Labour, Human Capital and Economic Development in Sabah
Labour, Human Capital and Economic Development in Sabah

Author: Kasim Bin Mansor @ Md. Mansur

Publisher: Universiti Malaysia Sabah Press

Published: 2021-08-06

Total Pages: 96

ISBN-13: 9672166893

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This book highlights some contemporary issues related to Sabah’s economic growth, including socio-economic, labour and human capital. These issues are linked to relevant economic and growth theory approaches. Critical issues on the challenges in the development and the way forward to realise government policies such as the Sabah Development Corridor (SDC), the National Key Economic Area (NKEA) and the implementation of zakat to eradicate poverty will also be discussed. Economic development for Sabah is essential and is an ongoing effort to ensure that Sabah can compete in a gradually competitive economy. Implementing sound economic policies is vital in improving the social well-being and standard of living in the state. This book also explores socio- economic issues involving various ethnic groups in Sabah, especially improving human capital and infrastructure investment. The author identified that these elements are the key contributors and enablers to Sabah’s economic growth. Thus, economic growth and development are consistent agendas to ensure future generations can live comfortably in a conducive economic environment. Hence, this book re-emphasises the importance of knowledge workers in preparing the Industrial Revolution 4.0. The author also recommends that Sabah’s further economic development be attained through rigorous efforts from strong cooperation of state and federal government and firms, private sectors, industries, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and the people. The development can be realised through investment and innovation. This book is significant to academics, students, policymakers, and community in increasing awareness of the importance of labour, human capital and economic development in Sabah. While adding to existing literature, this book can also be an additional reference about Sabah’s key economic characteristics and labour market.

Sabah: Is it a State Built by Local or Foreign Perspiration
Sabah: Is it a State Built by Local or Foreign Perspiration

Author: Ujin Matjin

Publisher: Universiti Malaysia Sabah Press

Published: 2020-06-09

Total Pages: 77

ISBN-13: 9672962398

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Labour the main resource for production other than capital and technology or knowledge in an emerging country like Malaysia. The total factor productivity is high for labour compared to other resources. To enhance it further, the government came up with policies to upgrade the skills and knowledge of the workforce. Labour was combined with knowledge or technology to create human capital. The human capital was the main reason that attracted foreign direct investment into the nation. Knowledgeable and skilful human capital is also important to increase the total factor productivity of capital. Under the New Economic Model, the nation was separated into various corridors to attract foreign direct investment into the nation. The inflow of foreign direct investment guaranteed job opportunity, knowledge and technology and also export. This appreciates the exchange rate and purchasing power, eventually the economic growth of the nation. Sabah was one of the corridors that had great potential to attract foreign direct investment especially in the service-based industry and agriculture industry. Other than its uniqueness in terms of its natural environment, rich in flora and fauna, Sabah is also able to attract foreign direct investment due to its labour force. Labour force in Sabah consists of locals and foreign. The influx of foreign labour in Sabah is immense in the agriculture sector. Foreign labour differs from expatriates. The need for foreign labour has its advantages and disadvantages. The foreign labour was deemed important in the production activity but it caused unemployment among locals, allocation of resources for their needs, and also social costs like crime and diseases. Thus, the Sabah government has taken numerous measures to reduce the dependence on foreign labour. But before such measures are taken an empirical analysis need to be carried out to justify whether the Sabah economic growth was dependent on local labour or foreign labour. An advance econometric analysis was used in this book to justify that Sabah’s economic growth is foreign labour dependent.

Holistic Development And Security For Esszone
Holistic Development And Security For Esszone

Author: Diana Peters

Publisher: Universiti Malaysia Sabah Press

Published: 2019-10-06

Total Pages: 251

ISBN-13: 9672962681

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Holistic Development And Security For Esszone Editors : Diana Peters, Jennifer Chan Kim Lian, Gusni Saat, Ebentin Estim, Martin A. Sebastian. This book is an attempt to contextualise the issues occurring in this part of the region which is not only solely constrained by security in the traditional sense, but also to ensure the livelihoods of citizens are being protected. The four pillars for a holistic approach identified in this book are based on the inputs by stakeholders in four workshops organised in throughout 2016, under the same theme. It is realised that the challenges to the security of Eastern Sabah has many faces – piracy, illicit trafficking, and kidnappings – and these challenges are evolving. As such, an all-encompassing solution is needed.

Demographic and Socioeconomic Changes in Sabah
Demographic and Socioeconomic Changes in Sabah

Author: Tey Nai Ping

Publisher: Universiti Malaysia Sabah Press

Published: 2022-05-13

Total Pages: 448

ISBN-13: 9672738250

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Population and development are inextricably interrelated. Population size and structure are crucial factors affecting opportunities, pressures, and constraints of society. The high fertility and rapid population growth in low-resource countries have hampered socio-economic development. However, as fertility began to fall rapidly since the middle of the 20th century, many post-demographic-transition countries are undergoing rapid population ageing and encountering labour shortages Sabah is the second-most populous state in Malaysia, with about 4 million population in 2020. It has registered the second-highest population growth rate over the past four decades, brought about by the influx of migrant workers due to the severe labour shortage. The number of non-citizens grew from 420 thousand in 1990 to 1.094 million in 2020. Non-citizens made up close to 30% of the state population during 2013 – 2018, up from around 26% in 2009 – 2010. However, the negative growth of the non-citizens in Sabah during 2018 – 2020 has resulted in zero growth of the state population. This book is a sequel to the series on “Revisiting Population- Development Nexus: The Past in Its Future, 2016”, and “Demographic Transition and Socio-economic Development in Malaysia, 2020”by the Universiti Malaysia Press. Given Sabah’s unique socio-demographic situation, this book will provide a comprehensive analysis of the demographic situation, emphasizing the young generation and the changing roles and status of women in Sabah. The book consists of 14 chapters, covering population situation analysis at the state and district levels; functional population projection; gender differentials in education, employment, and income; internal and international migration; marriage; fertility and fertility preferences; family planning; family and gender roles; youth in development; adolescent sexual and reproductive health; women and youth in the hotel industry; and growth of the non-citizen population. Each chapter examines gender differentials and provides a comparative analysis with Sarawak and Peninsular Malaysia. The book will serve as a useful reference for planners and administrators from the public and private sectors, researchers, and students.

