Local Commons and Global Interdependence
Local Commons and Global Interdependence

Author: Robert O Keohane

Publisher: SAGE

Published: 1994-11-15

Total Pages: 272

ISBN-13: 144626517X

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This volume offers a synthesis of what is known about very large and very small common-pool resources. Individuals using commons at the global or local level may find themselves in a similar situation. At an international level, states cannot appeal to authoritative hierarchies to enforce agreements they make to cooperate with one another. In some small-scale settings, participants may be just as helpless in calling on distant public officials to monitor and enforce their agreements. Scholars have independently discovered self-organizing regimes which rely on implicit or explicit principles, norms, rules and procedures rather than the command and control of a central authority. The contributors discuss the possibilities and dangers of scaling up and scaling down. They explore the impact of the number of actors and the degree of heterogeneity among actors on the likelihood of cooperative behaviour.

The Challenge of Global Commons and Flows for US Power
The Challenge of Global Commons and Flows for US Power

Author: Mika Aaltola

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2016-04-01

Total Pages: 169

ISBN-13: 1317039211

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Global commons are domains that fall outside the direct jurisdiction of sovereign states - the high seas, air, space, and most recently man-made cyberspace - and thus should be usable by anyone. These domains, even if outside the direct responsibility and governance of sovereign entities, are of crucial interest for the contemporary world order. This book elaborates a practice-based approach to the global commons and flows to examine critically the evolving geopolitical strategy and vision of United States. The study starts with the observation that the nature of US power is evolving increasingly towards the recognition that command over the flows of global interdependence is a central dimension of national power. The study then highlights the emerging security and governance of these flows. In this context, the flows and the underlying global critical infrastructure are emerging as objects of high-level strategic importance. The book pays special attention to one of the least recognized but perhaps most fundamental challenges related to the global commons, namely the conceptual and practical challenge of inter-domain relationships-between maritime, air, space, and cyber-flows that bring about not only opportunities but also new vulnerabilities. These complexities cannot be understood through technological means alone but rather the issues need to be clarified by bringing in the human domain of security.

The Global Commons
The Global Commons

Author: John Vogler

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2000-06-22

Total Pages: 278

ISBN-13:

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This new and updated edition is essential for those wanting tounderstand the limits to collective action on global environmentalproblems. It develops and applies the tools of regime analysis tothe question of how the various global commons are, or fail to be,governed effectively. Since the publication of the first edition of The Global Commonsthere have been many developments particularly in the area ofclimate change and sustainable development e.g. Agenda 21. This newedition has been extensively re-written and expanded to take intoaccount recent developments and includes new conclusions on theconnections between global and local commons. Involving the firstsystematic comparative analysis of governance regimes, the bookcovers: * The Third Law of the Sea Convention, the deep seabed, whaling andmarine pollution regimes * Antarctica and the Madrid Protocol on EnvironmentalProtection * Outer space regimes for weapons, the operation of satellites andthe emerging problem of orbital debris * The global atmosphere, the Montreal Protocol for the protectionof the stratospheric ozone layer and the developing climate changeregime and the Kyoto Protocol. The first edition received widespread praise eg "a comprehensiveand incisive review of much relevant scholarship and case studymaterial" (Area) and "a must for every reading list" (Progress inHuman Geography) and this latest volume will also be invaluable forresearchers and students of politics, environmental management,international relations and political geography.

Collective Action at Local and Global Scales
Collective Action at Local and Global Scales

Author: David G. Victor

Publisher:

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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As we approach the twenty-year anniversary of Keohane and Ostrom's Local Commons and Global Interdependence, I assess their agenda for collaboration between scholars working in the local and global domains. I use the case of global climate change - a challenge that intrinsically spans local to global collective action - to emphasize what scholars working at the intersection of these two domains have learned over the last two decades and what we might do next. Issues that were ripe twenty years ago - such as studying the effects of numbers of actors and their heterogeneity - have seen substantial progress. New topics for cross-domain research include a more careful look at how collective action affects technological innovation. They also include the study of how fragmented institutions affect collective action; fragmentation has grown as a research topic in both domains yet described with different terms of “polycentrism” and “regime complexes.” This paper is part of a panel at APSA aimed at reviving the Keohane-Ostrom; I suggest that a shift to these new topics is as important as a revival of interest in collaboration in these two domains.

