The Maillard reaction was originally studied due to its importance in foods. Lately, it has been found to play a key role in many health-related issues. It is now associated with diabetes, ageing and cancer. The 5th International Symposium on The Maillard Reaction was held at the University of Minnesota, USA, in August 1993. This volume of conference proceedings presents recent research and discusses aspects of the chemistry, kinetics, technology and toxicology of this reaction.
Cooking involves chemical reactions that can make food smell and taste better. However, the same process that is responsible for creating the aroma, flavor, palatability, color, and taste of grilled and seared foods has also been linked to the development of chronic degenerative diseases. The Maillard reaction produces advanced glycation end produc
This book provides an overview of mitigation strategies and positive health effects of Maillard Reaction products in the contexts of food processing and storage. The effects of Maillard Reactions can vary considerably: while on the one hand certain sensorial alterations and influences on color, flavor and odor may be desirable, Maillard Reactions can also result in potentially harmful and toxic products (e.g. furfurals, furosines, or acrylamide). This book discusses possible mitigation strategies for the reduction of toxic reaction products, including the addition of enzymes or antioxidants, reducing sugars, and encapsulation approaches, as well as new processing strategies, such as high-pressure, radio-frequency, ultrahigh-temperature, or Ohmic heating methods. The book also illustrates that certain Maillard products can even produce positive health effects, e.g. antimicrobial or anticarcinogenic effects. The methods described here can serve as a blueprint for promoting the formation of beneficial compounds and reducing / avoiding toxic substances, offering essential strategies and methods.
Research in the field of the Maillard reaction has developed rapidly in recent years as a result of not only the application of improved analytical techniques, but also of the realisation that the Maillard reaction plays an important role in some human diseases and in the ageing process. The Maillard Reaction: Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Implications provides a comprehensive treatise on the Maillard reaction. This single-author volume covers all aspects of the Maillard reaction in a uniform, co-ordinated, and up-to-date manner. The book encompasses: the chemistry of non-enzymic browning; recent advances; colour formation in non-enzymic browning; flavour and off-flavour formation in non-enzymic browning; toxicological aspects; nutritional aspects; other physiological aspects; other consequences of technological significance; implications for other fields; non-enzymic browning due mainly to ascorbic acid; caramelisation; inhibition of non-enzymic browning in foods; and inhibition of the Maillard reaction in vivo. The Maillard Reaction: Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Implications will be welcomed as an important publication for both new and experienced researchers who are involved in solving the mysteries and complexities of Maillard chemistry and biochemistry. It will also appeal to students, university lecturers, and researchers in a variety of fields, including food science, nutrition, biochemistry, medicine, pharmacology, toxicology, and soil science.
This SpringerBrief explains the importance of Maillard reactions in food processing. It underlines that the term “Maillard reaction” actually does not describe one single chemical reaction, but an entire class of chemical reactions, which lead to browning, with a strong impact on visual appearance, odor, and flavor. It emphasizes that the Maillard reactions are still not fully characterized, despite extensive historical studies. While under the right conditions Maillard reactions have many favorable effects (e.g. formation of antioxidants), the Brief discusses that there are also conditions where Maillard reactions can result in toxic or mutagenic reactions. Hence, it emphasizes that the reaction should be viewed as a complex network of various sub-reactions, with a plethora of concomitant reaction mechanisms and kinetics. This Brief thus makes a step toward a holistic evaluation of the complexity of the Maillard reaction scheme, with the aim of making better and more targeted use in food processing.
This collection of papers are devoted to a single chemical reaction, the Maillard reaction. They look at various different topics, such as its use in the food industry, and its relation to ageing and age-related diseases. This collection of papers are devoted to a single chemical reaction, the Maillard reaction. They look at various different topics, such as its use in the food industry, and its relation to ageing and age-related diseases.
This Brief provides an overview of different analytical methods and techniques for the qualitative and quantitative evaluation of Maillard Reactions and their reaction products in foods during processing and storage. Reliable methodology for the investigation of Maillard Reactions and their products are of utmost importance in food analysis: since Maillard Reactions can on the one hand be desirable and advantageous, influencing the colors, flavors and odors of food products, they can on the other hand also produce detrimental compounds afflicting the consumers’ health (e.g. furfurals, furosine, or acrylamide). This Brief introduces different analytical methods, which can be used to investigate and characterize Maillard Reactions and their products in foods, including for example capillary electrophoresis, high performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection, UV-VIS spectrophotometry, fluorescence, electronic nose, gravimetric systems, and many more. The chapters exemplify how the analytical techniques can be applied for assessing and evaluating different Maillard Reaction products in foods. Readers will find basic information, as well as practical hints and guidelines for application in their own laboratory.
This book is devoted to the characterization of Maillard reaction products using mass spectrometry (MS)-based technologies. The Maillard reaction is a well-known non-enzymatic reaction between reducing sugars and proteins, and one of the most important reactions in food sciences. The authors explore different MS-based technologies to systematically investigate the Maillard reaction from amino acids, peptides and proteins. By using amino acid/peptide-sugar models, the authors also show how reactants, temperature and time affect the Maillard reaction. In this book, readers will learn more about glucosylation, and how it can improve functional properties of food proteins.
Free Radicals in Food: Chemistry, Nutrition, and Health presents recent developments in free radical chemistry as it pertains to food systems, antioxidants, and nutritional biochemistry and health. This book intends to illustrate the potential chemical links between food and health. The book is organized into three main sections: Food Chemistry, Antioxidants, and Nutritional Biochemistry and Health. Chapters in the Food Chemistry section cover free radical participation in Maillard reactions, emulsions and lysozymes, milk, meat, and extruded grains. This section also addresses detection of radicals by ESR and spin trapping techniques. Chapters in the Antioxidant section cover phenolic and polyphenols from seeds and tea, tannins, and isoflavonoids. Chapters in the Nutritional Biochemistry and Health section cover the influence of food antioxidants and radical damaged ingredients on oxidases, colon carinogenesis, atherosclerosis, and liver epithelial RL34 cells. The ability of specific food components and supplements to intervene in free radical reactions is believed to play a significant role in their ability to promote health and ameliorate disease. Free Radicals in Food presents specific chemical evidence to support these hypotheses.
