LNG Risk Based Safety
LNG Risk Based Safety

Author: John L. Woodward

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2010-03-25

Total Pages: 392

ISBN-13: 047059022X

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The expert, all-inclusive guide on LNG risk based safety Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is the condensed form of natural gas achieved by cryogenic chilling. This process reduces gas to a liquid 600 times smaller in volume than it is in its original state, making it suitable for economical global transportation. LNG has been traded internationally and used with a good safety record since the 1960s. However, with some accidents occurring with the storage and liquefaction of LNG, a good understanding of its mechanisms, and its potential ramifications to facilities and to the nearby public, is becoming critically important. With an unbiased eye, this book leans on the expertise of its authors and LNG professionals worldwide to examine these serious safety issues, while addressing many false assumptions surrounding this volatile energy source. LNG Risk Based Safety: Summarizes the findings of the Governmental Accountability Office's (GAO) survey of nineteen LNG experts from across North America and Europe Reviews the history of LNG technology developments Systematically reviews the various consequences from LNG releases— discharge, evaporation, dispersion, fire, and other impacts, and identifies best current approaches to model possible consequence zones Includes discussion of case studies and LNG-related accidents over the past fifty years Covering every aspect of this controversial topic, LNG Risk Based Safety informs the reader with firm conclusions based on highly credible investigation, and offers practical recommendations that researchers and developers can apply to reduce hazards and extend LNG technology.

Preparing for LNG by Rail Tank Car: A Review of a U.S. DOT Safety Research, Testing, and Analysis Initiative
Preparing for LNG by Rail Tank Car: A Review of a U.S. DOT Safety Research, Testing, and Analysis Initiative

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2021

Total Pages: 72

ISBN-13: 9780309681766

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Liquefied natural gas (LNG) has not been transported to any significant degree by freight railroads in the United States. When the Further Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2020 was enacted, it directed the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) to enter into an agreement with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) to convene a committee of independent experts to study the safe transportation of LNG by rail tank car. TRB Special Report 339: Preparing for LNG by Rail Tank Car: A Review of a U.S. DOT Safety Research, Testing, and Analysis Initiative, from TRB and NASEM, finds that PHMSA's task force presented a comprehensive plan of work that built on longstanding safety programs, as well as surfacing opportunities for future research. The findings in the report will serve as a good base for the second phase of TRB's phased continued study of the issue. The next phase will be informed by this technical report; will consider experience transporting LNG in other modes, including marine tankers and cargo tank trucks; and will examine the applicability of existing emergency response plans, protocols, and guides for responding to any possible hazardous materials incidents of transporting LNG by rail.

Handbook of Liquefied Natural Gas
Handbook of Liquefied Natural Gas

Author: Saeid Mokhatab

Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing

Published: 2013-10-15

Total Pages: 617

ISBN-13: 0124046452

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Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is a commercially attractive phase of the commodity that facilitates the efficient handling and transportation of natural gas around the world. The LNG industry, using technologies proven over decades of development, continues to expand its markets, diversify its supply chains and increase its share of the global natural gas trade. The Handbook of Liquefied Natural Gas is a timely book as the industry is currently developing new large sources of supply and the technologies have evolved in recent years to enable offshore infrastructure to develop and handle resources in more remote and harsher environments. It is the only book of its kind, covering the many aspects of the LNG supply chain from liquefaction to regasification by addressing the LNG industries’ fundamentals and markets, as well as detailed engineering and design principles. A unique, well-documented, and forward-thinking work, this reference book provides an ideal platform for scientists, engineers, and other professionals involved in the LNG industry to gain a better understanding of the key basic and advanced topics relevant to LNG projects in operation and/or in planning and development. Highlights the developments in the natural gas liquefaction industries and the challenges in meeting environmental regulations Provides guidelines in utilizing the full potential of LNG assets Offers advices on LNG plant design and operation based on proven practices and design experience Emphasizes technology selection and innovation with focus on a “fit-for-purpose design Updates code and regulation, safety, and security requirements for LNG applications

Maritime Security
Maritime Security

Author: Jim Wells

Publisher: DIANE Publishing Inc.

Published: 2007-08

Total Pages: 12

ISBN-13: 9781422315415

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Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is a super-cooled liquid form of natural gas. U.S. LNG imports are projected to increase to 17% of natural gas supplies by 2030, from about 3% today. To meet this increase, energy co¿s. have submitted 32 applications for new terminals. If a terrorist attack on an LNG tanker caused a spill, potential hazards, such as fire, asphyxiation, & explosions, could result. The Dept. of Energy funded a study to conduct small- & large-scale experiments to refine & validate models that calculate how heat from large LNG fires would affect the public. This testimony is based on a recently released report, ¿Maritime Security: Public Safety Consequences of a Terrorist Attack on a Tanker Carrying LNG Need Clarification.¿ Includes recommend.

Recommended Research on LNG Safety
Recommended Research on LNG Safety

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1981

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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The US Department of Energy (DOE) is conducting research on the safety and other environmental aspects of liquefied energy gases including liquefied natural gas (LNG). The effort reported here was conducted as part of the planning for further research into the safety aspects of transporting and storing LNG, with primary emphasis on public safety. Although the modern LNG industry has enjoyed excellent success in providing for safe operations, significant questions remain on the part of many, the expressions of which were intensified with the addition of marine-based LNG import terminals. Public safety with regard to large-scale importation of this fuel has received widespread attention in the US Congress, state legislatures, county and city governments, and from various individuals and public groups, with coverage in all the news media, including books published on the subject. The safety concerns have centered around the consequences to the public of a large spill of the cryogenic liquid from an ocean tanker or a larger storage tank, either of which might hold as much as 125,000 m3 of LNG.