Private Foundations

Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Finance. Subcommittee on Foundations

Publisher:

Published: 1973

Total Pages: 288

ISBN-13:

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Philanthropic Foundations

Philanthropic Foundations

Author: Ellen Condliffe Lagemann

Publisher: Indiana University Press

Published: 1999-07-22

Total Pages: 518

ISBN-13: 9780253112941

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"Foundations are socially and politically significant, but this simple fact... has mostly been ignored by students of American history.... This collection represents an important contribution to an emerging field." -- Kenneth Prewitt, Social Science Research Council


Writing Off Ideas

Writing Off Ideas

Author: Randall G. Holcombe

Publisher: Transaction Publishers

Published:

Total Pages: 300

ISBN-13: 9781412841863

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In the 20th century tax-exempt charitble foundations in the US have grown substantially, both in their financial importance, and in the scope of their activties. This book examines the economic, cultural, and intellectual implications of these organizations.


Corporate and Foundation Fund Raising

Corporate and Foundation Fund Raising

Author: Eugene A. Scanlan

Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning

Published: 1997

Total Pages: 308

ISBN-13: 9780834209367

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If you truly want to be successful in raising money from foundations a nd corporations, there are many steps you must take before a proposal goes out the door. And there are many things you must do after it is i n the hands of the potential funder. And that's why you should have a copy of Corporate and Foundation Fund Raising: A Compete Guide from th e Inside. It's the only step-by-step guide that provides a total and c omprehensive strategic approach to fund raising. You'll get a wealth o f hands-on techniques, strategy tips, real-life examples, war stories, time-saving forms, suggested readings, a glossary, and an extensive b ibliography.


Performance Measurement in Philanthropic Foundations

Performance Measurement in Philanthropic Foundations

Author: Helmut K. Anheier

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2018-09-03

Total Pages: 143

ISBN-13: 1351665898

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The growth of philanthropic foundations in numbers and significance raises two immediate questions. First, what makes for success and failure of foundations’ projects and activities? Second, what yardsticks or benchmarks are used to measure performance and track goal attainment? The purpose of this book is to delve deeper into the complex set of issues that lie behind the performance and wider impact of philanthropy. Performance Measurement in Philanthropic Foundations looks at the strengths and weaknesses of philanthropic foundations, which are independent of both the market and ballot box and yet open to signal and incentive deficiencies. The authors use in-depth case studies from different countries to illustrate the problems and challenge much of the conventional wisdom on foundation "success" and "failure." The book also outlines the main contours of a proactive governance and management style to address those problems.