Light scattering is a very powerful method for characterizing the structure of polymers and nanoparticles in solution. As part of the Springer Laboratory series, this book provides a simple-to-read and illustrative textbook probing the seemingly very complicated topic of light scattering from polymers and nanoparticles in dilute solution, and goes further to cover some of the latest technical developments in experimental light scattering.
Lasers play an increasingly important role in a variety of detection techniques, making inelastic light scattering a tool of growing value in the investigation of dynamic and structural problems in chemistry, biology, and physics. Until the initial publication of this work, however, no monograph treated the principles behind current developments in the field.This volume presents a comprehensive introduction to the principles underlying laser light scattering, focusing on the time dependence of fluctuations in fluid systems; it also serves as an introduction to the theory of time correlation functions, with chapters on projection operator techniques in statistical mechanics. The first half comprises most of the material necessary for an elementary understanding of the applications to the study of macromolecules, or comparable sized particles in fluids, and to the motility of microorganisms. The study of collective (or many particle) effects constitutes the second half, including more sophisticated treatments of macromolecules in solution and most of the applications of light scattering to the study of fluids containing small molecules.With its wide-ranging discussions of the many applications of light scattering, this text will be of interest to research chemists, physicists, biologists, medical and fluid mechanics researchers, engineers, and graduate students in these areas.
This book contains the papers presented at a meeting sponsored by the Colloid and Interface Science Group of the Faraday Division, Royal Society of Chemistry, which was held at Wills Hall, University of Bristol from the 14th - 16th April 1997. The pur pose of the meeting, which was entitled Colloidal Dispersions, was to discuss the subject of concentrated colloidal systems including, dispersions, emulsions and powders, in order to emphasize recent advances in experimental and theoretical understanding of these systems and how these advances could be applied to practical utitisation in the wide range of industries which are involved with colloidal systems. The papers presented at the meeting were given by the principal participants in a 5 year project on Colloid Technology, which started on the 1st August 1992, and was funded by the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) of the U.K. and a consortium of industries which was composed of ICI, Schlumberger, Unilever and Zeneca. The academic centres involved were, the Universities of Bristol, Cambridge, Edinburgh and Imperial College, London. Each of the papers published in this volume formed the focus for a discussion on that topic so that each subject was discussed in so me depth by the participants. J ean Proctor and Meg Staff have been tremendously helpful as secretaries at Bristol and Cambridge respectively throughout the project. Also, their help with the various meetings and with the production of this volume was invaluable. We thank them most warmly for their very able assistance.
Light scattering-based methods are used to characterize small particles suspended in water in a wide range of disciplines ranging from oceanography, through medicine, to industry. The scope and accuracy of these methods steadily increases with the progress in light scattering research. This book focuses on the theoretical and experimental foundations of the study and modeling of light scattering by particles in water and critically evaluates the key constraints of light scattering models. It begins with a brief review of the relevant theoretical fundamentals of the interaction of light with condensed matter, followed by an extended discussion of the basic optical properties of pure water and seawater and the physical principles that explain them. The book continues with a discussion of key optical features of the pure water/seawater and the most common components of natural waters. In order to clarify and put in focus some of the basic physical principles and most important features of the experimental data on light scattering by particles in water, the authors employ simple models. The book concludes with extensive critical reviews of the experimental constraints of light scattering models: results of measurements of light scattering and of the key properties of the particles: size distribution, refractive index (composition), structure, and shape. These reviews guide the reader through literature scattered among more than 210 scientific journals and periodicals which represent a wide range of disciplines. A special emphasis is put on the methods of measuring both light scattering and the relevant properties of the particles, because principles of these methods may affect interpretation and applicability of the results. The book includes extensive guides to literature on light scattering data and instrumentation design, as well as on the data for size distributions, refractive indices, and shapes typical of particles in natural waters. It also features a comprehensive index, numerous cross-references, and a reference list with over 1370 entries. An errata sheet for this work can be found at: http://www.tpdsci.com/Ref/Jonasz_M_2007_LightScatE.php *Extensive reference section provides handy compilations of knowledge on the designs of light scattering meters, sources of experimental data, and more *Worked exercises and examples throughout
Colloids are submicron particles that are ubiquitous in both natural and industrial products. Colloids and colloidal systems play a significant role in human health as well as commercial and industrial situations. Colloids have important applications in medicine, sewage disposal, water purification, mining, photography, electroplating, agriculture, and more.This book gathers recent research from experts in the field of colloids and discusses several aspects of colloid morphology, synthesis, and applications. The book is divided into three sections that cover different techniques for the synthesis of colloids, the structure, dynamic and stability of colloids, and applications of colloidal particles, respectively.
This book describes new developments in the theory and practice of the formulation of food emulsions, dispersions, gels, and foams. It provides a link between current research on the fundamental physical chemistry of colloidal systems and the increasing requirements of the industry to apply colloid science to the development of food products with improved health benefits. Coverage includes: food structure for nutrition, structure of self-assembled globular proteins, similarities in self-assembly of proteins and surfactants, electrostatics in macromolecular solutions, particle tracking as a probe of micro-rheology in food colloids, different interactions during the acidification of and mechanisms determining crispness and its retention.