The Commons in a Glocal World
The Commons in a Glocal World

Author: Tobias Haller

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2019-04-30

Total Pages: 526

ISBN-13: 1351050974

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This volume focuses on how, in Europe, the debate on the commons is discussed in regard to historical and contemporary dimensions, critically referencing the work of Elinor Ostrom. It also explores from the perspective of new institutional political ecology (NIPE) how Europe directly and indirectly affected and affects the commons globally. Most of the research on the management of commons pool resources is limited to dealing with one of two topics: either the interaction between local participatory governance and development of institutions for commons management, or a political- economy approach that focuses on global change as it is related to the increasingly globalised expansion of capitalist modes of production, consumption and societal reproduction. This volume bridges the two, addressing how global players affect the commons worldwide and how they relate to responses emerging from within the commons in a global- local (glocal) world. Authors from a range of academic disciplines present research findings on recent developments on the commons, including: historical insights; new innovations for participatory institutions building in Europe or several types of commons grabbing, especially in Africa related to European investments; and restrictions on the management of commons at the international level. European case studies are included, providing interesting examples of local participation in commons resource management, while simultaneously showing Europe as a centre for globalized capitalism and its norms and values, affecting the rest of the world, particularly developing countries. This book will be of interest to students and researchers from a wide range of disciplines including natural resource management, environmental governance, political geography and environmental history.

The Global Idea of 'the Commons'
The Global Idea of 'the Commons'

Author: Donald Macon Nonini

Publisher: Berghahn Books

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 150

ISBN-13: 9781845454852

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During the last three decades, corporations allied with scientists and universities, national and regional governments, and international financial institutions have, through a variety of mechanisms associated with neo-liberal globalization, acted to dispossess large proportions of the world's population of their commons' resources and enclose them for profit making. In response, throughout the global South and in the cities of the global North, large numbers of people have formed movements to defend the commons in all their variety. The idea of the commons has thus emerged as a global idea, and commons have emerged as sites of conflict around the world. The essays in this forum assess strategically the situations of selected commons in a variety of diagnostic sites where they exist, the ways in which they are being transformed by the incursions of capital and state, and the ways in which they are becoming the locus of struggle for those who depend on them to survive. Donald M. Nonini is Professor of Anthropology and Director of Graduate Studies in the Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. He has published numerous books, articles, and book chapters on Southeast Asian state formation, the cultural politics of Chinese transnationalism in and from Southeast Asia, and local politics in the southern United States. Recent articles include "Diasporas and Globalization" (2005) and "Indonesia Seen by Its Outside Insiders: Its Chinese Alters in Transnational Space" (2006). His latest book, co-written with Dorothy Holland et al., is Local Democracy Under Siege: Activism, Public Interests and Private Politics (2007).

Constitutions and the Commons
Constitutions and the Commons

Author: Blake Hudson

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2014-03-26

Total Pages: 275

ISBN-13: 1136661816

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Constitutions and the Commons looks at a critical but little examined issue of the degree to which the federal constitution of a nation contributes toward or limits the ability of the national government to manage its domestic natural resources. Furthermore it considers how far the constitution facilitates the binding of constituent states, provinces or subnational units to honor the conditions of international environmental treaties. While the main focus is on the US, there is also detailed coverage of other nations such as Australia, Brazil, India, and Russia. After introducing the role of constitutions in establishing the legal framework for environmental management in federal systems, the author presents a continuum of constitutionally driven natural resource management scenarios, from local to national, and then to global governance. These sections describe how subnational governance in federal systems may take on the characteristics of a commons – with all the attendant tragedies – in the absence of sufficient national constitutional authority. In turn, sufficient national constitutional authority over natural resources also allows these nations to more effectively engage in efforts to manage the global commons, as these nations would be unconstrained by subnational units of government during international negotiations. It is thus shown that national governments in federal systems are at the center of a constitutional 'nested governance commons,' with lower levels of government potentially acting as rational herders on the national commons and national governments potentially acting as rational herders on the global commons. National governments in federal systems are therefore crucial to establishing sustainable management of resources across scales. The book concludes by discussing how federal systems without sufficient national constitutional authority over resources may be strengthened by adopting the approach of federal constitutions that facilitate more robust national level inputs into natural resources management, facilitating national minimum standards as a form of "Fail-safe Federalism" that subnational governments may supplement with discretion to preserve important values of federalism.

The Wealth of the Commons
The Wealth of the Commons

Author: David Bollier

Publisher: Levellers Press

Published: 2014-05-23

Total Pages: 752

ISBN-13: 1937146146

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We are poised between an old world that no longer works and a new one struggling to be born. Surrounded by centralized hierarchies on the one hand and predatory markets on the other, people around the world are searching for alternatives. The Wealth of the Commons explains how millions of commoners have organized to defend their forests and fisheries, reinvent local food systems, organize productive online communities, reclaim public spaces, improve environmental stewardship and re-imagine the very meaning of "progress" and governance. In short, how they've built their commons. In 73 timely essays by a remarkable international roster of activists, academics and project leaders, this book chronicles ongoing struggles against the private com­moditization of shared resources - often known as market enclosures - while docu­menting the immense generative power of the commons. The Wealth of the Commons is about history, political change, public policy and cultural transformation on a global scale - but most of all, it's about individual commoners taking charge of their lives and their endangered resources. "This fine collection makes clear that the idea of the Commons is fully international, and increasingly fully worked-out. If you find yourself wondering what Occupy wants, or if some other world is possible, this pragmatic, down-to-earth, and unsentimental book will provide many of the answers." - Bill McKibben, author of Deep Economy: The Wealth of Communities and The Durable Future