Africa's newest Jewish community of note is in Nigeria, where upwards of twenty thousand Igbos are commonly claimed to have adopted Judaism. Bolstered by customs recalling an Israelite ancestry, but embracing rabbinic Judaism, they are also the world's first 'Internet Jews'. William Miles has spent over three decades conducting research in West Africa. He shares life stories from this spiritually passionate community, as well as his own Judaic reflections as he celebrates Hanukka and a bar mitzvah with 'Jubos' in Abuja, the capital of Nigeria.
Among the 20 to 30 million Igbo people in Nigeria there is a widespread belief that the Igbo originated in ancient Israel. Recently a number of Igbo Jewish communities have been established in Nigeria. Although some Igbo have made their way to Israel, the Israeli public is largely unaware of the fact that that there are in addition of 20 to 30 million people in Nigeria that are called by some, 'the Jews of West Africa.' This book offers for the first time an in-depth study and a genealogical history of the Igbo's long term narrative of a possible Jewish origin.
"This book presents, one by one, the different groups of Black Jews in Western central, eastern, and southern Africa and the ways in which they have used and imagined their oral history and traditional customs to construct a distinct Jewish identity. It explores the ways in which Africans have interacted with the ancient mythological sub-strata of both western and African ideas of Judaism."--Résumé de l'éditeur.
Black Jews in Africa and the Americas tells the fascinating story of how the Ashanti, Tutsi, Igbo, Zulu, Beta Israel, Maasai, and many other African peoples came to think of themselves as descendants of the ancient tribes of Israel. Pursuing medieval and modern European race narratives over a millennium in which not only were Jews cast as black but black Africans were cast as Jews, Tudor Parfitt reveals a complex history of the interaction between religious and racial labels and their political uses. For centuries, colonialists, travelers, and missionaries, in an attempt to explain and understand the strange people they encountered on the colonial frontier, labeled an astonishing array of African tribes, languages, and cultures as Hebrew, Jewish, or Israelite. Africans themselves came to adopt these identities as their own, invoking their shared histories of oppression, imagined blood-lines, and common traditional practices as proof of a racial relationship to Jews. Beginning in the post-slavery era, contacts between black Jews in America and their counterparts in Africa created powerful and ever-growing networks of black Jews who struggled against racism and colonialism. A community whose claims are denied by many, black Jews have developed a strong sense of who they are as a unique people. In Parfitt’s telling, forces of prejudice and the desire for new racial, redemptive identities converge, illuminating Jewish and black history alike in novel and unexplored ways.
"Hebrew Igbo Republics" sets out to demonstrate that the Igbos of West Africa, the group known and described as the Jews of Africa, and Biafrans by many, practice a culture and a religion that bring to life the culture and religion of the Israelites of the Bible. The author resurrects biblical characters by showing that they used idioms which correspond to idioms used by Igbos since immemorial times. Awesomely the Igbo expression for marriage "ima ogodo" was what Ruth told Boaz to do when she asked him to marry her through a Levirate arrangement. And we find in the book rock-solid evidence that the Igbos retain what could be the nearest name for Israel's biblical religion and culture. A translation of the Igbo phrase O me na ana leads us to Deuteronomy 6:1. You will be spell-bound when you see that the elusive name of the Hebrew God has a connection to "Chi" which is the Igbo word for God or personal God. And in this book the author shows that many Igbo and Hebrew words which are close in spelling mean the same things. Igbo urimmu and Hebrew urim both mean light. Igbo aru and Hebrew ar mean abomination, forbidden. DNA? The book gives us evidence sourced from MyHeritage DNA company that Igbo genes are in the Middle East gene pool. The reader should read and see for himself or herself what this monograph carries. The book says to all scholars in biblical, Jewish, Igbo, Middle Eastern, African, Christian and Religious studies, we have work to do! We need to go back to the drawing boards!
A book of stunning photographs, detailing the daily lives of the Igbo Jewish community of Nigeria, highlighting their prayer, practice, ritual and belief. Journey through the many synagogue communities in Nigeria as the Igbo celebrate Shabbat, holidays, and the first visit of an American rabbi. This is a companion book to the acclaimed documentary film, "Re-Emerging: The Jews of Nigeria".
Whether they came from Sioux Falls or the Bronx, over half a million Jews entered the U.S. armed forces during the Second World War. Uprooted from their working- and middle-class neighborhoods, they joined every branch of the military and saw action on all fronts. Deborah Dash Moore offers an unprecedented view of the struggles these GI Jews faced, having to battle not only the enemy but also the prejudices of their fellow soldiers. Through memoirs, oral histories, and letters, Moore charts the lives of fifteen young Jewish men as they faced military service and tried to make sense of its demands. From confronting pork chops to enduring front-line combat, from the temporary solace of Jewish worship to harrowing encounters with death camp survivors, we come to understand how these soldiers wrestled with what it meant to be an American and a Jew. Moore shows how military service in World War II transformed this generation of Jews, reshaping Jewish life in America and abroad. These men challenged perceptions of Jews as simply victims of the war, and encouraged Jews throughout the diaspora to fight for what was right. At the same time, service strengthened Jews' identification with American democratic ideals, even as it confirmed the importance of their Jewish identity. GI Jews is a powerful, intimate portrayal of the costs of a conflict that was at once physical, emotional, and spiritual, as well as its profound consequences for these hitherto overlooked members of the "greatest generation."
First published in 2007. This classic work explores the seminal early periods of Jewish history. The destruction of Jerusalem in 586 B.C. by the army of Nebuchadnezzar marks a radical turning point in the life of the people of Jehovah, for then the history of the Hebrew state and monarchy ends, and the Jewish history, the records of experiences, not of a nation but of the scattered, oppressed remnants of the Jewish people, begins.
What was life like for Jews settled throughout the Mediterranean world of Classical antiquity--and what place did Jewish communities have in the diverse civilization dominated by Greeks and Romans? In a probing account of the Jewish diaspora in the four centuries from Alexander the Great's conquest of the Near East to the Roman destruction of the Jewish Temple in 70 C.E., Erich Gruen reaches often surprising conclusions. By the first century of our era, Jews living abroad far outnumbered those living in Palestine and had done so for generations. Substantial Jewish communities were found throughout the Greek mainland and Aegean islands, Asia Minor, the Tigris-Euphrates valley, Egypt, and Italy. Focusing especially on Alexandria, Greek cities in Asia Minor, and Rome, Gruen explores the lives of these Jews: the obstacles they encountered, the institutions they established, and their strategies for adjustment. He also delves into Jewish writing in this period, teasing out how Jews in the diaspora saw themselves. There emerges a picture of a Jewish minority that was at home in Greco-Roman cities: subject to only sporadic harassment; its intellectuals immersed in Greco-Roman culture while refashioning it for their own purposes; exhibiting little sign of insecurity in an alien society; and demonstrating both a respect for the Holy Land and a commitment to the local community and Gentile government. Gruen's innovative analysis of the historical and literary record alters our understanding of the way this vibrant minority culture engaged with the dominant Classical civilization.