Malaysia@50: Economic Development, Distribution, Disparities
Malaysia@50: Economic Development, Distribution, Disparities

Author: Jomo Kwame Sundaram

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2013-09-16

Total Pages: 215

ISBN-13: 9814571563

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Malaysia has grown and changed a great deal since it was formed on 16 September 1963. It was then seen as an unlikely nation hastily put together as a federation of British controlled territories in the region. Brunei's refusal to join at the eleventh hour and Singapore's secession before its second birthday only seemed to confirm such doubts.Yet, it has not only survived, but even thrived, often cited as a developing country worthy of emulation. Ruled by the same ruling coalition since the mid-1950s, it has been tempting to emphasize continuities, and there certainly have been many.Looking back at its last half century, this volume first considers changes in development policy in response to national as well as international developments. The remaining three parts consider how public policy has been influenced by and has, in turn, influenced economic distribution, public finance and economic federalism.Besides the familiar focus on ethnic disparities, regional and other distribution issues are considered. The discussion of government taxation as well as spending also focuses on distribution implications. Although constitutionally a federation, Malaysia has been more centralized than most federal states.The way forward requires greater sensitivity to the complex political economy of Malaysia's unlikely, but nonetheless resilient federation and ruling coalition.This book is published and distributed worldwide by World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd except Malaysia.

Systemic Vulnerability and Sustainable Economic Growth
Systemic Vulnerability and Sustainable Economic Growth

Author: Bryan K. Ritchie

Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

Published: 2010-01-01

Total Pages: 265

ISBN-13: 1849807132

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For many developing countries economic growth is an elusive quest. Both economists and policy-makers have long known that issues such as education, investment and infrastructure are necessary ingredients for development and yet only a very small number of countries seem to be able to come up with the right mix of these ingredients. Bryan Ritchie demonstrates how political relationships among government, business, academic and labor leaders create different incentives for economic actors to make key decisions to promote economic upgrading and sustainable development. He reveals how these decisions affect matters such as bureaucratic structures, the language of education, a focus on technology and innovation, and the inclusion of labor in business strategy. These shape the institutional structures that in turn create the foundation of government policy. The policies, and the political relationships that form around them, can be beneficial or detrimental to the economic development of the country. This insightful study shows how the level of systemic vulnerability, which is a combination of resource endowments, domestic conflict and external military security, determines which forms they take. Systemic Vulnerability and Sustainable Economic Growth will be warmly welcomed by academics and researchers of political science, economics – development economics particularly – and Asian studies. Policy-makers will find invaluable insights such as how government bodies can successfully incorporate actors from the private sector. The book will also appeal to business leaders wishing to know why policy-makers act the way they do.

Economic Reforms for Global Competitiveness
Economic Reforms for Global Competitiveness

Author: Ushakov, Denis

Publisher: IGI Global

Published: 2017-09-13

Total Pages: 386

ISBN-13: 1522538577

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Reforms are a necessary part of social and economic regulation. Each year, political pressure for economic reform becomes more prevalent, especially from various international organizations and business associations. Economic Reforms for Global Competitiveness is an essential reference source for the latest scholarly research on important factors of modern countries’ social and economic dynamics. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as human capital, project management, and fiscal reforms, this book is ideally designed for academicians, researchers, and students seeking the latest material on the role and impact of economic reforms.

Migrant Workers and ASEAN
Migrant Workers and ASEAN

Author: Anisa Santoso

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2017-04-21

Total Pages: 192

ISBN-13: 1315512432

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ASEAN (The Association of Southeast Asian Nations) has made slow progress in defining a regional policy for the protection of migrant workers. This book examines the normative structures within the institutions at play at both state and regional level of ASEAN, which influence the making of a migrant workers' protection policy.The author puts forward a novel alternative policy analysis tool – the Two Level State and Regional Analysis – that enables satisfactory explanation for policy-making cases, whereby normative institutional structures are involved and social policies are considered. The author argues that the formulation of a working coherent migrant workers protection policy has not been achieved because of the presence of normative institutional structures with ideas unsupportive to the protection of migrant workers, which results in a slow institutionalisation process. Although the migrant workers in question are their citizens, and migrant sending countries are supposed to have more supportive normative structures for workers protection, the author finds that when examined closesly, institutions in both migrant sending and receiving countries tend to have normative structures that are against workers protection. These arguments drive the analytical questions of the book to inquire about the forms of the normative structures involved and their influence in the relevant institutions. A unique contribution to the study of ASEAN and migration in Southeast Asia, this book will be of interest to academics in the field of Social Policy, Migration Studies and Asian Studies, in particular Southeast Asian Studies.