Kinetics and Energy Transfer in Nonequilibrium Fluid Flows
Kinetics and Energy Transfer in Nonequilibrium Fluid Flows

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1993

Total Pages: 69

ISBN-13:

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Chemical kinetics and energy transfer have been investigated for nonequilibrium fluid flow. The particular process of interest is ultraviolet emission from the A2 sigma + excited electronic state of NO, which is generated under nonequilibrium conditions in the bow shock waves of ascending missiles at 50 to 100 km altitude. A literature survey of the pertinent rate constants and mechanism for use in computer models of the process has been undertaken. Emission from NO has been studied in shock tubes, using shock heated air and other gas mixtures. Collisional quenching of the A2 sigma + state is the reverse of heavy particle excitation of the emission. Its temperature dependence has been studied in a heated cell and a shock tube. An attempt was made to determine the final vibrational state distribution in the ground electronic state, concluding that the NO is transferred into high vibrational levels.

Non-Equilibrium Reacting Gas Flows
Non-Equilibrium Reacting Gas Flows

Author: Ekaterina Nagnibeda

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2009-07-09

Total Pages: 255

ISBN-13: 3642013902

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In the present monograph, we develop the kinetic theory of transport phenomena and relaxation processes in the flows of reacting gas mixtures and discuss its applications to strongly non-equilibrium conditions. The main attention is focused on the influence of non-equilibrium kinetics on gas dynamics and transport properties. Closed systems of fluid dynamic equations are derived from the kinetic equations in different approaches. We consider the most accurate approach taking into account the state-to-state kinetics in a flow, as well as simplified multi-temperature and one-temperature models based on quasi-stationary distributions. Within these approaches, we propose the algorithms for the calculation of the transport coefficients and rate coefficients of chemical reactions and energy exchanges in non-equilibrium flows; the developed techniques are based on the fundamental kinetic theory principles. The theory is applied to the modeling of non-equilibrium flows behind strong shock waves, in the boundary layer, and in nozzles. The comparison of the results obtained within the frame of different approaches is presented, the advantages of the new state-to-state kinetic model are discussed, and the limits of validity for simplified models are established. The book can be interesting for scientists and graduate students working on physical gas dynamics, aerothermodynamics, heat and mass transfer, non-equilibrium physical-chemical kinetics, and kinetic theory of gases.

Energy Transfers in Fluid Flows
Energy Transfers in Fluid Flows

Author: Mahendra K. Verma

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2019-05-23

Total Pages: 566

ISBN-13: 1108226108

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An up-to-date comprehensive text useful for graduate students and academic researchers in the field of energy transfers in fluid flows. The initial part of the text covers discussion on energy transfer formalism in hydrodynamics and the latter part covers applications including passive scalar, buoyancy driven flows, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD), dynamo, rotating flows and compressible flows. Energy transfers among large-scale modes play a critical role in nonlinear instabilities and pattern formation and is discussed comprehensively in the chapter on buoyancy-driven flows. It derives formulae to compute Kolmogorov's energy flux, shell-to-shell energy transfers and locality. The book discusses the concept of energy transfer formalism which helps in calculating anisotropic turbulence.

The Thermodynamics of Fluid Systems
The Thermodynamics of Fluid Systems

Author: Leslie Colin Woods

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 1975

Total Pages: 380

ISBN-13:

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This classic account stresses the role of time-scales in determining the nature and extent of state space, an approach that makes clear the unity of classical, kinetic, statistical, and process thermodynamics. "Superb....It has no equal....Should be read by anyone who wants to understand what thermodynamics--regarded as a branch of physics--is all about....No one concerned with thermodynamics, and not merely that of fluid systems, can afford to be without this book, be he undergraduate student, graduate student or research worker."--Journal of Fluid Mechanics

Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics
Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics

Author: Yasar Demirel

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2007-10-10

Total Pages: 755

ISBN-13: 008055136X

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Natural phenomena consist of simultaneously occurring transport processes and chemical reactions. These processes may interact with each other and lead to instabilities, fluctuations, and evolutionary systems. This book explores the unifying role of thermodynamics in natural phenomena. Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics, Second Edition analyzes the transport processes of energy, mass, and momentum transfer processes, as well as chemical reactions. It considers various processes occurring simultaneously, and provides students with more realistic analysis and modeling by accounting possible interactions between them. This second edition updates and expands on the first edition by focusing on the balance equations of mass, momentum, energy, and entropy together with the Gibbs equation for coupled processes of physical, chemical, and biological systems. Every chapter contains examples and practical problems to be solved. This book will be effective in senior and graduate education in chemical, mechanical, systems, biomedical, tissue, biological, and biological systems engineering, as well as physical, biophysical, biological, chemical, and biochemical sciences. Will help readers in understanding and modelling some of the coupled and complex systems, such as coupled transport and chemical reaction cycles in biological systems Presents a unified approach for interacting processes - combines analysis of transport and rate processes Introduces the theory of nonequilibrium thermodynamics and its use in simultaneously occurring transport processes and chemical reactions of physical, chemical, and biological systems A useful text for students taking advanced thermodynamics courses

Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics
Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics

Author: Yasar Demirel

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2002-11-22

Total Pages: 423

ISBN-13: 0080479723

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The book begins with a brief review of equilibrium systems and transport and rate processes, then covers the following areas: theory of nonequilibrium thermodynamics; dissipation function; entropy and exergy; analysis and case studies on using the second law of thermodynamics; economic impact of the nonequilibrium thermodynamics theory; analysis of transport and rate processes; membrane transport; dissipative structures and biological systems; and other thermodynamic approaches and extended nonequilibrium thermodynamics. Summarizes new applications of thermodynamics as tools for design and optimisation Covers second law and exergy analysis for sustainable development Promotes understanding of the coupled phenomena of natural processes